Project Report for ISKCON Temple Project

ISKCON TEMPLE PROJECT
fâu{tÅ ^âÇwâ
Student of 3rd
year(6th sem)
Civil Engineering
IMPS college of Engineering and Technology
Malda
By ‐

Acknowledgement
I want to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people
who have been instrumental in the successful completion of the project. I
would like to show my greatest appreciation to –
 Safety: Mr. Atanu Ghosh
 Execution: Mr. Indrajit Biswas & Mr. Sujoy Banerjee
 Survey: Mr. Ajay Baidya
 Q.A & Q.C: Mr. Sujoy Banerjee & Mr. S.K.Maity
 Plant: Mr. R.Chandrasekhar
 Planning & Billing: Mr. Subham Agarwal
 Store: Mr. Tapan Modak
 Administration: Mr. Sanatan Das
 Accounts: Mr. B.D.Saha
I would like to especially thank Mr. Sanjay Kumar Das, Deputy Project
manager, TOVP Project for providing me with this wonderful
opportunity to study the construction of the Temple of the Vedic
Planetarium and for clearing all my doubts regarding this project. I want
to say thank you for his tremendous support and help. I feel motivated
and encouraged every time I attend his meeting. Without his
encouragement and guidance this report writing would not have
materialized.
It has been a wonderful learning experience for me which I believe will
immensely benefit my future academic career.

Special Thanks
We give the special thanks to MR. ATANU
GHOSH, MR. SUJOY BANERJEE, MR. AJAY
BAIDYA, MR. S.K.MAITY, MR.
R.CHANDRASEKHAR, MR. SUBHAM
AGARWAL, MR. TAPAN MANDAL, MR.
SANATAN DAS and MR. B.D.SAHA. For their
excellent contribution, proper guidance, support,
and solving problem.

 Content
SL. NO. TOPIC PAGE NO.
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SAFETY
3. EXECUTION
4. SURVEY
5. QUALITY CONTROL
6. PLANT
7. PLANNING AND BILLING
8. STORE
9. ACCOUNTS
10. ADMINISTRATION
11. PICTURES
12. CONCLUSION

About the Project
The Temple of the Vedic Planetarium is an unparalleled project, which is currently in
construction in West Bengal. The project was started to fulfill the desire of the founder of
ISKCON, Srila A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, to make the vast culture &
philosophy of the timeless Vedic tradition accessible to everyone & to make Mayapur, the
birthplace of Sri Chaitanya, a world tourist spot.
According to Alfred Ford, an eminent ISKCON activist, the Queen of Britain & US President
Barrack Obama along with the President of India, Pranab Mukherjee, would most likely be
present at the opening ceremony of this unparalleled planetarium temple.
Alfred Ford, who himself is the current owner of Ford, a giant brand in the field of
automobiles, would invest a major amount of money for this project; it is said to be around
Rs. 400 crores.
The philosophy of the ancient Vedic tradition will be accessible to everyone in highly
technological format after the completion of this mega project.
According to an ISKCON official, the entire format of the planetarium will be based on
SreemadBhagawatGeeta, a major Hindu Scripture, which is the real science, he added.
At present around 4 million people visit ISKCON in Mayapur annually. Alfred Ford believes
it would increase in manifold after the completion of the project. He also added: “The dream
project which is already undergoing construction would be taller than the Hagia Sophiain in
Istanbul & the temple’s dome diameter & floor space would be bigger than St Paul’s
Cathedral in London.”
The height of the 7 story planetarium will be 351 ft, & it will be built by using ceramic tiles,
stainless steel, gold plated metals & other precious materials. The entire area would be of six
lakh square ft. The architectural design has been done by ISKCON member Sadbhuja Das,
Bhavananda Das, Vilasi Debi Dasi in such a way that it would last for at least 1000 years.
Officials of ISKCON said that, the planetarium will be renowned as the Vedic cultural centre
after completion. & it will consist of Vedic cosmological unit, Vedic science centre &
planetarium theatre. There will be a difference between the traditional planetarium as the
traditional planetariums use an opto-mechanical system to project star fields on a domed
surface, while this planetarium theatre will utilize newer digital projectors, which can project
not only fields of stars & planets, but any conceivable image onto a large domed screen.
Support from experts & architects from around the globe would be taken in this project. The
entire area will be 1.5 acres of land on which the 4.25 lakh square ft project would be
constructed. The body of the temple would be made of pure steel & other metals will also be
used in it as a part of decoration.

The main attraction of this temple will be the Vedic planetarium, which will be located at the
top of one of the proposed 75 domes & 250 people could be accommodated in it.

Safety
 INTRODUCTION —
Safety is the state of being "safe" (from French sauf), the condition of being protected from harm or
other non-desirable outcomes. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to
achieve an acceptable level of risk.

 MEANING —
There are two slightly different meanings of safety. For example, home safety may indicate a
building's ability to protect against external harm events (such as weather, home invasion, etc.), or may
indicate that its internal installations (such as appliances, stairs, etc.) are safe (not dangerous or
harmful) for its inhabitants.
Discussions of safety often include mention of related terms. Security is such a term. With time the
definitions between these two have often become interchanged, equated, and frequently appear
juxtaposed in the same sentence. Readers unfortunately are left to conclude whether they comprise a
redundancy. This confuses the uniqueness that should be reserved for each by itself. When seen as
unique, as we intend here, each term will assume its rightful place in influencing and being influenced
by the other.
Safety is the condition of a “steady state” of an organization or place doing what it is supposed to do.
“What it is supposed to do” is defined in terms of public codes and standards, associated architectural
and engineering designs, corporate vision and mission statements, and operational plans and personnel
policies. For any organization, place, or function, large or small, safety is a normative concept. It
complies with situation-specific definitions of what is expected and acceptable.
Using this definition, protection from a home’s external threats and protection from its internal
structural and equipment failures (see Meanings, above) are not two types of safety but rather two
aspects of a home’s steady state.
In the world of everyday affairs, not all goes as planned. Some entity’s steady state is challenged. This
is where security science, which is of more recent date, enters. Drawing from the definition of safety,
then:
Security is the process or means, physical or human, of delaying, preventing, and otherwise protecting
against external or internal, defects, dangers, loss, criminals, and other individuals or actions that
threaten, hinder or destroy an organization’s “steady state,” and deprive it of its intended purpose for
being.
Using this generic definition of safety it is possible to specify the elements of a security program.

 LIMITATIONS —
Safety can be limited in relation to some guarantee or a standard of insurance to the quality and
unharmful function of an object or organization. It is used in order to ensure that the object or
organization will do only what it is meant to do.
It is important to realize that safety is relative. Eliminating all risk, if even possible, would be
extremely difficult and very expensive. A safe situation is one where risks of injury or property
damage are low and manageable.

 TYPES OF SAFETY —
It is important to distinguish between products that meet standards, that are safe, and those that merely
feel safe. The highway safety community uses these terms:
 Normative safety: Normative safety is achieved when a product or design meets applicable standards
and practices for design and construction or manufacture, regardless of the product's actual safety
history.

 Substantive safety: Substantive or objective safety occurs when the real-world safety history is
favourable, whether or not standards are met.

 Perceived safety: Perceived or subjective safety refers to the users' level of comfort and perception of
risk, without consideration of standards or safety history. For example, traffic signals are perceived as
safe, yet under some circumstances, they can increase traffic crashes at an intersection. Traffic
roundabouts have a generally favourable safety record yet often make drivers nervous.
Low perceived safety can have costs. For example, after the 9/11/2001 attacks, many people chose to
drive rather than fly, despite the fact that, even counting terrorist attacks, flying is safer than driving.
Perceived risk discourages people from walking and bicycling for transportation, enjoyment or
exercise, even though the health benefits outweigh the risk of injury.
 Security: Also called social safety or public safety, security addresses the risk of harm due to
intentional criminal acts such as assault, burglary or vandalism.
Because of the moral issues involved, security is of higher importance to many people than substantive
safety. For example, a death due to murder is considered worse than a death in a car crash, even
though in many countries, traffic deaths are more common than homicides.

 RISKS AND RESPONSES —
Safety is generally interpreted as implying a real and significant impact on risk of death, injury or
damage to property. In response to perceived risks many interventions may be proposed with
engineering responses and regulation being two of the most common.
Probably the most common individual response to perceived safety issues is insurance, which
compensates for or provides restitution in the case of damage or loss.

 STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS —
A number of standards organizations exist that promulgate safety standards. These may be voluntary
organizations or government agencies. These agencies first define the safety standards, which they
publish in the form of codes. They are also Accreditation Bodies and entitle independent third parties
such as testing and certification agencies to inspect and ensure compliance to the standards they
defined. For instance, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) formulated a certain
number of safety standards in its Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) and accredited TÜV
Rhineland to provide certification services to guarantee product compliance to the defined safety
regulations.

 INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM :

 Integrated Management System Policy —
(Health, Safety, Environment & Quality Policy)
 GAMMON is committed to create and deliver value to all its stakeholders.
 For us, compliance to applicable requirement is only the beginning.
 To ensure the well-being of all, we shall strive to achieve zero error.
 To co-exist in harmony with nature, we shall help sustain that balance.
 Our quest for excellence is addressed through improvement and innovation.
 We take pride in being BUILDERS TO THE NATION.
 Standards —
 OHSAS 18001: Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series.
 ISO 9001: Quality Management System (QMS)
 ISO 4001: Environmental Management System (EMS)
 IMS Audit —
 Internal Audit.
 External Audit.
 Safety Equipment —
(PPE - Personal Protective Equipment)
Safety Shoes, Safety Helmets, Full Body Hardness, Face Shield, gum boot, Hand Gloves, Safety Net,
Life Line, Fall Arrest System, Air Plug, Nose Mask.

 Some terms related to Safety —
 BOCW: Building and Other Construction Work
 TBT: Tool Box Top
 HIRAC: Hazard Identification Risk Assessment Report & Controls
 A & I: Environmental Aspect Impact
 PTW: Permit To Work System
 SSW: Safe System of Work System
 IMS: Integrated System Management
 PPE: Personal Protective Equipment
 DNVGL: Det Norske Veritas (Norway) and Germanischer Lloyd (Germany)

Execution
 Introduction —
New ISKCON temple project is the Asia’s biggest Hindu temple project and the 2nd largest
Hindu temple in the Asia. The total project is handled by GAMMON INDIA
CONSTRUCTION LTD. This is not a simple project but a gigantic project. Total building is
made by the RCC (Reinforce cement concrete) design and using durability and workability
power is more than M25 & M40.Total building stands over 2338 no. of pile foundation. The
weight caring capacity is higher than any other big project. The building is connected with
some expansion joints.
 We can divide the temple into three parts —
1. Main Temple
2. Planetarium
3. Narasingha Temple
Here using concrete grade is M30.This is made totally by RCC structure. Various types of
beams and columns are used for giving high load bearing capacity. Here normally used cross
beam, primary beam, secondary beam, rounded columns are used.
Some of the information of the ISKCON Temple Project is below —
 Slab height — 120mm (top)
 Slab height — 150mm (middle)
 Slab height — 200mm (landing)
 Diameter of the main dome — 64m
 Diameter of the secondary dome — 52m
 Steel used for domes — 334 metric ton
 Height of the temple without dome — 52m
 Total height of the Temple from G.L — 73m
 Height division — 5m,10m,18m,26m,34m,42m,46m,52m,72m
 Curing time — 1 day
 Factor of safety used for construct this building —2.5-3.0
 Square Column’s size — 900mm X 900mm
 Circular Column’s size — 1000mm
 Main Temple no. of Column — 24 nos.
 Small Square column’s size — 750mm X 750mm
 Concrete wall’s thickness — 250mm
 Stair case — (a) Riser = 150mm
(b)Trade = 250mm
 Ground slab is made by one way slab process.
 Without ground slab all over slab is made by two way slab process.
 Total building is connected with Expansion joints
 Used friction driven pile for foundation

Survey
 What Is Surveying —
Surveying is the technique of determining the three dimensional positions of points, including
the distances and angles between these points that are normally located on the surface of the
earth, but may also be located above or beneath the surface. Surveys are conducted for the
preparation of maps, plots, topography, and boundaries to establish ownership of land, and
used in the design, planning, and construction of any type of structure and communication
networks. Knowledge of geometry, mathematics, and law is applied in the field of surveying.
High accuracy optical and electromechanical equipment, including global positioning data
obtained from the satellites, is also used for surveying.
 History of Surveying —
Surveying is an important constituent that has been involved in the growth of the human
environment since the ancient era. In prehistoric Egypt, when the boundaries
of farms were washed out due to the overflow of the River Nile, the
surveyors restored the boundaries by the use of geometry. The perfect
north and south direction, and the accurate shape of a square of the
pyramid of Giza, confirm the existence of the science of surveying in the
period of 2700 BC. The corners of the pyramids of Egypt were set by
surveyors utilizing surveying tools and fundamental principles of
mathematics. The land surveyors existed as a profession during the era of
Romans, and they formed the measurement system, for geographical
identification of the sub-divisions of the Roman Empire.

In this project, Gammon India is using two methods for ISKCON temple project. Those two
methods are the easiest and most useful methods. That’s why GAMMON India is using these.
The two methods are —
A. Auto Level
B. Total Station

 Auto Level —
 Overview:
This guide presents a tutorial on how to setup and take elevation measurements using a tape
measure, auto level and rod. Auto level surveys are commonly used to complete cross-
sectional and longitudinal surveys. This method requires a minimum of two field personnel.
It is recommended that a basemap be generated (see Developing Fieldwork Basemaps) to
indicate locations of cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys. If no site elevation datum is
available, it is recommended that a ‘project datum’ be established (it is general convention
that these datums have a base value of +100) and clearly documented on the basemap.

 Equipment:
To complete your auto level survey you will need the following minimum equipment:
• Basemap
• Auto level
• Tripod (to mount the auto level)
• Rod (required to measure ‘elevations’)
• Tape measure (long tape measures, 100 or 300 feet, work best)
• Clipboard and pencils
• Digital camera (pictures can help you identify features within your cross-sections)
Be sure to fully inspect all of your field equipment prior to conducting your field work to
ensure that all equipment is in proper working order. Repairing and/or replacing defective
field equipment prior to venturing into the field will save you considerable time and
headache.
 Procedure:
Before starting your field work, you will want to conceptually map out how many cross-
sections (and the extents of the cross-sections) you may need, the extents of your longitudinal
survey, and any other physical measurements that will benefit your subsequent analyses. This
initial plan will aid in ensuring that you have collected sufficient data while in the field. The
plan will also assist you in determining the amount of time that will be required in the field.
It is strongly recommended that a reconnaissance visit to the project site is made prior to the
performance of any field work. This initial visit will allow you to become familiar with the
site, identify any access issues (such as locked gates, private property, etc.). It will also
provide you with an opportunity to assess the amount of vegetation onsite which may present
difficulties during your survey work. Your initial assessment of the site will better allow you
to estimate how much time will be required to complete the desired field work.
Once your conceptual field work plan has been developed and your initial site reconnaissance
is complete, it is time to start collecting data. As previously mentioned, the first step in
conducting your field work is to have a basemap developed for your site.
 The auto level survey will then be accomplished via the following steps:

1. Start at the project benchmark/datum. Since the primary measurement being recorded by
the auto level is elevation, you will want to make sure that your very first measurement
records this datum. This will be the basis for all your subsequent measurements.
2. Situate your auto level in a location where you can clearly see the project benchmark and
your first cross-section location. This will allow you to establish the elevation at the start of
your cross-section profile. If you do not have a clear line of sight from the benchmark to your
cross-section location, you will need to traverse (set up a temporary turning point that you
will survey in from the project benchmark with your first auto level setup) from the project
benchmark to the cross-section location using a turning point.

Levelling Bubble

Fine Adjustment Levelling Screws
Figure 1 – Use of a temporary turning point to maneuver around visual obstructions.
3. Once you have determined your auto level instrument setup location, setup the tripod (be
sure to firmly sink the tripod legs into the ground so the tripod will not ‘move’ during your
survey). Affix the auto level and level the tripod and auto level by adjusting first the tripod
legs to get the level bubble close to the ‘level circle.’ Fine levelling adjustments can be made
using the levelling screws on the auto level (Figure 2).
Figure 2 – Typical locations for the ‘levelling bubble’ and ‘fine adjustment’ screws.

4. Once your instrument has been setup, you will want to determine the elevation at the
horizontal line within the eyepiece. This will be foundation from which you will make your
future measurements. To establish your instrument elevation (Figure 3), set your rod on the
project datum (be sure your rod extends high enough so it is visible to the auto level). Read
the vertical distance from the rod; this distance when added to the project datum gives you
the elevation at the instrument centre. All future measurements will be subtracted from this
number to yield the surveyed ground elevation.
Figure 3 – Determination of the ‘Instrument Elevation
5. Once you have determined the elevation at the starting point of your cross section, you will
next need to extend your measuring tape across the alignment of your cross-section. You will
use the horizontal distance (measured from your tape measure) to calculate the cross-section
station (starting with station 0+00).
6. Before initiating the cross-section survey, be sure to start your cross-section field notes
sheet. You will want to identify the field personnel, the data, the equipment, and this will be
the location where you record the station and elevation readings (which will be subsequently
used to graph and plot your cross-sections). At a minimum, your field notes sheet should
have the following columns: Station, Rod Reading, Ground Elevation, Notes. The ‘notes’
column should be used to identify any special comments about the surveyed point, such as
‘boulder,’ ‘log,’ etc.
7. Once your tape measure has been stretched (with minimal sag) across your cross-section
alignment and your notes sheet has been set up, you’re ready to initiate your survey. At each
desired station, set the rod on the ground and rock it slightly back and forth. Since most field
rods do not have level bubbles installed on them to ensure that the rod is held perfectly level,
the slight rocking back and forth of the rod will allow the person at the auto level to more
accurately read the rod by recording the minimum number observed (which occurs when the
rod is ‘level’). Record the Station number (which is equivalent to the distance measured on
your tape measure, with the “0” place signifying hundreds and the “00” signifying tens, so for
example, 150 m would read as Station 1+50 and 54 m would read as Station 0+54).

Figure 5 – Gently rock the rod back and forth when surveying and record the
minimum observed value, this occurs when the rod is ‘level.’
8. When selecting surveying locations, you want to ensure that you are collecting a sufficient
number of points to adequately describe the topography of the cross section. You will be
drawing straight lines between your surveyed points, so keep that in mind when you are
conducting your survey work. Generally, complex sites require much more survey work than
simple sites with little topographic complexity. Also, be cognizant of how the information
you collect will be used. If your cross-sections are going to be incorporated into detailed
numerical models, you may need to collect more information than if very simple analyses
will be completed.
9. You may also want to record the water level in the cross-
section you are surveying. If you do record the water level, be
sure to note the date and time, as water levels vary with time.
10. At the conclusion of your survey, you may wish to install
monuments if you plan to re-survey in the future. Common
cross-section monuments are rebar lengths (~1 m) topped with
a plastic rebar cap. You may also want to photo-document
your cross-section which will aid in drafting your cross-
section.
11. The last step in the survey process is to ‘close out’ your
survey by re-measuring your starting elevation mark. This
ensures that no errors are introduced in your survey as a result of
movement of the auto level.
This same process is repeated for other cross-section locations or other types of elevation
surveys (such as a longitudinal profile surveys).

 Total Station —
 What is a Total Station:
Total station is a surveying equipment combination of Electromagnetic Distance Measuring
Instrument and electronic theodolite. It is also integrated with microprocessor, electronic data
collector and storage system. The instrument can be used to measure horizontal and vertical
angles as well as sloping distance of object to the instrument.
 Capability of a Total Station:
Microprocessor unit in total station processes the data collected to compute:
1. Average of multiple angles measured.
2. Average of multiple distance measured.
3. Horizontal distance.
4. Distance between any two points.
5. Elevation of objects and
6. All the three coordinates of the
observed points.
Data collected and processed in a Total
Station can be downloaded to computers
for further processing.
Total station is a compact instrument and
weighs 50 to 55 N. A person can easily
carry it to the field. Total stations with
different accuracy, in angle measurement
and different range of measurements, are
available in the market. The figure shows one such instrument manufactured by SOKKIA Co.
Ltd. Tokyo, Japan.

 Procedure:
1. First of all, attach the Total Station Machine with tri-pod stand and place it carefully
at the working position.
2. Then, centring the machine at the
Exact point.
3. After that, levelling should be done
very carefully. We can do levelling
by two processes. We can do it by
moving notches and fix the bubble at
centre. Or, we can do levelling by
electronic bubble (as shown in fig).
4. After fixing on the exact point (after
centring and levelling), tighten the
instrument properly.
5. Then, where another point will be
taken, set the prism there. When
placing the prism, we have to be very careful that prism is at exact 900
with the
horizontal line and the bubble at mid-point in the bubble tube, attached with that
prism.
[Measure > Set Prism > F1 > Take the measurement]
6. Then, set first point and last point.
[Survey > Edit > Set Point]
7. Then, set up the backside point.
[Survey > Backside Set Up > Set]
Set the OCC Point, BS Point, HI, HR. And see the result.
8. At last, measure all the points from that point.
[Survey > Observation > Measure]
 ERRORS, CORRECTIONS AND PRECAUTIONS —
Factors that might influence the occurrence of errors can be roughly divided into five classes:
instrument, personal, natural, random and systematic. The first three types of errors are
covered below.
 INSTRUMENT ERRORS:
Make adjustments at regular intervals and particularly before starting work on a control
survey. Make the adjustments under the most ideal conditions available, normally in the
highway yard or shop on an overcast day. Instruments requiring major adjustments should be
serviced at an authorized repair shop.
1. Collimation:
Collimation errors associated with total stations may be determined by following the
procedure outlined in the user’s manual. If either horizontal or vertical collimation errors are
found to be excessive, these errors should be eliminated by following proper procedures or
request the Construction Bureau arrange for adjustment at an authorized repair centre.

Horizontal collimation errors are compensated for if a position is turned (two direct and two
reverse observations on the back sight and the corresponding foresight). Vertical collimation
errors are important if only single face observations are utilized, as is the case for most
topographic surveys using the total station and data collector. Excessive vertical error will
affect elevations of all observed topographic points.
2. Plate Bubbles, Bull’s Eye Bubble and Optical Plummet:
Normal measuring procedures do not compensate for maladjustment of either the plate
bubble(s) or the optical plummet. These components must be checked more frequently than
others.
Check the optical plummets prior to commencing a control survey. Check the plate bubbles
routinely on each setup. If you detect error, adjust the bubbles for the mean of the error. The
bull’s eye bubble should be adjusted after the plate bubble. Refer to the manual supplied with
the instrument.
3. Parallax:
Parallax occurs when the focal point of the eyepiece does not coincide with the plane of the
cross hairs. The condition varies for each observer because the focal length depends in part
on the shape of the observer’s eyeball. Parallax is also a major concern in the optical
plummet.
Check for parallax every time you begin to operate a new instrument or one that has been
operated by someone else. Check the optical plummet on every setup, particularly if the HI is
significantly different from the last setup.
To check for parallax in the telescope, focus the telescope on some well-defined distant
object. Slowly move the head back and forth, about an inch from the eyepiece, while
watching the relationship of the object to the cross hairs. If the object appears to move,
parallax exists.
Parallax associated with the optical plummet can be checked in a similar manner to that of the
telescope.
To eliminate parallax, rotate the knurled eyepiece ring until the cross hairs are the thickest
and blackest, refocus and check for parallax as described earlier. If parallax still exists, repeat
the procedure.
 PERSONAL ERRORS —
1. Error in the Measurement of the HI and HS.
2. Setting Up the Instrument
3. Setting Sights
4. Pointing
5. Measuring Angles
6. Readings
7. Analysing Field Notes
 NATURAL ERRORS —
1. Differential Temperatures
2. Heat Waves
3. Phase
4. Refraction
5. Curvature and Refraction

 Advantages of Using Total Stations:
The following are some of the major advantages of using total station over the conventional
surveying instruments:
1. Field work is carried out very fast.
2. Accuracy of measurement is high.
3. Manual errors involved in reading and recording are eliminated.
4. Calculation of coordinates is very fast and accurate. Even corrections for temperature
and pressure are automatically made.
5. Computers can be employed for map making and plotting contour and cross-sections.
Contour intervals and scales can be changed in no time.
However, surveyor should check the working condition of the instruments before using. For
this standard points may be located near survey office and before taking out instrument for
field work, its working is checked by observing those standard points from the specified
instrument station.

Quality Control
For a construction project, quality control means making sure things are done according to
the plans, specifications and permit requirements. It is very important to have a good quality
control process on a project. Usually the contractor (or a third party) is responsible for
performing Quality Control (Q.C) which is ultimately just making sure that they are
completing the work safely and in compliance with the contract. Quality control during all
construction phases needs, and the utility system needs, to know what is being installed
while the work is being done.
 Quality control depends on the following —
 Contract but best practices require.
 The construction contract defines the quality standards and the QC testing requirements.
 The contractor must prepare a detailed quality control plan for each work detailing how
the quality standards will be achieved.
 The contract requires that the QC testing lab be validated by the approved source.
 Employs three phase inspection system.
 Preparatory: Before the work starts the QC manager conducts a meeting to go over all
the approved submittals, work plan, safety plan etc.
 Initial: As the work is beginning the QC manager conducts an inspection of the work to
make sure the work is being performed as planned and the crew s working safely and with
the correct material.
 Follow up: Throughout the work the QC manager conducts inspection as per contact
and as required.
 Document QC activities into a Management system which includes —
 Non Compliance Reports
 Request for information
 Change orders request
 Safety violations
 Daily field reports
 Test results
 Permits
 Close Documents
 QC plan-Testing program

 Products being used ISKCON Temple construction project by Gammon
India Ltd. —
 S.S Bar: 8mm, 10mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 25mm & s32mm.
 Concrete : M30
 Cement: Ordinary Portland Cement (Ultratech Cement WMY 40)
 Sand : Normal(Local)
 Aggregate: 10mm, 20mm.
 Water Coating: Mappe, Mapeben tape (for vertical joint)
 Brick : 2nd class (sona brick, sri Krishna)
 Admixture: Super Plasticizer
 K-2 Acid : To protect erection in steel
 Filler Rod : For Fusion welding
 ORIEN 115P,ORIEN 115PR,ORIEN 115D : For DP Check after welding
 Waterproof material : Purt top
 MIX DESIGN CALCULATION —
 Design Stipulations —
 Characteristic Compressive Strength : 30 N/mm2
required in field at 28 days
 Maximum size of Aggregates : 20 mm.
 Degree of Workability : 0.95 compacting factor
 Degree of Quality control : Very Good
 Type of Exposure : Severe
 Slump : 100 – 180 mm.
 Test Data Of Materials —
 Type of cement : Ordinary Portland cement (43 grade)
 Specific Gravity of Cement : 3.15
 Specific Gravity of —
1. Coarse Aggregates : 2.82
2. Fine Aggregates : 2.59
 Water Absorption of —
1. Coarse Aggregates : 0.68 %
2. Fine Aggregates : 1.29%
 Free (surface) Moisture of —
1. Coarse Aggregates : 0.26%
2. Fine Aggregates : 0.38%

 Sieve Analysis —
 Coarse Aggregates (20mm):
I.S SIEVE SIZE(mm) Percentage Passing (%) Permissible limit as per
I.S : 383 (%)
40 100 100
20 97 85-100
10 3 0-20
4.75 0 0-5
 Coarse Aggregate (10 mm):
I.S SIEVE SIZE(mm) Percentage Passing (%) Permissible limit as per
I.S 33(%)
12.5 100 100
10 93 85-100
4.75 7 0-20
2.36 1.56 0-5
 Fine Aggregates:
I.S SIEVE SIZE (mm) Percentage Passing (%) Remarks
4.75 98.74 Sand conforming to
zone –II
2.36 94.04 As per I.S -383-1970
1.18 70.26
0.600 39.04
0.300 17.17
0.150 0.52
 Target Mean Strength Of Concrete:
fck = 30 + (1.65 X 5) = 38.25 N/mm2
 Selection Of Water Cement Ratio:
From Fig. 1 of IS: 10262. Water cement ratio for target mean strength 38.25N/mm2
is 0.40
which is less than minimum water cement ratio of 0.45 prescribed in IS : 456 Table 5 for
M30 grade concrete in severe exposure.

 SELECTION & ADJUSTMENT OF SAND CONTENT :
From Table 4 of IS : 10262,for 20mm nominal maximum size of aggregate and sand
conforming to grading zone II, sand content as percentage of total aggregates by absolute
volume – 35 percent & water is 168 litres.
For changing in values in w/c, compacting factor and sand belonging to zone –II the
following adjustment required;
Change in condition
stipulated
Water adjustment
required
Sand adjustment
required
For decrease in w/c
(0.45 – 0.4)
0 -1%
For compacting factor
(0.95 – 0.85)
+4.5% 0
For sand conforming to
zone –II
0 0
TOTAL +4.5% -1%

Therefore required sand content as percentage of total aggregate by absolute volume
=> (35-1) = 34%
Required water content = 186+16 X 4.5 % =194 litres.
 Determination Of Cement & Water Content:
As per contract minimum cement content should be 400 kg/m3
. This is higher than the
minimum value of 320 kg/m3
for severe exposure M30 grade concrete prescribed in IS: 456
Table 5.
Cement content = 400 kg/m3
.
Water cement Ratio = 0.40
Water Content = 160 litre
As per mix design water content is 194 litres.
But, as per I.S : 10262, Minimum water content per meter cube of concrete for nominal
maximum size of agg. 20mm is 186kg, which is higher than proposed 160 Litres of water,
hence use of plasticiser is recommended to compensate less water and water is increased to
176 litres.
 Determination Of Coarse & Fine Aggregates:
Fine Aggregate (FA):
0.98 M3
= (176 + 400/3.15 + FA/0.34 X 2.59) X (1/1000)
F.A = (980 -176 - 127) X0.890 = 602.53 Kg, say 603 Kg.
Coarse Aggregates (CA):
0.98 M3
= (176 + 40/3.15 + CA/0.66 x 2.82) X (1/1000)
C.A = (980 -176 – 127) X 1.8612 = 1260 Kg

 Adjustment of water —
 Added for absorption by Coarse aggregate 0.68 % = (+) 8.57 L
 Added for absorption by Fine aggregates 1.29 % = (+) 7.78 L
 Deduction for surface moisture in CA 0.26 % = (-) 3.26 L
 Deduction for surface moisture in FA 0.38 % = (-) 2.29 L
TOTAL = (+) 10.8 L
Adjust quantity of water = (176 + 10.8) = 186.80 L
Adjustment of water for the increase in compacting = (+) 3%
Factor of 0.9 for High workability of slump 100-180mm
Correction required for workability more than 0.8
As per Table 4, IS: 10262
Quantity of water = 186.80 + (186.8 X 3%) = 192 Litre
 Adjustment in sand —
Mix looks to be under sand, hence 7% increase in sand quantity and deducted same amount
from coarse aggregates.
Sand Quantity after adjustment = 603 + 603 X 7% = 645 Kg
 Adjustment in Coarse Aggregates —
Coarse aggregate after adjustment = 1260 – (603 x 7%) = 1218 Kg
Proposed 55% of 20mm and 45% of 10mm
Quantity of 20mm aggregates = 669.9 Kg, Say 670 Kg
Quantity of 10mmm aggregates = 548 Kg
 Final Proportions Of Mix Design For Trial —
Cement 20mm 10mm Water Sand
400 Kg 670 Kg 548 Kg 192 Kg 645 Kg

 Admixture: SIKAMENT 581LT/4 (K2) @4.4 Kg/m3

DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE
AGGREGATE AS PER IS : 2386-1963 (PART-I) —
Project: CONTRUCTION OF SHRI CHITANYA CHANDRADOYA
MANDIR
Contractor: GAMMON INDIA LIMITED
Source of Sample: Batching Plant
Type of Aggregate: Natural Aggregate
Sand: Fine Aggregate
Weight of sample: 1150 gm.
Sieve
sizes
Weight
of
Retained
(gm.)
Weight
of cu.
Retained
(gm.)
% Wt.
Retained
% Wt.
cu.
Retained
% of
passing
IS-
383
Limit
zone
II
IS -
383
Limit
zone
III
Sum F.M
10 mm 0 0 0.00 0.00 100.00 100 100
4.75mm 26 26 2.26 2.26 97.74 90-00 90-
100
2.36mm 98 124 8.52 10.78 89.22 75-
100
85-
100
274.09 2.74
1.18mm 199 323 17.30 28.09 71.91 55-90 75-
100
600 285 608 24.78 52.87 47.13 35-59 60-79 Zone -
II
300 326 934 28.35 81.22 18.78 8-30 12-40
150 203 1137 17.65 98.87 1.13 0-10 0-10
Pan 13 1150 1.13 100.00 0.00

DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY OF AGGREGATES AS
PER IS : 2386 – 1963 (PART–III) —
MANDIR
Source of sample:   Batching Plant (Rampurhat)
Sand:   Fine Aggregate
Description Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Average
Kg/M3
Volume of Container in Litre (V) 3.003 3.003 3.003
Weight of Dry Roded Sample in Kg (A) 5.068 5.057 5.063 1686
Bulk Density in Kg/m3
(y) = A/V 1688 1684 1686

DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIEVE ANALYSIS OF
COARSE AGGREGATE AS PER IS : 2386 – 1963 (PART – I) —
MANDIR
Source of Sample: Batching Plant (Rampurhat & Shundar Pahari)
Type of Aggregate: Crushed
10 mm: Coarse Aggregate
Weight of Sample: 5000 gm.
Sieve
sizes
(MM)
Weight of
Retained
(gm.)
Weight of
Cu.
Retained
(gm.)
% Wt.
Retained
% Wt.
Cu.
Retained
% of
passing
IS : 383
Limit
Dust
%
12.5 0 0 0.00 0.00 100.0 100
0.4210 563 563 11.26 11.26 88.74 85-100
4.75 4109 4672 82.18 93.44 6.56 0-20
2.36 307 4979 6.14 99.58 0.42 0-5
pan 21 5000 0.42 100 0

DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY & WATER
ABSORPTION OF AGGREGATES AS PER IS : 2386 – 1963
(PART – III) —
MANDIR
Source of Sample: Batching Plant (River Saithiys)
Fine Aggregate (Sand):
SL.
No
1. Weight of saturated surface dry
(SSD) SAMPLE IN GM (C)
600 600 600
2. Weight of pycnometer, sample &
water in gm. (a)
1973 1970 1971
3. Weight of pycnometer, & water in
gm. (b)
1600 1600 1600
4. Weight of oven dry sample in gm.
(d)
59 589 590
5. Specific Gravity (s) =
{ d/c – (a-b)}
2.60 2.56 2.58 2.58
6. % of water Absorption =
{100 X ( c-d )/d}
1.52 1.87 1.69 1.70

DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY OF AGGREGATES
AS PER IS : 2386 – 1963 (PART –III) —
MANDIR
Source of Sample: Batching Plant (Rampurhat)
Coarse Aggregate (10 mm):
Volume of Container in Litre (v) 14.719 14.719 14.719
Weight of Dry Loose Sample in Kg
(A)
20.539 20.575 20.561 1397
Bulk Density in Kg/L (y) = (A/V) 1395 1398 1397
Bulk Density in Kg/M3
(y)= A / V

COARSE AGGREGATE (20 MM):
Kg/M3
Volume of Container in Litre (v) 14.719 14.719 14.719
Weight of Dry Loose Sample in Kg
(A)
22.019 22.023 22.040 1497
Bulk Density in Kg / M3
(y) = (A/V) 1496 1496 1497

(PART – III) —
MANDIR
Coarse Aggregate (10 mm)
SL.
No
(SSD) SAMPLE IN GM (C)
600 600 600
water in gm. (a)
1991 1992 1991
3. Weight of pycnometer, &
water in gm. (b)
1600 1600 1600
4. Weight of oven dry sample in gm
(d)
593 594 592
5. Specific Gravity (s) =
{ d/c – (a-b)}
2.84 2.86 2.83 2.84
{100 * ( c-d )/d}
1.18 1.01 1.35 1.18

(PART – III) —
MANDIR
Coarse Aggregate (20 mm)
SL.
No
(SSD) SAMPLE IN GM ( C )
600 600 600
water in gm. (a)
1991 1991 1992
3. Weight of pycnometer, & water in
gm. (b)
1600 1600 1600
4. Weight of oven dry sample in gm.
(d)
594 595 594
5. Specific Gravity ( s ) =
{ d/c – (a-b)}
2.84 2.85 2.86 2.85
{100 X ( c-d )/d}
1.01 0.84 1.01 0.95
DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT AS PER IS: 2386-1963
MANDIR
Source of Sample: B/P Bin (Saithiya)
Type of Aggregate: Natural
SL.
No
SAND WATER SILT %
SILT
AS PER CPWD SPECFICATION
(Cl: 3.1.3.2 )
ML ML ML SAND SHALL CONTAIN MORE THAN 8 %
OF SILT1 200 300 1.5 0.75
2 150 225 1.0 0.67
% OF AVERAGE SILT CONTENT 0.71

DETERMINATION OF pH VALUE OF WATER BY
ELECTRONIC pH METER —
MANDIR
Source of Sample: Batching Plant Tank Boar well

DETERMINATION OF BULKING (SAND) FINE AGGREGATES —
MANDIR
Source of Sample: Batching Plant (River Saithiys)
Time of Testing: 10.30 am
Fine Aggregate (sand)
SL.
NO
LOCATION pH
VALUE
AVG. pH
VALUE
ACCEPTENCE AS
PER IS : 456-2000
1. BOAR WELL FOR
BATCHING PLANT
7.6
7.5 Shall not be less than 62. BOAR WELL FOR
BATCHING PLANT
7.5
3. BOAR WELL FOR
BATCHING PLANT
7.5
SL.
No
DESCRIPTION Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3
1. Volume of sample in ML 200 200 200
2. Volume of Water + Sample in ML 179 180 180
3. % of Bulking 11.73 11.11 11.11
4. % of avg. Bulking 11.32

Plant
A concrete batching plant is a facility where the ingredients of concrete are mixed & blended
skillfully. Once the quality concrete is prepared it is transported to the site on a truck with a
revolving drum which is known as transit mixer. The concrete produced out of the concrete
batching plant is used in the foundations of building construction, paving materials for roads,
plumbing & piping in construction projects etc. So, from this you can make out how
important the use of concrete is in construction equipment. Concrete batching plant is used to
mix & blend cement, water, sand & aggregates to form quality concrete, without which any
construction project is not possible. It becomes necessary that the concrete batching plant is
efficient & speedy in order to complete a construction project as soon as possible. The
durability of a construction project highly depends on the quality of the concrete used in that
construction project. So, if you require a concrete batching plant for your construction
project, then you need to select with a lot of precision as the success & failure of your
construction project depends on the concrete used which is produced by a concrete batching
plant.
 Different Types of Concrete Batching Plants —
There are various types of concrete batching plants available to suit the specific needs of the
construction industry which are given below:
 Transit Mixers:
A transit mixer is a truck or trailer with a rotating drum which mixes & blends the concrete
while on transit. The transit mixer is very much beneficial for the construction sites which
require prompt delivery of freshly mixed concrete. Basically, there are two types of transit
mixers, truck mounted transit mixers & trailer mounted transit mixers. When the drum in the
transit mixer rotates clock-wise, the concrete is being prepared & when it rotates anti clock-
wise, it pours the concrete out of the drum.

 Concrete Pumps:
There can be many places in construction project where other construction equipment cannot
reach like on a high rise building or the middle of a long tunnel. In these places, if the concrete
is to be poured, then a concrete pump can be of great use. Advanced constructions have become
quite easier with the help of concrete pumps.
 Ready Mix Concrete Plant:
Ready mix concrete plant is a centralised factory or batching plant which is situated near the
construction project. The concrete is mixed in the ready mix concrete plant & then transported
through a truck or trailer to the construction site. This type of concrete batching plant is
advantageous for the construction projects where the requirement of concrete is continuous.

 Compact Concrete Batching Plant:
The compact concrete batching plant is used to prepare the concrete at the construction site
itself. It is used in the construction site where energy saving is the major requirement. It
occupies very little space & as it is located at the construction site itself, the concrete can be
supplied quickly. The compact concrete batching plant is well known for easy maintenance &
low running cost.

Planning and Billing
Engineering planning, design and construction of dams, barrages, pumping stations, etc., is
normally carried out with a high degree of efficiency. Sometimes, however, the smaller
structures, secondary channels, etc., used for aquaculture projects are badly made or omitted
entirely from engineering plans. In developing countries engineers have frequently neglected
these minor works, particularly those required at the farm level. To contractors they do not
mean much profit and they are dispersed and difficult to supervise.
It has been increasingly recognized that one of the major difficulties encountered in the
implementation of aquaculture development programmes in developing countries is proper
project preparation. Inadequate and poor preparation of projects has often caused the final
construction cost of the project to be much higher than estimated. The purpose of this lecture
is to present in simple form the various steps required in preparation of plans, estimates and
tender documents for projects and to describe some of the planning procedures that are used
in these processes.
Project preparation is usually considered to include all those activities short of a final
decision to implement. This process includes the following stages:
1. Identification of the project. At this stage, the production target based on a marketing
study, the species to be cultured and the systems of culture to be adopted, the
availability of a large enough drainable and accessible land area free from flooding and
having adequate soil conditions as well as adequate water source, must all be
investigated and determined.
2. Preparation of outline or feasibility plan of the project.
3. Preparation of detailed plan of the project.
4. Preparation of estimates of the project.
5. Preparation of tender documents of the project.
During each stage, a number of activities and analyses must be carried out and the findings
used to meet the requirements of the subsequent phase, until the project is finally completed.
 Types of Billing Plan —
Depending on the kind of business process you are carrying out, the system can automatically
propose one of two different types of billing plans:
 Periodic Billing: billing a total amount for each individual billing date in the plan. For
instance, if we are creating a rental contract, the system can propose a schedule of monthly
rental payments, according to the length and conditions of the contract.
 Milestone Billing: distributing the total amount to be billed over multiple billing dates in
the billing plan. For example, we can use a billing plan for billing a make-to-order item that
is assigned to a project in the Project System. When we enter the project-related make-to-
order item in the sales order (or assembly order), the system proposes a billing plan based on
milestones defined for networks in the project. As each milestone is successfully reached, the
customer is billed either a percentage of the entire project cost or simply a pre-defined
amount.

 Name Of Work: Construction Of “Sri Chaitanya Chandrodaya
Mandir & Indian Educational & Cultural Centre For
Iskcon”
 Time Allowed For Execution Of
Work:
24 Months
 Cost Of Tender Document: 50,000
 Earnest Money: Rs. 50 Lack
 Competent Authority To Decide
Any Cause Of Delay (Beyond
Contractor’s Control):
Architect
 Defect Liability Maintenance
Period:
12 Months From Final Bill Certificate
 Minimum Gross Amount Of
Interim Certificate:
5,00,00,000
 Secure Advance Against Supply
Of Material On Site (Only For
Steel & Cement):
70% Of Basic Price Of Material
 Insurance By The Contractor: 1. Contractor’s All Risk (CAR) Insurance Policy for
Tender Value.
2. Workman’s Compensation Insurance Policy.
3. Third Party Insurance Policy – Rs. 50 Lacks For
Any One Accidents Arising Out Of One Event Or
Rs. 5 Lack In Respect Of Any Person.
 Performance Guarantee (Bank): 5% Of The Contract Value In The Form Of B.G For
Contract Period.
 Mobilization Advance: Nil
 Escalation For Materials And
Labour:
Only For Steel And Cement
 Quantity Variation: As Per Project Requirement
 Water, Power And Royalties
Etc.:
To Be Arranged & Paid By The Contractor. In Case
Royalties Paid By ISKCON, The Amount Shall Be
Recovered From The Contractor.
 Interest: No Interest Is Payable On Delayed Payment

Store
A construction site has many materials at any one point. Most of them are usually in their
raw state, meaning that they will undergo some process before they can be input into the
building to perform a part of the building. They come in different forms & can be
categorized as below —
 FACTORY GOODS —
These are mostly of the shelf items; they are unique in the fact that they have unique storage
requirements.
 CEMENT —
The most important attribute to consider in the storage of cement is that fact that it reacts
chemically when in contact with moisture. For this reason, it should be kept under shade &
on a platform, away from excessive moisture.
 CERAMICS —
These include water closets, wash basins, tiles & the like. They are extremely delicate & will
easily break. This attribute is also shared with glass. They should therefore be properly
packaged in padded cartons & away from areas of much activity, usually under lock & key.
 IRONMONGERY —
These include locks, hinges, handles & the like. Owing to their small sizes, they are prone to
pilfering. These should also be kept well locked & only issued under strict accountability.
 RAW MATERIALS —
This category belongs to the main items like stone, ballast & sand. These are not prone to the
previous problems like weather & pilferage. However, they have one attribute that is being
bulky. They consume a lot of space on site & require a generous allocation of storage space.
 WORKSHOP FINISHED ITEMS —
This category also includes semi-finished items, for example in the case of timber. Items here
are usually ready for installing in the works & are mostly purpose made. Some may have
been imported from overseas & in their exact measurements. This means that damage or loss
of such will lead to a very expensive work of replacement. Examples here include fixtures,
timber, roofing materials etc. Storage is a very important part of site management. How
construction materials are delivered & dispatched determines how easily things flow. In
almost all cases, site space is usually restricted & as such, material storage should be very
well thought out. One thing to consider is that only the important & required materials &
items per time should be stored on site to minimize on the risks mentioned above. Records
should be kept in a very good accuracy of all materials required, ordered, delivered, accepted,
stored, dispatched, put to the works & any deficits.

Account
An account (in book-keeping) refers to assets, liabilities, income, expenses, and equity, as
represented by individual ledger pages, to which changes in value are chronologically
recorded with debit and credit entries. These entries, referred to as postings, become part of a
book of final entry or ledger. Examples of common financial accounts are sales, accounts
receivable, mortgages, loans, PP&E, common stock, sales, services, wages, and payroll.
A chart of accounts provides a listing of all financial accounts used by particular business,
organization, or government agency.
The system of recording, verifying, and reporting such information is called accounting.
Practitioners of accounting are called accountants.
 Accounting and Accountancy —
Accounting has variously been defined as the keeping or preparation of the financial records
of an entity, the analysis, verification and reporting of such records and "the principles and
procedures of accounting"; it also refers to the job of being an accountant.
Accountancy refers to the occupation or profession of an accountant, particularly in British
English.
 Accounting has several subfields or subject areas, including financial accounting, management
accounting, auditing, and taxation and accounting information systems.
 Financial Accounting —
Financial accounting focuses on the reporting of an organization's financial information to
external users of the information, such as investors, regulators and suppliers. It calculates and
records business transactions and prepares financial statements for the external users in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). GAAP, in turn, arises
from the wide agreement between accounting theory and practice, and change over time to
meet the needs of decision-makers.
This branch of accounting is also studied as part of the board exams for qualifying as an
actuary. It is interesting to note that these two professionals, accountants and actuaries, have
created a culture of being archrivals.
 Management Accounting —
Management accounting focuses on the measurement, analysis and reporting of information
that can help managers in making decisions to fulfil the goals of an organization. In
management accounting, internal measures and reports are based on cost-benefit analysis,
and are not required to follow the generally accepted accounting principle (GAAP). In 2014
CIMA created the Global Management Accounting Principles (GMAPs).

Management accounting produces future-oriented reports—for example the budget for 2006
is prepared in 2005—and the time span of reports varies widely. Such reports may include
both financial and non-financial information, and may, for example, focus on specific
products and departments.
 Auditing —
Auditing is the verification of assertions made by others regarding a payoff, and in the
context of accounting it is the “unbiased examination and evaluation of the financial
statements of an organization.”
An audit of financial statements aims to express or disclaim an opinion on the financial
statements. The auditor expresses an opinion on the fairness with which the financial
statements presents the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of an entity, in
accordance with the generally acceptable accounting principle (GAAP) and “in all material
respects.” An auditor is also required to identify circumstances in which the generally
acceptable accounting principles (GAAP) has not been consistently observed.
 Accounting Information Systems —
An accounting information system is a part of an organisation's information system that
focuses on processing accounting data.
 Tax Accounting —
Tax accounting in the United States concentrates on the preparation, analysis and
presentation of tax payments and tax returns. The U.S. tax system requires the use of
specialised accounting principles for tax purposes which can differ from the generally
accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for financial reporting. U.S. tax law covers four basic
forms of business ownership: sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and limited
liability company. Corporate and personal incomes are taxed at different rates, both varying
according to income levels and including varying marginal rates (taxed on each additional
dollar of income) and average rates (set as a percentage of overall income).

Administration
An account manager is a person who works for a company and is responsible for the
management of sales and relationships with particular customers. An account manager
maintains the company's existing relationships with a client or group of clients, so that they
will continue using the company for business.
 We can divide Account management in the following points:
 Security Management:
Security management is the identification of an organisation's assets (including information
assets), followed by the development, documentation, and implementation of policies and
procedures for protecting these assets.
 Vehicle Management:
The Vehicle Management System (VMS) is an application for the automotive industry. It
supports, in the area of Sales & Services, the business processes that you require as vehicle
importer when dealing with your original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and your dealers
in new and used vehicle sales.
 Staff Accommodation:
The staff of an organisation are the people who work for it.
 Staff Welfare:
'Staff welfare' is an all-encompassing term covering a wide range of facilities that are
essential for the well-being of your employees. At its most basic, every employer is required
by law to provide essential amenities such as toilets, wash stations and clean drinking water
for employees.
 Labour Management:
Currently the construction sector continues to experience rapid growth, these developments
affect the increased needs of the elements associated with the construction services sector,
one of which is labour. Workforce is one of the important elements that affect the continuity
and smooth implementation of construction projects. Availability of labours that have good
scales is a key factor to get a good quality product. Labour management in building
construction means controlling the manpower problems, improving labour productivity and
reducing time and cost overrun of projects. To improve the labour performance, there will be
needed a good labour management practices.

 Public Relation and All Government Officers:
Public Relations is a distinctive management function which helps establish and maintain
mutual lines of communication, understanding, acceptance and cooperation between an
organization and its publics; involves the management of problems or issues; helps
management to keep informed on and responsive to public opinion; defines and emphasizes
the responsibility of management to serve the public interest; helps management keep abreast
of and effectively utilize change, serving as an early warning system to help anticipate trends;
and uses research and sound and ethical communication as its principal tools.
 Leave Management:
Normally, Leaves are maintained using the attendance register for staff. The staff needs to
submit their leaves manually to their respective authorities. This increases the paperwork,
and maintaining notices in the records also increases the paperwork.
The main objective of the proposed system is to decrease the paperwork and help in easier
record maintenance by having a particular centralized Database System, where Leaves and
Notices are maintained. The proposed system automates the existing system. It decreases the
paperwork and enables easier record maintenance. It also reduces the chances of Data Loss.
 Attendance:
Attendance is the concept of people, individually or as a group, appearing at a location for a
previously scheduled event. Measuring attendance is a significant concern for many
organizations, which can use such information to gauge the effectiveness of their efforts and
to plan for future efforts.
 Salary:
A salary is a form of periodic payment from an employer to an employee, which may be
specified in an employment contract. It is contrasted with piece wages, where each job, hour
or other unit is paid separately, rather than on a periodic basis. From the point of view of
running a business, salary can also be viewed as the cost of acquiring and retaining human
resources for running operations, and is then termed personnel expense or salary expense. In
accounting, salaries are recorded in payroll accounts.
Salary is a fixed amount of money or compensation paid to an employee by an employer in
return for work performed. Salary is commonly paid in fixed intervals, for example,
monthly payments of one-twelfth of the annual salary.

WATER PROVING COURSE (MAPEI) DUST: LIQUID (1: 1) = MAPEI MIXING

VERTICAL JOINT WATER PROVING COURSE (MAPEI TAPE)
MAPEI

CUBES BLOCK (CURING TIME) CUBES MOULD (150MM X 150MM X 150MM)

CUBE TESTING BY COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TESTING MACHINE



MANNUAL CONCRETE MIXING MACHING WINTH (1 TON)



ROD CUTTER                                                                         ROD BENDER

BATCHING PLANT



     CEMENT CYLO

        CEMENT SUPPLY BY SCREW CONVEYER



TRANSIT MIXTURE

   TOWER CRANE

INNER PORTION STEEL SEGMENT OF DOME

SUTTERING WORK

Conclusion
The construction of any civil engineering structure is a very risky, costly & time
consuming process. The proper involvement of every member of the project is
required to make the project less risky & cost efficient within the safety limit.
Time is also a very important factor, more time consumed means the cost of
construction will be more. There must not be any type of misunderstanding; a
little mistake can result in serious consequences. Supervision work has to be
done regularly & authorities must check & recheck the progress of the project.
Estimators & accountants must make every possible endeavour to bring down
the building costs without compromising on quality & safety. The building
should have both aesthetic beauty & structural soundness. It is the duty of every
civil engineer to build an infrastructure that will benefit the society at large. The
construction of this temple will not only provide weary travellers a scope of
resting but also provide the local population a mode of employment &
livelihood. The construction work alone provided jobs to many workers & daily
labourers. Right from the foundation work to the erection work, there were a
number of scopes for the new workers to get into the project. During our time
spent into this marvellous project, we came to know about various sophisticated
& advanced technologies & projects which are being used in this project. & we
would like to give a hearty thanks to all members of Gammon India Limited for
giving us the opportunity to witness the wonderful construction of the Temple
of the Vedic Planetarium (TOVP), for this, we would like to offer our greatest
gratitude.

Project Report for ISKCON Temple Project

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to Project Report for ISKCON Temple Project

Similar to Project Report for ISKCON Temple Project (20)

Project Report for ISKCON Temple Project