Puzzle games need story elements like characters and props to engage players in solving puzzles. Puzzles must be fair, using information available to reach a single solution that advances the story. Common puzzle patterns include selective encoding, where clues are hidden in the environment; selective comparison, combining clues; and selective combination, using objects together. Puzzle games teach skills like logic, maths, and problem-solving through gameplay. They are evaluated based on mechanics, how well puzzles tie to a narrative, and variety in scenery. Common genres discussed are math/logic games, point-and-click adventures often using item puzzles, and 2D platformers incorporating movement and object interaction puzzles. More advanced mechanics manipulate time, gravity, and player control