This ppt will give you a detailed explanation on causuative agents, transmission, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis & treatment of pesudomonas aeroginosa.

1. PSEUDOMONAS
AERUGINOSA

2. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa:
Gram negative bacilli
Oxidase positive
Pigment producing
Non-fermenting

3. VIRULENCE FACTORS AND PATHOGENESIS
1. COLONIZATION: Adhesion and colonization
by pili or fimbriae and polar flagellum
2. TOXIN MEDIATED IMMUNE INVASION:
 Non diffusible toxins: Exotoxins S, U, T and
Y.
 Diffusible toxins: Exotoxin A, proteases,
phopholipases, hemolysins, elastases etc.
3. HOST INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE:
Response elicited against endotoxins and
flagellin thro’ toll-like receptors.

4. 4. PIGMENT PRODUCTION:
Pyocyanin: Blue-green color
Fluorescin or Pyoverdin: Greenish-
yellow color
Pyorubin: Red color
Pyomelanin: Brown-black color
5. ALGINATE COAT:
Facilitates biofilm formation
Adhesion to host cells
6. CAPSULE: Prevents phagocytosis
7. MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE
8. MULTI- DISINFECTANT RESISTANCE
9. WIDE TEMPERATURE RANGE: Survives
between 5-45 c.
VIRULENCE FACTORS AND PATHOGENESIS

5. 01
03
02
04
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY TRACT
INFECTIONS: Underlying conditions like
cystic fibrosis or bronchiectasis
EYE INFECTIONS: Corneal ulcers and
endophthalmitis
SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS:
Ecthyma gangrenosum, green-nail
syndrome, cellulitis, etc.
BACTEREMIA: Can lead to sepsis or
septic shock
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS: Among IV
drug abusers.
SHANGAI FEVER: It is a mild febrile
illness.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

6.  SPECIMEN: Pus, Wound swab, Urine,
etc.
 DIRECT SMEAR: Gram staining
i) Plenty of pus cells
ii) Slender gram negative bacilli(
occasionally capsulated)
 CULTURE: Incubated aerobically
at 37 c for 24 hours.
 Peptone water: Uniform
turbidity with surface pellicle
formation
 Nutrient agar: Large, opaque,
irregular colonies with a metallic
sheen. Production of pigments
and have alcohol like fruity odor.
 Blood agar: Beta-hemolytic gray
moist colonies
 MacConkey agar: Pale non-
lactose fermenting colonies
 Cetrimide agar used for purulent
specimens.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
CULTURE SMEAR AND MOTILITY: Gram
negative bacilli actively motile with single
polar flagellum.
IDENTIFICATION:
MALDI-TOF OR VITEK(automated)
Oxidase and catalase positive
ICUT TEST: Citrate positive, urease and
indole negative , TSI- no change
AST: Performed by disk diffusion method
or automated MIC detection method.

7. TREATMENT
PENICILLINS: Piperacillin, mezlocillin CEPHALOSPORINS: Ceftazidime, cefoperazone BETA-LACTAM/BETA-LACTAMASE
INHIBITOR combinations CARBAPENEMS: Imipenem, merpenem MONOBACTAM: Aztreonam AMINOGLYCOSIDES:
Tobramycin, gentamicin QUINOLONES: Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin POLYMYXINS: Polymixin B, colistin

8. DRUG
RESISTANCE AND
PREVENTION
DRUG RESISTANCE:
PRODUCERS OF
BETA-LACTAMASES
ESBL
Carbapenamases
AmpC beta
lactamases
PREVENTIVE
MEASURES:
Infective control
measures and hand
hygiene.