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Informacija ir jos
   matavimas
  Konradas Žygus 1gc
Informacija
► Informacija galima suprasti kaip žinias ar
  duomenis, perduodamus vienų asmenų kitiems
  žodžiu arba žiniasklaidos priemonėmis.
► Informacijos procesais vadinami veiksmai, kuriuos
  galima atlikti su informacija (kaupimas,
  saugojimas, apdorojimas, perdavimas, paieška ir
  tt)...
► Informacijos tipai : tekstinė, skaitinė,
  vaizdinė,garsinė.
Informacijos kodavimas
► Informacijos procesams naudojant
 kompiuterį reikia visą informaciją perrašyti
 kompiuterine abėcėle. Toks procesas
 vadinamas kodavimu

► Grafinė informacija koduojama dviem
 būdais : Vektoriniu būdu arba Taškiniu
 būdu.
Kodavimo būdai
► Taškinis būdas – informacija koduojama
 taškais (pavyzdžiui 800*600 taškų). Kuo
 daugiau taškų yra mažesniame plote, tuo
 vaizdas yra kokybiškesnis. Didinat taškų
 skaičių auga ir grafinės informacijos dydis.
 Taškinė grafika naudojama fotografuojant,
 skaitant informacija.
Kodavimo būdai
► Vektorinis būdas – informacija koduojama
 atkarpomis nurodant jų kryptį bei ilgį
 (vektoriais) ir aprašoma taikant matematikos
 formules. Vektorine grafika sunku
 pavaizduoti smulkias vaizdo detales, reikia
 galingo kompiuterio, kad būtų galima atlikti
 skaičiavimus paveikslėliams sukurti.
Kompiuterio abėcėlė
► Kompiuteris naudoja dvejetainę skaičiavimo
  sistemą, t.y. pranešimai koduojami skaičių 0 ir
  1 sekomis. Iš dviejų simbolių sekos galime
  gauti keturis skirtingus pranešimus (kodus) : 00
  arba 01, arba 10, arba 11.
Informacijos matavimas
► Matuojant skaitmeninę informaciją, vieną
  dvejetainį simbolį sutarta vadinti bitu.
► Bitas – informacijos kiekis, perduodamas
  vienu dvejetaines abėcėlės simboliu.
► Abėlėms koduoti naudojamas 8 bitų dydžio
  baitas , kad būtų lengviau.
Ąčių už dėmėsį

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Pristatymas

  • 1. Informacija ir jos matavimas Konradas Žygus 1gc
  • 2. Informacija ► Informacija galima suprasti kaip žinias ar duomenis, perduodamus vienų asmenų kitiems žodžiu arba žiniasklaidos priemonėmis. ► Informacijos procesais vadinami veiksmai, kuriuos galima atlikti su informacija (kaupimas, saugojimas, apdorojimas, perdavimas, paieška ir tt)... ► Informacijos tipai : tekstinė, skaitinė, vaizdinė,garsinė.
  • 3.
  • 4. Informacijos kodavimas ► Informacijos procesams naudojant kompiuterį reikia visą informaciją perrašyti kompiuterine abėcėle. Toks procesas vadinamas kodavimu ► Grafinė informacija koduojama dviem būdais : Vektoriniu būdu arba Taškiniu būdu.
  • 5. Kodavimo būdai ► Taškinis būdas – informacija koduojama taškais (pavyzdžiui 800*600 taškų). Kuo daugiau taškų yra mažesniame plote, tuo vaizdas yra kokybiškesnis. Didinat taškų skaičių auga ir grafinės informacijos dydis. Taškinė grafika naudojama fotografuojant, skaitant informacija.
  • 6. Kodavimo būdai ► Vektorinis būdas – informacija koduojama atkarpomis nurodant jų kryptį bei ilgį (vektoriais) ir aprašoma taikant matematikos formules. Vektorine grafika sunku pavaizduoti smulkias vaizdo detales, reikia galingo kompiuterio, kad būtų galima atlikti skaičiavimus paveikslėliams sukurti.
  • 7. Kompiuterio abėcėlė ► Kompiuteris naudoja dvejetainę skaičiavimo sistemą, t.y. pranešimai koduojami skaičių 0 ir 1 sekomis. Iš dviejų simbolių sekos galime gauti keturis skirtingus pranešimus (kodus) : 00 arba 01, arba 10, arba 11.
  • 8. Informacijos matavimas ► Matuojant skaitmeninę informaciją, vieną dvejetainį simbolį sutarta vadinti bitu. ► Bitas – informacijos kiekis, perduodamas vienu dvejetaines abėcėlės simboliu. ► Abėlėms koduoti naudojamas 8 bitų dydžio baitas , kad būtų lengviau.
  • 9.