The document provides an overview and analysis of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program. It describes the program's objectives to provide a stealth multirole fighter jet for the US and NATO allies. However, the program's ambitions have led to massive cost overruns, with the average cost per aircraft now three times more than initially estimated. Production and testing delays have also pushed back key milestones. While seeking to develop an advanced, multi-use fighter, the program faces challenges meeting affordability and schedule targets.
The document summarizes information about the F-35 Lightning II, a 5th generation international multirole fighter aircraft. It describes the three variants - the F-35A conventional takeoff and landing variant, the F-35B short takeoff and vertical landing variant, and the F-35C carrier variant. It highlights the aircraft's stealth capabilities, sensor fusion, advanced avionics, payload capacity, speed and range. It also discusses the global partnerships involved in developing and sustaining the aircraft.
Global HeavyLift States C-17 Production Must be Maintained: To Seek FAA BC-17...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Following previous releases in February 2006 and March 2007, Global Heavylift Holdings, LLC, a Florida incorporated and Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) listed entity with principal offices in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, will continue its pursuit of an USD18.4B capital raise to implement a US/NATO-controlled Heavy and Outsized (H&O) air cargo industry utilizing new and used modestly modified variants of C-17 for commercial missions, while still meeting USAF operational standards as part of Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) organic airlift augmentation. (GOOGLE SEARCH: Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC; also Commercial Application of Military Airlift Aircraft (CAMAA) )
Indian Air Force (IAF) Pending Order For 10 Boeing C-17s Not at Risk as Sugge...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Bloomfield Hills, MI, May 26, 2010 (PressReleasePoint) -- Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC, a Defense Logistics Agency (DLA www.ccr.gov) entity based in Michigan, believes it is appropriate to address, yet again, the continuing attacks, misstatements and outright analytical/factual errors carried by multiple media outlets globally against Boeing C-17. These are largely based on comments by Secretary of Defense Dr. Robert Gates, elements of the USAF, and others demanding an end to its production.
The drumbeat of anti-C-17 commentary in US, European, Indian, Pakistani and other global news mediums; a strike at Boeing Long Beach by union workers and the observably large leap in logic suggesting the Globemaster III will be terminated as a result, appear to be part of a well-coordinated effort -- again -- to render as self-fulfilling prophecy SECDEF Dr. Robert Gates' unfounded insistence on ending production of the world's most successful strategic/tactical airlifter.
This document provides an analysis of world air forces in 2013, including:
1) The US dominates with 27% of the total active fleet of over 51,000 aircraft, followed by Russia and China, though US numbers may decline due to budget cuts.
2) Conflicts in Afghanistan, Syria, and between Israel and Hamas highlighted the importance of air power during the year.
3) New Chinese and Russian fighter designs indicate those countries aim to challenge US technological superiority over time through aircraft production.
The document provides information on the F-35 Lightning II strike fighter program, including its vision, mission statement, and key attributes and capabilities. It describes the three variants - Conventional Take-Off and Landing (CTOL), Carrier Variant (CV), and Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing (STOVL) - and notes their commonality. It outlines requirements from the US and international partners and discusses how the F-35 enables true joint and coalition operations.
Boeing Analysis: Updated 6/01/10 Congress Approves Sale of 10+ C-17s to India...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Update 6/01/10: Congress Has Approved The Purchase of 10+ C-17s By India
Bloomfield Hills, MI, May 28, 2010 (PressReleasePoint-- UPDATE) -- Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC, a Defense Logistics Agency (DLA www.ccr.gov) entity based in Michigan, believes it is appropriate to address, yet again, the continuing attacks, misstatements and outright analytical/factual errors carried by multiple media outlets globally against Boeing C-17. These are largely based on comments by Secretary of Defense Dr. Robert Gates, elements of the USAF, and others demanding an end to its production.
The drumbeat of anti-C-17 commentary in US, European, Indian, Pakistani and other global news mediums; a strike at Boeing Long Beach by union workers and the observably large leap in logic suggesting the Globemaster III will be terminated as a result, appear to be part of a well-coordinated effort -- again -- to render as self-fulfilling prophecy SECDEF Gates' unfounded insistence on ending production of the world's most successful strategic/tactical airlifter.
This document discusses the importance of air dominance for the US military and argues that procuring 381 F-22 Raptors and 1,763 F-35 Lightning IIs is the required course of action. It notes that threats to air dominance are increasing as competitors develop new fighters and air defense systems. Maintaining aging US fighter fleets has high costs and risks. The F-22 and F-35 are presented as complementary systems needed to ensure air superiority and support ground forces against evolving threats now and in the future.
The document summarizes information about the F-35 Lightning II, a 5th generation international multirole fighter aircraft. It describes the three variants - the F-35A conventional takeoff and landing variant, the F-35B short takeoff and vertical landing variant, and the F-35C carrier variant. It highlights the aircraft's stealth capabilities, sensor fusion, advanced avionics, payload capacity, speed and range. It also discusses the global partnerships involved in developing and sustaining the aircraft.
Global HeavyLift States C-17 Production Must be Maintained: To Seek FAA BC-17...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Following previous releases in February 2006 and March 2007, Global Heavylift Holdings, LLC, a Florida incorporated and Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) listed entity with principal offices in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, will continue its pursuit of an USD18.4B capital raise to implement a US/NATO-controlled Heavy and Outsized (H&O) air cargo industry utilizing new and used modestly modified variants of C-17 for commercial missions, while still meeting USAF operational standards as part of Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) organic airlift augmentation. (GOOGLE SEARCH: Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC; also Commercial Application of Military Airlift Aircraft (CAMAA) )
Indian Air Force (IAF) Pending Order For 10 Boeing C-17s Not at Risk as Sugge...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Bloomfield Hills, MI, May 26, 2010 (PressReleasePoint) -- Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC, a Defense Logistics Agency (DLA www.ccr.gov) entity based in Michigan, believes it is appropriate to address, yet again, the continuing attacks, misstatements and outright analytical/factual errors carried by multiple media outlets globally against Boeing C-17. These are largely based on comments by Secretary of Defense Dr. Robert Gates, elements of the USAF, and others demanding an end to its production.
The drumbeat of anti-C-17 commentary in US, European, Indian, Pakistani and other global news mediums; a strike at Boeing Long Beach by union workers and the observably large leap in logic suggesting the Globemaster III will be terminated as a result, appear to be part of a well-coordinated effort -- again -- to render as self-fulfilling prophecy SECDEF Dr. Robert Gates' unfounded insistence on ending production of the world's most successful strategic/tactical airlifter.
This document provides an analysis of world air forces in 2013, including:
1) The US dominates with 27% of the total active fleet of over 51,000 aircraft, followed by Russia and China, though US numbers may decline due to budget cuts.
2) Conflicts in Afghanistan, Syria, and between Israel and Hamas highlighted the importance of air power during the year.
3) New Chinese and Russian fighter designs indicate those countries aim to challenge US technological superiority over time through aircraft production.
The document provides information on the F-35 Lightning II strike fighter program, including its vision, mission statement, and key attributes and capabilities. It describes the three variants - Conventional Take-Off and Landing (CTOL), Carrier Variant (CV), and Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing (STOVL) - and notes their commonality. It outlines requirements from the US and international partners and discusses how the F-35 enables true joint and coalition operations.
Boeing Analysis: Updated 6/01/10 Congress Approves Sale of 10+ C-17s to India...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Update 6/01/10: Congress Has Approved The Purchase of 10+ C-17s By India
Bloomfield Hills, MI, May 28, 2010 (PressReleasePoint-- UPDATE) -- Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC, a Defense Logistics Agency (DLA www.ccr.gov) entity based in Michigan, believes it is appropriate to address, yet again, the continuing attacks, misstatements and outright analytical/factual errors carried by multiple media outlets globally against Boeing C-17. These are largely based on comments by Secretary of Defense Dr. Robert Gates, elements of the USAF, and others demanding an end to its production.
The drumbeat of anti-C-17 commentary in US, European, Indian, Pakistani and other global news mediums; a strike at Boeing Long Beach by union workers and the observably large leap in logic suggesting the Globemaster III will be terminated as a result, appear to be part of a well-coordinated effort -- again -- to render as self-fulfilling prophecy SECDEF Gates' unfounded insistence on ending production of the world's most successful strategic/tactical airlifter.
This document discusses the importance of air dominance for the US military and argues that procuring 381 F-22 Raptors and 1,763 F-35 Lightning IIs is the required course of action. It notes that threats to air dominance are increasing as competitors develop new fighters and air defense systems. Maintaining aging US fighter fleets has high costs and risks. The F-22 and F-35 are presented as complementary systems needed to ensure air superiority and support ground forces against evolving threats now and in the future.
The F-35 program is making steady progress but faced challenges in 2014 including an engine failure that grounded the fleet temporarily. The program continues development, production, and fielding of the F-35 while working to address technical issues like the engine problem and improvements to the Autonomic Logistics Information System. International partners and foreign customers are participating in the program. The program remains on cost and schedule according to its rebaselined plan from 2011.
Vanguard Magazine - The Joint Strike Fighter: Driven By DataDragon029
The document discusses the capabilities of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter and argues it is a generational leap in technology compared to fourth generation fighters. It describes some of the F-35's classified sensors and systems, including its powerful AESA radar that can automatically fuse data from thousands of sensors. The F-35 pilot has access to near-perfect information from many sources and can operate as a tactician rather than technician. The F-35's array of sensors allow it to engage targets from long range while maintaining stealth.
Airica Walthall
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Program
APUS
March 12, 2017
Abstract*
Executive Program Managers are responsible for the outcome of programs. An effective program manager proactively plans programs and holds people accountable to his/her responsibilities. They must be effective in all areas of management to ensure that the program he/she manages stays on track and within the program guidelines. The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Program is an example of a program that faced many struggles that may have been avoided with an effective program manager. The Joint Strike Fighter is the most extensive military program in history costing an estimated 1.5 trillion dollars. There have been numerous development issues, cost overruns, and delays. In addition to these issues, there have been other concerns over the jets’ computer systems. It has been reported Chinese hackers successfully stole classified data that was later used to manufacture an indigenous jet that shares many of the characteristics of the F-35 (Pike, John 2012). Although these are issues are cause for the concern, the program continues. Today, the Air Force, Navy, Marine Corp are all testing their variants of the aircraft. That said, the military planners remain acutely aware of the plane's myriad of problems. This paper will examine the F-35 program. Discussion on its development failures, successes, and improvements will be evaluated to illustrate the importance of an effective executive program manager.
Introduction*
Global stability and security remain the goals of the US Military. The organization has been successful in its military operations by ensuring that they have control of the skies. The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter is designed to penetrate and defeat the most advanced military systems on land, at sea, and in the air. It is also designed to defeat emerging systems that are not yet in operation today. The everchanging technology of fighter aircraft around the globe from both allies and adversaries reinforces the need for the F-35’s new technologies and advances capabilities (Boyd, Ryan 2016). Through numerous partnerships around the world, the Joint Strike Fighter provides military forces with an unprecedented level of capability and support (Pike, John 2012). Today, America and its allies have smaller fleets of combat jets, and those jets, on average, are 25 years or older. Military planners around the world recognize the need to replace their aging fleets with modern aircraft, and the Joint Strike Fighter was designed for this very purpose. The Joint Strike Fighter Program is the largest military program in history. It will serve the United States Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corp, as well as America’s closest allies including the United Kingdom, Canada, Israel, Japan and others (Boyd, Ryan 2016).
Literature Review*
Boyd, Ryan. "F-35A Lightning II." Military.com. Ryan Boyd, n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2017
"Improvements Made to F-35 Fighter Jets after Troubling Audit." Reuters. T.
In order to support military operations, it is mostly employed for the airlift of soldiers and military hardware. Because of their use, they are also referred to in the market by the following names: military transport aircraft, military cargo aircraft, and airlift aircraft. The ability to perform both tactical and strategic missions makes military transport aircraft indispensable for maintaining supply routes to cutting-edge locations that are difficult to reach by land or sea.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
In 2023, the military aircraft fleet worldwide consisted of military transport aircraft. In the second half of 2021, major confrontations including those between Russia and Ukraine, India, China, and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as geopolitical and border challenges, characterised the worldwide security landscape. Global defence spending increased as a result of armed wars and internal security, with nations bolstering their military forces with new transport aircraft purchases.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
The market trends for transport planes suggest that technology that make cargo tracking easier will probably be a key factor in the expansion of this sector. The use of this technology is anticipated to propel the application of real-time communication, enabling armed forces throughout the globe to track the arrival and departure of their equipment. Market trends for transport aircraft. analysis of the transport aircraft market, Because of the contracts and agreements that governments from all over the world have made with defence aircraft manufacturers to offer new aircraft carriers and essential aftersales services to the present fleet, the worldwide market for transport aircraft is expanding.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
A vital part of warfighting activities is the military transport aircraft, which makes sure that troops, guns, and other equipment are delivered. Along with a wide range of other crucial functions, these aircraft also conduct aerial refuelling, intelligence collection, and rescue missions. Because many nations invest large sums of money in the purchase of defence equipment, spending on military transport aircraft is rising quickly worldwide.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
Military transport planes are essential for ensuring that troops, ammunition, and other supplies are available during combat operations. These aircraft provide a variety of essential functions, including information collecting, aerial refuelling, and rescue operations. The significant investments that numerous countries have made in defence equipment have resulted in a rapid increase in the demand for military transport aircraft.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
During combat operations, military transport aircraft are crucial in guaranteeing the availability of soldiers, ammunition, and other military supplies. These planes carry out a number of vital tasks, such as information gathering, aerial refuelling, and rescue missions. The need for military transport aircraft is rising quickly due to the large investments made by several nations in defence equipment.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
1) The document discusses depot-level maintenance of the F-35 aircraft program, which is DoD's most costly program with plans to acquire 2,470 aircraft totaling $64 billion in R&D and $281 billion in procurement costs along with $669 billion in lifetime operating and support costs.
2) Previous DoD fighter aircraft like the F-15, F-16, F/A-18 had different approaches to depot maintenance either on a calendar basis or modification basis with intervals varying from 2-6 years and durations of depot visits also varying.
3) Upcoming decisions around the F-35 program include determining the appropriate scheduling of depot maintenance, how frequent and intensive it should be between variants
[Invbots' Insight] Investment Strategy - US Defense Sector Invbots Limited
Given that the escalating global geopolitical risk, such as threats from North Korea and Middle East, many countries are now increasing their defence budget and are spending huge sums in advanced military products procurement.
Invbots has analysed some of the key US defense giants’ fundamentals, constructed financial models to project earnings, and developed corresponding investment strategies in regard to US defense sector.
You may also view our presentation here:
https://youtu.be/rN5Ba5YJe5Q
InvBots.com (Invest Bots Limited), is a fast growing fin-tech with clear vision, game-changing strategies and extensive experience, network in global financial industry.
The F-22 fleet faces challenges to meet increasing operational demands due to low aircraft availability. A partnership between the Air Force Sustainment Center, Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, and Lockheed Martin was formed to reduce F-22 depot flow times by 30% by the end of 2016. They conducted rapid improvement events to identify opportunities to optimize, change, and revolutionize F-22 depot processes. Early successes included streamlining low observable coating processes, engineering disposition times, and developing robotic intake coating systems. These changes aim to increase F-22 aircraft availability and sustainment for future operations.
The document discusses the capabilities and threats posed by commercial unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) like the DJI Phantom 3. It notes that their ease of use, reliability, and accessibility have made them popular tools for reconnaissance and intelligence gathering for militaries and terrorist groups. Specifically, the Phantom 3 has a transmission range of up to 5 kilometers, 25 minutes of flight time, and can carry cameras and payloads while retaining simple and intuitive controls. The document recommends increasing consideration of how adversaries could leverage commercial UAVs for tactical advantages.
Director, office of test and evaluation, 2013 report on Lockheed Martin F-35 Stephen Trimble
This document summarizes test and development progress on the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program through October 2013. It reports that flight testing exceeded planned targets year-to-date for all variants. It also details ongoing issues with the F-35B variant related to its lift fan, doors, and other components and the progress being made to address these problems. Availability rates for the fleet remain below targets due to reliability and maintainability shortfalls. The Autonomic Logistics Information System and technical data requirements are still works in progress. Testing continues on integrating the F-35B and F-35C variants onto aircraft carriers.
Global HeavyLift States C-17 Production Must be Maintained: To Seek FAA BC-17...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Firm Also Reveals Theft of Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System, and Possible Compromising of F-22 and C-17 Technology, by China
Following previous releases in February 2006 and March 2007, Global Heavylift Holdings, LLC, a Florida incorporated and Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) listed entity with principal offices in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, will continue its pursuit of an USD18.4B capital raise to implement a US/NATO-controlled Heavy and Outsized (H&O) air cargo industry utilizing new and used modestly modified variants of C-17 for commercial missions, while still meeting USAF operational standards as part of Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) organic airlift augmentation. (GOOGLE SEARCH: Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC; also Commercial Application of Military Airlift Aircraft (CAMAA) )
Sensor Technology and Futuristic Of Fighter Aircraft IJERA Editor
The Next Generation fighter Aircraft seeks a fighter with higher abilities in areas such as reach, persistence,
survivability, net-centricity, situation awareness, human system integration and weapons effects. The future
system will have to counter foe armed with next generation advanced electronic attack, sophisticated integrated
air defense systems, directed energy weapons, passive detection, integrated self-protection and cyber-attack
capabilities. It must be capable to operate in the anti-access area-denial (A2/AD) environment that will exist in
the next coming years.
The document summarizes the status of the F-35 Lightning II program as of December 13, 2013. It provides details on flight testing statistics for the different F-35 variants, the current fleet status with numbers of aircraft delivered and stationed at different bases, highlights from the last two months of testing and development, planned quantities to be purchased by different countries, funding information, and specifications of the F-35A, B, and C variants. Over 7,400 flights have been conducted since 2006 testing 87 delivered aircraft across several nations with billions in funding supporting low rate production lots.
The global military rotorcraft market 2013 2023 - Reports CornerReports Corner
Product Synopsis
This report is the result of SDI's extensive market and company research covering the global rotorcraft industry. It provides detailed analysis of both historic and forecast global industry values, factors influencing demand, the challenges faced by industry participants, analysis of the leading companies in the industry, and key news.
https://www.reportscorner.com/reports/27221/The-Global-Military-Rotorcraft-Market--2013-2023/
Company Analysis - Renault Trucks Defense valued at 772 million euros ? Misovsky2013
- The document analyzes the valuation of Renault Trucks Defense (RTD), a French manufacturer of military vehicles.
- RTD is expected to benefit significantly from the multi-billion euro Scorpion program to modernize French army vehicles between 2018-2031.
- The analysis uses a discounted cash flow valuation method to estimate RTD's value at 772 million euros, based on forecasts of revenue growth up to 15% annually through 2020 driven by the Scorpion program, followed by stable 5% growth.
Equipment Analysis - MBDA UK and its Common Anti-Air Modular Missile (CAMM) Misovsky2013
The document discusses MBDA UK and its Common Anti-Air Modular Missile (CAMM) system. It provides an overview of MBDA, describing it as a multinational missile manufacturer owned by Airbus, BAE Systems, and Leonardo. It then focuses on MBDA's CAMM system, including the Sea Ceptor naval variant, its specifications, common elements shared with other MBDA missiles, and its history of development and trials from 2004 to 2014.
More Related Content
Similar to Programme Analysis - JSF F-35 from Lockheed Martin
The F-35 program is making steady progress but faced challenges in 2014 including an engine failure that grounded the fleet temporarily. The program continues development, production, and fielding of the F-35 while working to address technical issues like the engine problem and improvements to the Autonomic Logistics Information System. International partners and foreign customers are participating in the program. The program remains on cost and schedule according to its rebaselined plan from 2011.
Vanguard Magazine - The Joint Strike Fighter: Driven By DataDragon029
The document discusses the capabilities of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter and argues it is a generational leap in technology compared to fourth generation fighters. It describes some of the F-35's classified sensors and systems, including its powerful AESA radar that can automatically fuse data from thousands of sensors. The F-35 pilot has access to near-perfect information from many sources and can operate as a tactician rather than technician. The F-35's array of sensors allow it to engage targets from long range while maintaining stealth.
Airica Walthall
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Program
APUS
March 12, 2017
Abstract*
Executive Program Managers are responsible for the outcome of programs. An effective program manager proactively plans programs and holds people accountable to his/her responsibilities. They must be effective in all areas of management to ensure that the program he/she manages stays on track and within the program guidelines. The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Program is an example of a program that faced many struggles that may have been avoided with an effective program manager. The Joint Strike Fighter is the most extensive military program in history costing an estimated 1.5 trillion dollars. There have been numerous development issues, cost overruns, and delays. In addition to these issues, there have been other concerns over the jets’ computer systems. It has been reported Chinese hackers successfully stole classified data that was later used to manufacture an indigenous jet that shares many of the characteristics of the F-35 (Pike, John 2012). Although these are issues are cause for the concern, the program continues. Today, the Air Force, Navy, Marine Corp are all testing their variants of the aircraft. That said, the military planners remain acutely aware of the plane's myriad of problems. This paper will examine the F-35 program. Discussion on its development failures, successes, and improvements will be evaluated to illustrate the importance of an effective executive program manager.
Introduction*
Global stability and security remain the goals of the US Military. The organization has been successful in its military operations by ensuring that they have control of the skies. The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter is designed to penetrate and defeat the most advanced military systems on land, at sea, and in the air. It is also designed to defeat emerging systems that are not yet in operation today. The everchanging technology of fighter aircraft around the globe from both allies and adversaries reinforces the need for the F-35’s new technologies and advances capabilities (Boyd, Ryan 2016). Through numerous partnerships around the world, the Joint Strike Fighter provides military forces with an unprecedented level of capability and support (Pike, John 2012). Today, America and its allies have smaller fleets of combat jets, and those jets, on average, are 25 years or older. Military planners around the world recognize the need to replace their aging fleets with modern aircraft, and the Joint Strike Fighter was designed for this very purpose. The Joint Strike Fighter Program is the largest military program in history. It will serve the United States Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corp, as well as America’s closest allies including the United Kingdom, Canada, Israel, Japan and others (Boyd, Ryan 2016).
Literature Review*
Boyd, Ryan. "F-35A Lightning II." Military.com. Ryan Boyd, n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2017
"Improvements Made to F-35 Fighter Jets after Troubling Audit." Reuters. T.
In order to support military operations, it is mostly employed for the airlift of soldiers and military hardware. Because of their use, they are also referred to in the market by the following names: military transport aircraft, military cargo aircraft, and airlift aircraft. The ability to perform both tactical and strategic missions makes military transport aircraft indispensable for maintaining supply routes to cutting-edge locations that are difficult to reach by land or sea.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
In 2023, the military aircraft fleet worldwide consisted of military transport aircraft. In the second half of 2021, major confrontations including those between Russia and Ukraine, India, China, and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as geopolitical and border challenges, characterised the worldwide security landscape. Global defence spending increased as a result of armed wars and internal security, with nations bolstering their military forces with new transport aircraft purchases.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
The market trends for transport planes suggest that technology that make cargo tracking easier will probably be a key factor in the expansion of this sector. The use of this technology is anticipated to propel the application of real-time communication, enabling armed forces throughout the globe to track the arrival and departure of their equipment. Market trends for transport aircraft. analysis of the transport aircraft market, Because of the contracts and agreements that governments from all over the world have made with defence aircraft manufacturers to offer new aircraft carriers and essential aftersales services to the present fleet, the worldwide market for transport aircraft is expanding.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
A vital part of warfighting activities is the military transport aircraft, which makes sure that troops, guns, and other equipment are delivered. Along with a wide range of other crucial functions, these aircraft also conduct aerial refuelling, intelligence collection, and rescue missions. Because many nations invest large sums of money in the purchase of defence equipment, spending on military transport aircraft is rising quickly worldwide.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
Military transport planes are essential for ensuring that troops, ammunition, and other supplies are available during combat operations. These aircraft provide a variety of essential functions, including information collecting, aerial refuelling, and rescue operations. The significant investments that numerous countries have made in defence equipment have resulted in a rapid increase in the demand for military transport aircraft.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
During combat operations, military transport aircraft are crucial in guaranteeing the availability of soldiers, ammunition, and other military supplies. These planes carry out a number of vital tasks, such as information gathering, aerial refuelling, and rescue missions. The need for military transport aircraft is rising quickly due to the large investments made by several nations in defence equipment.https://aviationanddefensemarketreports.com/product/global-military-transport-aircraft-market/
1) The document discusses depot-level maintenance of the F-35 aircraft program, which is DoD's most costly program with plans to acquire 2,470 aircraft totaling $64 billion in R&D and $281 billion in procurement costs along with $669 billion in lifetime operating and support costs.
2) Previous DoD fighter aircraft like the F-15, F-16, F/A-18 had different approaches to depot maintenance either on a calendar basis or modification basis with intervals varying from 2-6 years and durations of depot visits also varying.
3) Upcoming decisions around the F-35 program include determining the appropriate scheduling of depot maintenance, how frequent and intensive it should be between variants
[Invbots' Insight] Investment Strategy - US Defense Sector Invbots Limited
Given that the escalating global geopolitical risk, such as threats from North Korea and Middle East, many countries are now increasing their defence budget and are spending huge sums in advanced military products procurement.
Invbots has analysed some of the key US defense giants’ fundamentals, constructed financial models to project earnings, and developed corresponding investment strategies in regard to US defense sector.
You may also view our presentation here:
https://youtu.be/rN5Ba5YJe5Q
InvBots.com (Invest Bots Limited), is a fast growing fin-tech with clear vision, game-changing strategies and extensive experience, network in global financial industry.
The F-22 fleet faces challenges to meet increasing operational demands due to low aircraft availability. A partnership between the Air Force Sustainment Center, Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, and Lockheed Martin was formed to reduce F-22 depot flow times by 30% by the end of 2016. They conducted rapid improvement events to identify opportunities to optimize, change, and revolutionize F-22 depot processes. Early successes included streamlining low observable coating processes, engineering disposition times, and developing robotic intake coating systems. These changes aim to increase F-22 aircraft availability and sustainment for future operations.
The document discusses the capabilities and threats posed by commercial unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) like the DJI Phantom 3. It notes that their ease of use, reliability, and accessibility have made them popular tools for reconnaissance and intelligence gathering for militaries and terrorist groups. Specifically, the Phantom 3 has a transmission range of up to 5 kilometers, 25 minutes of flight time, and can carry cameras and payloads while retaining simple and intuitive controls. The document recommends increasing consideration of how adversaries could leverage commercial UAVs for tactical advantages.
Director, office of test and evaluation, 2013 report on Lockheed Martin F-35 Stephen Trimble
This document summarizes test and development progress on the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program through October 2013. It reports that flight testing exceeded planned targets year-to-date for all variants. It also details ongoing issues with the F-35B variant related to its lift fan, doors, and other components and the progress being made to address these problems. Availability rates for the fleet remain below targets due to reliability and maintainability shortfalls. The Autonomic Logistics Information System and technical data requirements are still works in progress. Testing continues on integrating the F-35B and F-35C variants onto aircraft carriers.
Global HeavyLift States C-17 Production Must be Maintained: To Seek FAA BC-17...GLOBAL HEAVYLIFT HOLDINGS
Firm Also Reveals Theft of Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System, and Possible Compromising of F-22 and C-17 Technology, by China
Following previous releases in February 2006 and March 2007, Global Heavylift Holdings, LLC, a Florida incorporated and Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) listed entity with principal offices in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, will continue its pursuit of an USD18.4B capital raise to implement a US/NATO-controlled Heavy and Outsized (H&O) air cargo industry utilizing new and used modestly modified variants of C-17 for commercial missions, while still meeting USAF operational standards as part of Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) organic airlift augmentation. (GOOGLE SEARCH: Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC; also Commercial Application of Military Airlift Aircraft (CAMAA) )
Sensor Technology and Futuristic Of Fighter Aircraft IJERA Editor
The Next Generation fighter Aircraft seeks a fighter with higher abilities in areas such as reach, persistence,
survivability, net-centricity, situation awareness, human system integration and weapons effects. The future
system will have to counter foe armed with next generation advanced electronic attack, sophisticated integrated
air defense systems, directed energy weapons, passive detection, integrated self-protection and cyber-attack
capabilities. It must be capable to operate in the anti-access area-denial (A2/AD) environment that will exist in
the next coming years.
The document summarizes the status of the F-35 Lightning II program as of December 13, 2013. It provides details on flight testing statistics for the different F-35 variants, the current fleet status with numbers of aircraft delivered and stationed at different bases, highlights from the last two months of testing and development, planned quantities to be purchased by different countries, funding information, and specifications of the F-35A, B, and C variants. Over 7,400 flights have been conducted since 2006 testing 87 delivered aircraft across several nations with billions in funding supporting low rate production lots.
The global military rotorcraft market 2013 2023 - Reports CornerReports Corner
Product Synopsis
This report is the result of SDI's extensive market and company research covering the global rotorcraft industry. It provides detailed analysis of both historic and forecast global industry values, factors influencing demand, the challenges faced by industry participants, analysis of the leading companies in the industry, and key news.
https://www.reportscorner.com/reports/27221/The-Global-Military-Rotorcraft-Market--2013-2023/
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Programme Analysis - JSF F-35 from Lockheed Martin
1. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C - CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3 - France
Programme Analysis
JSF F-35 from Lockheed Martin
OIDA Strategic Intelligence - SASU au capital de 6.000 euros – n° SIRET 81989369400011
Porte de l’Arénas, Hall C – CS13326, 455 Promenade des Anglais – 06206 Nice Cedex 3 – France – Tel : 07.84.31.97.98
OIDA Strategic Intelligence Case Study
2. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C - CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3 - France
OVERVIEW
Referred to as the most expensive weapons programme in United States history, the $1.4 trillion Joint
Strike Fighter programme1, widely known as the F-35, has been arousing a fervency in defence circles
in the U.S. and abroad. Yet, a dispassionate analysis of the programme is now more blatantly needed
than ever before.
ANALYSIS
General Case
The unabated programme’s ambitious objective was to provide U.S. and NATO air forces with a state
of the art fighter jet capable of overriding any kind of air or land opposition, which would deny western
forces air supremacy over a battlefield. Designed in the aftermath of the Cold War, the F-35
programme answers to a couple of priorities with its cutting-edge capabilities crafted under the
guidance of Lockheed Martin (prime contractor), Pratt & Whitney (for the engines), and thousands of
subcontractors.
The first priority is the optimisation of a wide array of new electronic potentialities to dramatically
extend the range of its missions whilst reducing the probability of losses during engagement against a
fair nuclear adversary. The stealth airframe purposefully allows F-35 pilots to sneak into enemy
airspace and strike Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) defences while constantly remaining out of reach to
any air or ground retaliation thanks to its low radar signature and exceptionally wide missile range.
Besides this, the F-35 also engages new century technologies by setting up an extended digitalisation
of the battlefield. The pilot’s understanding of the battle space is improved due to six optronic sensors
placed at the edges of the aircraft, which collect 360° visuals displayed on the helmet to provide a
sharper view of the battlefield. The connected helmet also offers enhancement of the squadron’s
operating efficiency by matching targets identified by one aircraft onto another’s pilot’s helmet display
system. The Multifunction Advanced Data Link (MADL) system also allows the pilot to embrace an
extended view of the battlefield aggregating data from allied planes, ships, or satellite devices. The
battle space digital mapping tremendously enhances the interoperability of the fighter jet (theoretically
with all 5th generation aircraft and NATO standard communication devices) and its combat capabilities,
strengthening F-35 squadrons efficiency in completing missions.
The second developmental axis of the JSF programme, aims at obtaining an “all in one”, omnirole
fighter jet, designed to achieve a broad scope of missions from Close Air Support (CAS), homeland
protection, battle space aerial supremacy, in-depth strikes on SAM defences to carrying nuclear
missiles to ensure U.S. deterrence. These full scope aircraft capabilities and the operational leeway
they represent for the U.S. Air Force (USAF) hastened the adoption of the F-35 to replace legacy
fighters now deemed obsolete. In other words, the JSF programme was designed to retire the Air
Force’s F-16 and A-10, the Navy’s F/A-18, and the Marine Corps Harriers to be replaced by three
dedicated variants:
1
http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/the-f-35-14-trillion-dollar-national-disaster-19985?page=show
4. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Israel, Japan, and South Korea have signed on as foreign military sales (FMS) customers.2
Procurement amounts for international partners and FMS are still subject to fluctuations, but the
current estimation lays around 612 units (mostly F-35A’s).
As for U.S. aircraft orders forecast, the 1996 programme totalled the F-35 order at 3,000 aircraft.3 In
2001, the overall procurement programme amounted to 2,866 units,4 but in 2012 it was reduced to
2,457 including 14 R&D aircraft and others dispatched to the three armies according to the above-
mentioned figures.
Table 1: Overall U.S. Production Forecast Evolution
1996 2001 2012
F-35A 2,036 1,763 1,763
F-35B 580 609 340
F-35C 380 480 360
Total Production Expected 3,000 2,866 2,457
Source: Annual Report, Company Website, Primary, and Secondary Research OIDA Strategic Intelligence
The JSF programme was officially launched in October 2001 and the concurrency production phase
was initiated in 2007 with the first two F-35A produced. Eight years later on July 31, 2015, the F-35B
STOVL Initial Operational Capability (IOC) was declared for a squadron of 10 units, however the
fighter jets were not trusted to be fully deployed in operational theatres and continued carrying out
training missions just as they did before IOC. Indeed, this term falls more under political
communication requirements than providing the aircraft with a real “battle proof” status. The F-35A
declared IOC on August 2, 2016 for the Air Force’s first squadron. The F-35C’s IOC is indicated to be
around 2018 according to a 2016 Congress Service Report. These new dates represent a delay of five
to six years from the programme’s initial baseline dates.
In a nutshell, the F-35 programme tackled head on two main challenges raised by the U.S.
Department of Defense (DoD) - providing a mass produced, multipurpose, and multi-army fighter jet
resolutely rooted in the digital era, and successfully broaching the pertaining tactical and operational
specifications, which are deemed essential. However, paradoxically, the ambition of utilisation and
technological improvements, which were its main assets, also represent the programme’s stumbling
blocks of how a programme initially targeting full rate production for 2015 would hardly manage to get
through its testing phase by 2021.
Cost Overruns
Initially, during its rough outline setting in the 1990’s, the JSF Programme was supposed to develop
and field an affordable, highly common family of next generation strike aircraft for the U.S. Navy, Air
Force, Marine Corps, and allies. However, while the first budget plan forecasts for the F-35 were
estimated at $32.7 million each in 19945 ($53.75 million in 2017), the average price has now rose
threefold and is far from alleviating concerns that affordability is an out of reach utopia.
2
F-35 JOINT STRIKE FIGHTER, Continued Oversight Needed as Program Plans to Begin Development of New Capabilities,
U.S. Government Accountability Office, N°GAO-16-390, 14 April 2016, p. 1;
3
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background, Status and Issues, Congressional Research Service Report for
Congress, 02 June 2006, p. 8-9;
4
F-35, Selected Acquisition Report, 31 December 2010, p. 16;
5
Medium estimate with 1994’s affordability goals per aircraft. F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background, Status and
Issues, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 02 June 2006, p. 24;
6. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
On March 20, 2010, only three years after production was launched, the DoD formally announced that
the JSF programme had exceeded the cost increase limits specified in the Nunn-McCurdy cost
containment law (25% breach), as average procurement unit costs in FY2002 dollars had grown 57%
to 89% over the original programme baseline. Therefore, to avoid the programme from coming to a
halt, the DoD had to provide Congress with convincing elements to convince it of the utmost necessity
of the JSF programme for U.S. security. Exceeding costs are mostly due to unforeseen technology
and component issues, however the initially fixed timeline proved to be overambitious and contributed
to runaway costs.6
Figure 2: F-35 (All Variants) Procurement Unit Cost (Annual Procurement Costs Only, in $
million)
Source: FY 2008-2017 “Programme Acquisition Costs By Weapons Systems”, Office of the Undersecretary of Defense
(Comptroller). FY 1994 numbers from the “F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Programme: Background, Status, and Issues”
06/02/2006 expressed in 2017 $. 2017 values are estimated from DoD FY budget request.
Even though a cutting-edge technological asset like the F-35 has a price, no one expected this price to
be such an enormous financial burden for the U.S. and its allies with unitary cost overruns exceeding
three times the initial unit price in 2016. As shown in the chart above, the average yearly cost for a
single, generic F-35 even reached a paramount drifting of 346% in 2009 and still represents in 2016
an over-pricing of 220.8%.
High Prices Explanation
A Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) exists in every DoD project and stands for the first years of a
programme’s production phase. The LRIP takes place straight after the first developmental phase after
which the programme is approved and production launched. Here however, development was not
conducted beforehand but merged with the production phase (this is called a concurrency programme
pattern). Then, a further battery of tests is still to be conducted to fix the residual or newly discovered
issues on the few jets produced.
The LRIP and the tests thereof, aim at reaching as fast as possible the Full Range Production (FRP)
stage in which the development of the aircraft is over and its production line can be automated to
increase significantly the volume of production and reduce the per unit procurement price for clients
due to production improvements. For Joint Strike office heads, it was initially meant to begin in 2015.
6
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 18 July 2016, p. 9;
7. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Table 2: U.S. Procurement Book
Fiscal Years Lot Version
F-35A F-35B F-35C Total
N° Tot N° Tot N° Tot N° Tot
Historicals
FY-2007 LRIP 1 2 2 - - - - 2 2
FY-2008 LRIP 2 Block-1A 6 8 6 6 - - 12 14
FY-2009 LRIP 3 Block-1B 7 15 7 13 - - 14 28
FY-2010 LRIP 4 Block-2A 10 25 16 29 4 4 30 58
FY-2011 LRIP 5 Block-2A 22 47 3 32 7 11 32 90
FY-2012 LRIP 6 Block-3i 18 65 6 38 7 18 31 121
FY-2013 LRIP 7 Block-3i 19 84 6 44 4 22 29 150
FY-2014 LRIP 8 Block-3i 19 103 6 50 4 26 29 179
FY-2015 LRIP 9 Block-3F 28 141 4 54 2 28 34 2277
FY-2016 LRIP 10 Block-3F 44 185 9 63 2 30 55 2838 9
Forecasts
FY-2017 LRIP 11 Block-3F 4310
228 16 79 4 34 63 346
FY-2018 LRIP 1211 12
Block-3F 44 272 20 99 6 40 70 416
FY-2019 (requested) LRIP 13 Block-3F 48 320 20 119 12 52 80 496
FY-2020 LRIP 14 Block-4 48 368 20 139 18 70 86 582
FY-2021 FRP Block-4 60 428 21 160 24 94 105 687
Source: Annual Report, Company Website, Primary, and Secondary Research OIDA Strategic Intelligence
Table 3: International Procurement Book
Fiscal Year 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Total
LRIP N° LRIP 3 LRIP 4 LRIP 5 LRIP 6 LRIP 7 LRIP 8 LRIP 9 LRIP 1013
LRIP 11
Australia - - - 2 F-35A - - - 8 F-35A - 10
Israel - - - - - 2 F-35A 7 F-35A 6 F-35A - 15
Italy - - - 3 F-35A 3 F-35A 2 F-35A - - - 8
Japan - - - - - 4 F-35A 2 F-35A 4 F-35A - 10
Netherlands 1 F-35A 1 F-35A - - - - - - - 2
Norway - - - 2 F-35A 2 F-35A 6 F-35A 6 F-35A - 16
South Korea - - - - - - - 6 F-35A - 6
Turkey - - - - - - - 2 F-35A - 2
United Kingdom 2 F-35B 1 F-35B - 1 F-35B 4 F-35B 6 F-35B 3 F-35B - 17
Total 3 2 - 5 6 14 21 35 - 66
Source: Annual Report, Company Website, Primary, and Secondary Research OIDA Strategic Intelligence
Regarding the first three LRIP unit price, it is quite uniform to get a high-cost given the low number of
aircraft produced and the setting up of early production lines. But still, it represented anything but a
bright future promise for the programme already bogged down in the aftermath of the 2008 financial
crisis and threatened by the Damocles sword of the government shutdown later illustrated in 2013.
The conjunction of external negative contingencies and early programme cost flares precipitated the
major 2012 cut in U.S. production quantities. The USAF’s fleet was slashed by 15%, the commander
of the Navy’s air forces said that budget pressures may cause the Navy to reduce its planned 20 per
year acquisition to as few as 12 per year, and the end of the testing phase was postponed up to 2021.
The reduction of total FRP amounting to 120 units including 100 for sole U.S. service,14 propped up
the unit cost to over $200 million each for three years, annihilating the 2010-2012 first forerunning
signs of a feeble cost curve decrease.
However, it is quite paradoxical to note that in FY 2016, the F-35 programme was already at its LRIP
10, 15 years after the programme’s implementation and expecting to wait for LRIP 14 before FRP.
7
http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/lrip-9-f35-jet-2016-12/
8
http://www.defensenews.com/articles/pentagon-lockheed-sign-f-35-contract-for-90-jets
9
http://www.janes.com/article/65741/dod-awards-lot-10-production-contract-for-f-35
10
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 18 July 2016, p. 5;
11
Statement of Lt General C. Bogdan F-35 Program Executive Officer Before the Tactical Air and Land Subcommittee of the
House Armed Services Cmmittee on F-35 Program Review, 16 February 2017, p. 20;
12
USAF’s, Marines’ and Navy’s Under Secretary of Defense Justification Books, February 2016;
13
http://www.defensenews.com/articles/pentagon-lockheed-sign-f-35-contract-for-90-jets
14
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 18 July 2016, p. 5;
8. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Even though it is not a scarce habit for the DoD, it is putting strain on the scale saving objectives that
were dramatically needed both for Congress and foreign buyers’ public budgets. Testing phase
management particularly highlighted the overlap between testing and production in the JSF
programme. While the LRIP 1 was started in 2007 with the first two aircraft under production, the
programme only completed 1% of the flight tests. This may not have raised concern if the expected
units produced before developmental testing was complete (around 2020) were not sitting at 582.
According to GAO reports, a concurrency development and acquisition programme is a considerable
risk weighing heavily on the government’s shoulders to declare operationally capable hundreds of
immature aircraft with the risk of a cruel battle space disillusion.15
Furthermore, the high production pace with simultaneous development does not allow production
operators to adhere to standardisation as the equipment is constantly modified. Perhaps the hallmark
of a diverse array of technical issues does not suggest a quick shift towards a more standardised and
affordable production process. Reasons for an increase in the already high unit cost is becoming clear.
As shown by the DoD’s reports on F-35 testing, a remarkable number of significant F-35 components
(including the airframe) have had serious issues requiring redesign. That means the F-35 design has
always been in flux. Paying for changes in mid-assembly is proving to cost more than whatever
efficiencies might be achieved elsewhere. So long as the F-35 configuration continues to change,
there can be no meaningful learning curve.
Besides this, the high volume of “experimental” F-35 delivered during the testing phase places strain
on the final unitary cost as the aircraft designed to fly over 60 years will require costly retrofits to repair
inherent issues and adapt to evolving requirements. These expenses are scarcely mentioned in
budget estimates and are likely to inflate even more the already out of control overall programme cost.
At the very beginning, the LRIP was expected to last from 2001 to 2015 and deliver 465 aircraft
according to the SAR (Selected Acquisition Report).16 In fact, in 2015 the LRIP was rescheduled to
last up to 2019 (now estimation even reaches 2021) and was tremendously below the delivery
objective with only 154 operational aircraft (every version included).17 This helps on the one hand to
broach the production and development disaster, which besides mismanaging the defence budget is
dangerously harming U.S. operational capabilities. These production delays and the seldom
mentioned low rates of availability, raises the issue of a strategic gap between the legacy fighters
expected retirement and the F-35’s expected maturity. As reported under the DOT&E,18 only half of
2016’s so-called operational F-35 was able to fly due to a need to retrofit previous LRIP’s aircraft.
Amongst these fighter jets, those deemed fully mission capable were estimated to only stand at 30%
of the overall fleet.
15
Medium estimate with 1994’s affordability goals per aircraft. F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background, Status and
Issues, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 02 June 2006, p. 8;
16
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, Selected Acquisition Report, December 2015, p 65;
17
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 18 July 2016, p. 26;
18
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Report to Congress, Director of Operational Test and Evaluation FY2017, 10 January 2017, p. 85-86;
10. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Figure 3: Acquisitions (% share) Broken Down by Programme During the Period 2017-2025. The
MoD Allocates Funds for Preliminary Project Work, R&D, and Other Supporting Activities.
Source: Future Acquisitions for the Norwegian Defence Sector 2017-2025 (April 2017)
Therefore, a national defence budget severely stretched by the financial crisis could not bear the
exhausting costs overrun. Norway is not an isolated case and the F-35 budget weighs heavily on other
partner’s shoulders as an increasingly hard-to-support burden that could encourage U.S. partners to
be inspired by Canada’s recent turnabout.
Besides this, the international career of the aircraft where foreign sales are expected by Lockheed
Martin to eventually drive the worldwide fleet over 5,000 units would then be vowed to an inevitable
failure.
Table 5: Official Per Unit Cost Estimate Including Procurement and R&D
(in million USD) F-35A F-35B F-35C
FY-14 (LRIP 8) 19 108 134 129
FY-15 (LRIP 9) 20 102.1 131.6 132.2
FY-16 (LRIP 10)21 94.6 122.8 121.8
FY-17 (LRIP 11)22 113 142 241
Source: Selected Acquisition Reports and Press Releases
When it comes to per variant unitary costs, the situation is even more blurred and the facts are difficult
to fully embrace when comparing the various JPO, GAO, Congress, and Comptroller figures. If all
these institutions are involved in the F-35 programme to a different extent, they all provide conflicting
reports where unit purchase price for each batch and variant suffers from numerous discrepancies.
The table above lists the JSF’s most referred to figures, figures that often appear in the media. Even if
these numbers show an advantageous version of the previous years programme evolution with the
achievement of the DoD’s long-term objective of stepping down the F-35A from the $100 million
threshold, the fact is that these numbers do not broach all the issues. The procurement costs listed
above only refer to procurement and R&D, but neither are tackling the modifications, spare parts
costs, nor development even though the data appears in the USAF’s, Marine Corps, and Navy’s Under
Secretary of Defense justification books.
19
F-35 Lightning II Program Fact Sheet, Selected Acquisition Report 2015 Cost Data;
20
http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/lrip-9-f35-jet-2016-12/
21
F-35 Lightning II Program, Public Affairs Release, 02 March 2017;
22
http://warisboring.com/the-official-f-35-price-tags-are-bogus/#.ji5ndr9v9
11. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Table 6: OIDA Strategic Intelligence Actual Unit Price Estimate (procurement, aircraft
modification, spare parts, and R&D)
(in million USD) F-35A F-35B F-35C
FY-15 (LRIP 9)
181.1
(including 172.8 for proc. and R&D)
351.1 356
FY-16 (LRIP 10)
144
(including 136.8 for proc. and R&D)
215 286
FY-17 (LRIP 11)
136.1
(including 129.9 for proc. and R&D)
189.7 565
Source: Annual Report, Company Website, Primary, and Secondary Research OIDA Strategic
Intelligence
The first table unit procurement estimate above displays only the data available from SAR reports, but
when you broaden the picture with the Defense Comptroller report on Programme Acquisition Costs
by Weapons for 2017 (same data in the Congress 07/18/16 report), which includes 2015 data, there is
a $200 million difference between the two disclosed procurement budgets for the USAF with an
unchanged number of birds. Besides the choice of not using all the pertaining data in the unit cost
calculation, the origin of such discrepancies remains a strategic question. Furthermore, the data
mismatch is not an isolated fact and numbers of aircraft types in batches or pertaining budget lines are
constantly subjected to this blurry environment rendering the quest for reliable data unexpectedly
difficult.
Regardless of the methodology debate, the aggregated unitary procurement data shows a
tremendously high cost for each aircraft (all costs included) - way higher than what was disclosed in
the media. Even if the recent trend bears witness to the obvious cost cut recession announced by
Lieutenant General Bogdan, head of the F-35 programme, its alacrity is diminished by the fact that the
beginning of the cost cut recession has to be mitigated by an extremely high unit cost. However, this
positive tendency shift only concerns the F-35A and F-35B. The Navy version is harshly suffering from
a wing design problem, hampering its development and production volume leading each unit price to
keep progressing on an accrual basis up to the insanely high amounts of FY2017.
All these costs and development mismanagements, despite the positive cost downturn
announcements made by the heads of the programme, keep raising concerns in the U.S. and abroad
about programme sustainability and the unit costs high political sensitivity. Thus, several doors remain
open to implement a “damage limitation plan”.
OIDA Strategic Intelligence’s figures are computed using data from the DoD, providing each feature
related expenses for each F-35 variant and dividing the sum by the adjusted number of procured
aircraft in the above-mentioned table. In this calculation, the USAF procurement amounts were
adapted to those disclosed by the Defense Comptroller. This method could not be adopted with the
Navy variants due to the blending of the two models in a single budget line. Indeed, F-35B and C unit
price estimates use only DoD (underestimated data) figures and were adapted to the changes in
procurement quantities.
The “Programme Acquisition Costs by Weapon System” data is only estimates, not independently
audited, but that being so it remains the most accurate available military data on the programme.
12. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Analysis and Advice
To counter these soaring cost tendencies and keep the programme afloat, one may wonder where all
these issues are coming from. Firstly, is the component of the materiel costs that contribute to the
overall unit price inflation.
Table 7: F-35 Projected Unit Recurring Flyaway Cost (includes hardware costs over the life of
the programme and assumes 612 international sales)
(in million USD
of 2012)
F-35A F-35B F-35C
Airframe 65.7 77.3 78.0
Engine 11.0 27.7 10.9
Total 76.7 105.0 88.9
Source: Office of the Secretary of Defense, Selected Acquisition Report (SAR): F-35 Joint strike Fighter Aircraft (F-35), March
21th 2016.
Table 8: Equipment Unit Costs by Type for FY 2015 ($ Million)
F-35A F-35B F-35C
Airframe 72.786 83.045 98.049
Engine 13.793 32.493 13.747
Total 102.1 131.6 132.2
Source: USAF’s, Marine Corps’, and Navy’s Under Secretary of Defense Justification Books, February 2016
When compared to 2012 data, the equipment cost figures bear witness of cost overruns, which
increase along the LRIP notwithstanding the inversion of the procurement price curve for F-35A and B
variants. As the leading contractor, Lockheed Martin had to pay fines for its production parts
mismanagement, but other subcontractors are also at fault as is evident in Pratt and Whitney’s engine
unit cost growth, irrespective of the aircraft type over the 2012-2015 period. A factor that may also lead
to at least some supply chain over sophistication and maybe some pertaining extra costs, is the
internalisation of the subcontractors network with the versatile participation of every partner state.
Some of them, Italy and Japan, even managed to obtain the installation of indigenous final assembly
and check out chain in Nagoya (Japan) and Cameri (Italy), which rolled out on May 5th its 100 percent
“made in Italy” STOLV aircraft23. Thus, the production facility and supply chain scattering may not lead
to interesting affordability gains even though it has the merit of tightening the ties between
international partners.
It is this idea of gaining in bargaining power over the supply chain that lies behind U.S. President
Trump’s political statement last November against the F-35 programme’s management and Lockheed
Martin’s direction.
LRIP 10 amounted to an $8.2 billion overall price for a total of 90 aircraft both for the U.S. and foreign
sales. Over what was the most quantum batch at the time, U.S. Secretary of Defence, James Mattis,
in a recently disclosed memo, hinted that about $600 million was saved by the Trump Administration
on the LRIP 10 negotiation process and that he would endeavour to lower the costs on the next batch
in the FY2018 budget.24 He also warned Lockheed Martin that its F-35 should not be entirely removed
from any competition process and did not hide his desire to see advanced F-18 Super Hornets
competing with the F-35C on Navy procurement forecasted to provide a competitive and cost-efficient
23
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?shop=dae&modele=release&prod=183472&cat=3
24
http://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/03/trumps-claims-of-saving-millions-on-f-35-fighter-untrue-says-armed-services-committee-
dem.html
14. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
is why the fighter jets budget already considers some modification costs even though it has just been
produced. This haste for providing the U.S. with a brand new 5th generation fighter has paradoxically
hampered the programme’s efficiency over time because of the shortened array of OT&E that may
have revealed all the issues that existing equipment instabilities could provoke. These forerunning
signs give credit to the foresight that extra retrofits may lead to even sharper cost overruns, as the
project will grow in age. As the JSF expected service life has recently be extended from 55 to 60
years, the cost of further modifications and spare parts are not to be overestimated.26
Instead, the soundest alternative may be to restructure production by blending the F-35 fleet with
some upgraded and life-extended legacy fighters like the F/A Super Hornets or F-16V. The fleet
reduction aims at reaching a level of only 853 F-35A (according to CRS numbers)27 and to
proportionally reduce the other variants numbers. The purpose of such a restructuration also aims at
helping the DoD budget to face other strategic programmes such as the next generation bomber,
which seems to be on a roll as Lockheed Martin just announced the life extension of several batches
of F-16 from 8,000 to 12,000 hours. 28
In the same restructuring option idea, the adoption of a block buy pattern is often evoked as a means
to avoid annual LRIP procurement cost gains. Shifting from a contract negotiated on an annual basis
to a three year contract would create approximately 10.3% of cost savings and provide stability to the
supply chain to foster learning curves and counter delivery delays.29 Indeed, in the aftermath of the F-
35’s journey across Europe, DoD contracts approved this Economic Order Quantities (EOQ) policy by
granting Lockheed Martin with a substantial $1.4 billion acquisition contract advance, dedicated to a
long lead materiel procurement regarding the LRIP 12, 13, and 14, that is to say an overall expected
sum of 240 fighter jets for the U.S. armed forces, NATO ally stakeholders, and FMS clients.30 This first
and long awaited multi-lot order paves the way for further scale savings that are deemed able to
reduce the procurement price to about $2 billion for the next 440 jets to be ordered, said Lt. Col.
Bogdan. The sway of this EOQ plan shall even bring some further benefits until the end of the
procurement phase scheduled in 2038. It is supported by the tightly involved Trump Administration
and the GAO, which spiritedly backed the initiative in its last April report at the condition that the EOQ
plan would be based on transparency and Congress approval.
To end our forecast of the F-35 programme’s fate, one may acknowledge that such a cutting-edge
materiel would be a must-have for the U.S. and NATO to assert they are a step ahead of competitors
on any potential battlefield. In order to make this happen, the F-35 programme would require a
thorough and in-depth audit to clarify the situation and if necessary to make a better trade-off possible
between budgetary constraints, technical ambition, and operational requirements to promptly provide
air forces with operational F-35 fleets.
26
http://breakingdefense.com/2016/03/current-f-35-costs-drop-but-total-costs-go-up/
27
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 18 July 2016, p. 26;
28
http://news.lockheedmartin.com/2017-04-12-U-S-Air-Force-Authorizes-Extended-Service-Life-for-F-16
29
F-35 JOINT STRIKE FIGHTER, Continued Oversight Needed as Program Plans to Begin Development of New Capabilities,
U.S. Government Accountability Office, N°GAO-16-390, 14 April 2016, p. 23;
30
DoD contract n° CR-082-17, 28 April 2017;
15. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
APPENDIX
Table 9: Procurement Evolution for non-DoD partners and FMS
2005
Procurement Foresight
2016
Procurement Recorded
Total Current
Expected Orders
Australia 100 F-35A 10 F-35A 72 F-35A
Canada 65 F-35A None Programme Renegotiation
Denmark 48 F-35A None 27 (30) F-35A
Israel 75 F-35I 15 F-35I 50 F-35I
Italy 131 F-35A 8 F-35A 60 F-35A ; 30 F-35B
Japan 42 F-35A 10 F-35A 38 F-35A
Netherlands 85 F-35A 2 F-35A 37 F-35A
Norway 52 F-35A 16 F-35A 52 F-35A
South Korea 60 F-35A 6 F-35A 40 F-35A
Turkey 116 F-35A 2 F-35A 100 F-35A
UK 138 F-35B 17 F-35B 138 F-35B
Total 912 F-35 84 F-35 476 F-35A ; 168 F-35B
Source: Annual Report, Company Website, Primary and Secondary Research OIDA Strategic Intelligence
Figure 4: Current Situation of the F-35 Worldwide
Source: Annual Report, Company Website, Primary, and Secondary Research OIDA Strategic Intelligence
16. OIDA Strategic Intelligence S.A.S.U - Porte de l’Arenas, Hall C – CS13326 - 455, Promenade des Anglais - 06206 Nice Cedex 3
Belgium
Looking to purchase 34 new aircraft with a public tender expected in 2018.
Thanks to the new pilot formation cooperation programme with the U.S., the F-
35 is well placed to win the competition against Rafale, Eurofighter, and Gripen.
Finland
Air force shown interest for the F-35 to replace its aging F/A-18. During the
incoming 2020 tender, the Lockheed Martin aircraft will be opposition to Gripen,
F/A-18 Super Hornets, Eurofighters, and Rafale.
Poland
The Russo-Ukrainian tensions propped up the willingness of the Polish Ministry
of Defence to acquire additional aircraft following its 48 F-16 delivery and led to
expectation of a 2022 tender announcement where the F-35 would have more of
a chance. Yet, the tender forecast vanished with the new government election
declaring that a F-16 modernisation programme would rather be considered.31
Lately, Polish DoD has expressed its willingness to procure 32 fifth generation
aircrafts at the horizon 2025. PZL Mielec is at the cornerstone of the local
aerospace industry. Being a fully owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin through
Sikorsky, PZL Mielec might be involved in the JSF production if the F-35 is
chosen as a probable heir of Polish Air Force F-16 and Mig-29.32
Spain
Initially mentioned to replace Spanish Harriers in 2014, the F-35B procurement
has been postponed, but has recently been placed on the table again as being
the only fixed-wing aircraft capable of operating from Spain’s single Amphibious
Assault Ship, the Juan Carlos I. However, no official statement has been made
in this direction to date.33
Switzerland
After the disappointment of the initial Saab choice and dismissing the Gripen
through a public vote in 2012, the Swiss Air Force is looking for a new aircraft
and is likely to announce a new tender for a number between 30 and 50 jets in
2017. F-35 will be competing against Rafale, Eurofighter, Gripen, and F/A-18
Super Hornets.
Turkey
The Turkish Navy is ambitiously looking to buy a squadron of F-35B to operate
from its new Amphibious Assault Ships.
31
https://theaviationist.com/2016/11/28/polish-air-force-further-postpones-procurement-of-5th-generation-fighters-to-replace-
mig-29-and-su-22-jets/
32
http://www.defensenews.com/articles/poland-to-buy-5th-gen-fighter-jets-around-2025
33
http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/naval/naval-aviation/2016/04/20/f-35b-may-spanish-navys-future/83270268/