Indonesia's investment realization in 2015 exceeded its target, reaching Rp 545.4 trillion, up 17.8% from the previous year. Domestic direct investment increased 15% while foreign direct investment rose 19.2%. Investment realization outside of Java Island, particularly in Kalimantan, Sumatra and Sulawesi, saw significant increases compared to the previous year. The Indonesian government aims to further boost investment outside Java to promote balanced regional development.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeriaijtsrd
Extant literature is replete with the benefit of attracting Foreign Direct Investment FDI into an economy, it not only provides developing countries with the much needed capital for investment it also enhances job creation, managerial skills as well as transfer of technology. However, attracting and sustaining FDI inflow in Nigeria have remained a teething problem. This study therefore examined the determinants of foreign direct investment in Nigeria. Specifically the study provides empirical evidence on the influence trade openness, market size, infrastructure, human capital, labour force, natural resources, exchange rate and inflation rate on Foreign Direct Investment FDI in Nigeria using an econometric regression technique of the Ordinary least square OLS . The findings of the study also show that trade openness, market size, infrastructure, exchange rate and inflation rate are statistically significant in explaining the foreign direct investment in Nigeria while human capital, labour force and natural resources are statistically insignificant in explaining the growth of foreign direct investment in Nigeria. The study recommends that The government should make polices that will create a business friendly environment to attract FDI inflows in economy. The government should provide the needed leadership and also ensure political stability in the country. This will attract investors to take the advantage of the market size of the country to FDI into the economy. The government should make policies that will favour trade openness. Trade openness is found to be factor that attracts investors invest in the country. This is lesser barriers to trade encourages investment and the government should provide the needed infrastructure. Necessary infrastructures that will reduce the cost of doing business should be the watch word of every government. Dibua, Emmanuel Chijioke | Edoko, Tonna David | Onwuteaka, Ifeoma Cecilia "Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25293.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/25293/determinants-of-foreign-direct-investment-in-nigeria/dibua-emmanuel-chijioke
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeriaijtsrd
Extant literature is replete with the benefit of attracting Foreign Direct Investment FDI into an economy, it not only provides developing countries with the much needed capital for investment it also enhances job creation, managerial skills as well as transfer of technology. However, attracting and sustaining FDI inflow in Nigeria have remained a teething problem. This study therefore examined the determinants of foreign direct investment in Nigeria. Specifically the study provides empirical evidence on the influence trade openness, market size, infrastructure, human capital, labour force, natural resources, exchange rate and inflation rate on Foreign Direct Investment FDI in Nigeria using an econometric regression technique of the Ordinary least square OLS . The findings of the study also show that trade openness, market size, infrastructure, exchange rate and inflation rate are statistically significant in explaining the foreign direct investment in Nigeria while human capital, labour force and natural resources are statistically insignificant in explaining the growth of foreign direct investment in Nigeria. The study recommends that The government should make polices that will create a business friendly environment to attract FDI inflows in economy. The government should provide the needed leadership and also ensure political stability in the country. This will attract investors to take the advantage of the market size of the country to FDI into the economy. The government should make policies that will favour trade openness. Trade openness is found to be factor that attracts investors invest in the country. This is lesser barriers to trade encourages investment and the government should provide the needed infrastructure. Necessary infrastructures that will reduce the cost of doing business should be the watch word of every government. Dibua, Emmanuel Chijioke | Edoko, Tonna David | Onwuteaka, Ifeoma Cecilia "Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25293.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/25293/determinants-of-foreign-direct-investment-in-nigeria/dibua-emmanuel-chijioke
Specific Analysis of FDI and Economic Growth in Nigeria and Ghanainventionjournals
This study analyses the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Nigeria and Ghana and how these relationship differ between both countries. This was explored using annual time series data obtained from the World Bank WDI for the period 1970-2015. This paper adopted the Absorptive Capacity theoretical framework and using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) technique, regressed economic growth (proxied by the growth rate of per capita real GDP) on FDI, FDI transmission channels, and five other control variables. After conducting all the necessary and sufficient statistical, economic and econometric tests, the results show that: (i) generally, FDI exerts some positive impact on economic growth in both countries; (ii) the absorptive capacity theory does not hold in both countries, (iii) there is a bi-directional causality running from FDI to economic growth and from economic growth to FDI in both countries; (iv) the relationship between economic growth and FDI does not differ between both countries.
Foreign Direct Investment and Development of Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria ...inventionjournals
This study is centered on foreign direct investment and development of manufacturing sector from 1990-2014. Political unrest, epileptic power supply, militancy of Niger Delta region, unstable exchange rate and insurgency of the North east of Nigeria was identified as the hindrances to manufacturing sector. The work is anchored on mercantilist trade theory of Jean baptiste Colbert and Thomas hobbes. Secondary data was sourced from Central bank of Nigeria Statistical bulletin, CBN occasional paper number 32 on the dynamics of inflation in Nigeria. Diagnostic survey research pattern was applied for this study. Data obtained were analyzed using an ordinary least square method by the use of time series and seasonal variations. The results shows that FDI is growth enhancing and it equips and stabilizes exchange rate and reduces dependency on imported finished products, enhances profitability thus leads to survival of manufacturing sector. Recommendations include; policy makers should realize the essence of stable exchange rate so as to drive maximum benefit from investment. Government expenditure should encourage and promote investment to boost the manufacturing industries
As part of its Independent Review of Bangladesh’s Development (IRBD) programme, the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) undertakes several interim reviews of the economy throughout every fiscal year. Accordingly, CPD has prepared an assessment report titled “State of the Bangladesh Economy in FY2014-15 (First Reading).”
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been seen as an important factor influencing economic growth directly and indirectly in both developed and developing countries. This study assesses the impact of FDI on growth in Ghana since the return to constitutional rule in 1993. The study uses time series data from 1993 to 2016. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged model (ARDL), the study finds a positive impact of FDI on growth both in the short-run and long-run. However, there is a lag period of two. The study equally finds that Gross Saving has a positive impact on growth. On the other hand inflation has a negative effect on growth both in the short and long run. The study also discovered that FDI granger causes growth but GDP does not granger cause FDI. Post-election years with incidence of political uncertainty slow down FDI inflow into Ghana. The study recommends the adoption of stringent fiscal and monetary policies to keep inflation low. It also recommends maintaining and improving the liberal market environment to attract investors, policies to encourage saving, and improving on political transitions to avoid uncertainties for investors.
Impact of political stability on the macroeconomic variables and FDI of Pakis...journal ijrtem
Abstract: In this paper we have discussed the vital role of political stability on the link between macroeconomic variables and FDI .For this purpose we have used a data of year 1991 to 2011.In this empirical analysis we have used ADF test for the checking the stationary of the data and other software’s are SPSS and eviews.This result of this study have made sure that import ,BOP, export and GDP growth rate have significant impact on the FDI inflows in the Pakistan and inflation has a negative impact on the FDI based on this research has proved that political stability is crucial for the expansion of foreign direct investment.
Keywords: political stability, ADF, BOP, crucial etc.
Abstract: Nigeria is one of the economies with great demand for goods and services and has attracted some foreign direct investment over the years. The amount of foreign direct investment inflow in to Nigeria has reached US $ 2.23 billion in 2003 and it rose to US $ 5.31 billion in 2004 (a 138 % increase), this figure rose again to US $ 9.92 billion (an 87% increase) in 2005. The figure however declined slightly to US $ 9.44 in 2006 while it has been on astronomical fall since 2006 till date. (CBN, 2011). The question that comes to mind is, do these for actually contribute to economic growth in Nigeria? If foreign direct investment actually contribute to growth, then, the sustainability of foreign direct investment is a worthwhile activity and a way of achieving this sustainability is by identifying the factors contributing to its growth with a view to ensuring its enhancement. The nose driving this research is to determine the short run impact of FDI on economic growth, OLS with ward test analysis was employed to determine the short run analysis of impact of FDI on economic growth. The result shows that all the explanatory variables such as Gross Fixed capital formation (GFCF), Total labour force (TLBF), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Lending rate and Average Manufacturing Capacity Utilization (AMCU) grossly affect economic growth in Nigeria. The result also implies that there exist a singleton (short run) impact of FDI on economic growth, recommendation was made that government must put in place all the pull factors such as good road, stable power supply and most essentially security of life and property of foreign investors in order to reduce the level of unemployment which serves as impediment to sustainable development in the Nation Nigeria.
Impact of Foreign Direct Investments on Domestic Investments in Nigeriaijtsrd
This study examines the impact of foreign direct investments on domestic investments in Nigeria. Specifically, the study seeks to ascertain the effect of foreign direct investment, per capita income, consumption expenditure, savings and debt burden on domestic investments in Nigeria using an inferential statistic like the regression analysis after determining stationarity of the variables using the ADF Statistic, as well as the cointegration of variables using the Johansen approach. Findings revealed that foreign direct investment, per capita income, consumption expenditure, savings, interest rate and debt burden are statistically significant in explaining domestic investment in Nigeria. The F test conducted in the study shows that the model has a goodness of fit and is statistically different from zero. In other words, there is a significant impact between the dependent and independent variables in the model. The study therefore recommends that There is need for government to formulate investment policies that will be favourable to local investors in order to complement the inflow of investment from abroad. Government should provide adequate infrastructure and policy framework that will be conducive for doing business in Nigeria, so as to attract the inflow of FDI. Policies that would improve per capita income of Nigeria should be pursued as this will stabilize and accelerate the rate of investment in Nigeria. Anionwu, Carol "Impact of Foreign Direct Investments on Domestic Investments in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26725.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/26725/impact-of-foreign-direct-investments-on-domestic-investments-in-nigeria/anionwu-carol
Uttar Pradesh: An Introduction - Performance by Sector - Part - 1Resurgent India
The primary sector continues to be dominant income provider to the majority of the rural households in the state. However, the growth in the agricultural sector moderated to 2.6 per cent in FY14 from 4.7 per cent in FY12. Services sector grew at an average of 9.1 per cent during FY 07-14.
Fdi and productivity growth of ghanaian manufacturing firms ijsbarRonald Essel
Foreign direct investment and productivity growth of Ghanaian manufacturing firms
RONALD EBENEZER ESSEL
University of Cape Coast,
College of Distance Education (CoDE)
PMB, University Post Office
Cape coast – Ghana
E-mail: esselronald@yahoo.com
Abstract: This paper examines foreign direct investment (FDI) effect on the productivity of local manufacturing firms in Ghana. By using a firm level panel data of eight subsectors in the Ghanaian manufacturing industry covering the period, 1992 - 2003, the paper examines labour productivity of local firms by following the methodology of Kohpaiboon (2005) which begins with the Cobb Douglas production function. Appropriate diagnostics are carried out for the adoption of the models for the empirical estimation. The regression results revealed a significant FDI effect on local manufacturing firms’ productivity. It was found that there is a direct link between FDI and productivity of local manufacturing firms in Ghana. All the key variables of the productivity model, i.e. FDI, capital stock, technological spillover and quality of labour had positive effect on local manufacturing firms’ productivity. This means that with more FDI inflows, local firms are able to have the needed funds to invest in technology to improve upon productivity, more funds to invest in labour for them to acquire the needed skills to improve upon productivity and more funds to increase their capital to improve upon productivity. All the control variables included in the regression models, i.e. firm age and firm size, proved to have significant effects on local manufacturing firms’ productivity. This means that larger firms in the Ghanaian manufacturing industry are likely to perform better than smaller firms. Firms which have been in existence for long (older firms) also have the potential of performing better than firms which have not be in existence for long (newer firms). This is because firms gain experience as they stay for long in the manufacturing industry. They are able to learn from their mistakes and perform well. The findings of this study have relevant implications for government economic policy.
Keywords: foreign direct investment (FDI); Ghana; labour productivity; manufacturing firms
Specific Analysis of FDI and Economic Growth in Nigeria and Ghanainventionjournals
This study analyses the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Nigeria and Ghana and how these relationship differ between both countries. This was explored using annual time series data obtained from the World Bank WDI for the period 1970-2015. This paper adopted the Absorptive Capacity theoretical framework and using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) technique, regressed economic growth (proxied by the growth rate of per capita real GDP) on FDI, FDI transmission channels, and five other control variables. After conducting all the necessary and sufficient statistical, economic and econometric tests, the results show that: (i) generally, FDI exerts some positive impact on economic growth in both countries; (ii) the absorptive capacity theory does not hold in both countries, (iii) there is a bi-directional causality running from FDI to economic growth and from economic growth to FDI in both countries; (iv) the relationship between economic growth and FDI does not differ between both countries.
Foreign Direct Investment and Development of Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria ...inventionjournals
This study is centered on foreign direct investment and development of manufacturing sector from 1990-2014. Political unrest, epileptic power supply, militancy of Niger Delta region, unstable exchange rate and insurgency of the North east of Nigeria was identified as the hindrances to manufacturing sector. The work is anchored on mercantilist trade theory of Jean baptiste Colbert and Thomas hobbes. Secondary data was sourced from Central bank of Nigeria Statistical bulletin, CBN occasional paper number 32 on the dynamics of inflation in Nigeria. Diagnostic survey research pattern was applied for this study. Data obtained were analyzed using an ordinary least square method by the use of time series and seasonal variations. The results shows that FDI is growth enhancing and it equips and stabilizes exchange rate and reduces dependency on imported finished products, enhances profitability thus leads to survival of manufacturing sector. Recommendations include; policy makers should realize the essence of stable exchange rate so as to drive maximum benefit from investment. Government expenditure should encourage and promote investment to boost the manufacturing industries
As part of its Independent Review of Bangladesh’s Development (IRBD) programme, the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) undertakes several interim reviews of the economy throughout every fiscal year. Accordingly, CPD has prepared an assessment report titled “State of the Bangladesh Economy in FY2014-15 (First Reading).”
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been seen as an important factor influencing economic growth directly and indirectly in both developed and developing countries. This study assesses the impact of FDI on growth in Ghana since the return to constitutional rule in 1993. The study uses time series data from 1993 to 2016. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged model (ARDL), the study finds a positive impact of FDI on growth both in the short-run and long-run. However, there is a lag period of two. The study equally finds that Gross Saving has a positive impact on growth. On the other hand inflation has a negative effect on growth both in the short and long run. The study also discovered that FDI granger causes growth but GDP does not granger cause FDI. Post-election years with incidence of political uncertainty slow down FDI inflow into Ghana. The study recommends the adoption of stringent fiscal and monetary policies to keep inflation low. It also recommends maintaining and improving the liberal market environment to attract investors, policies to encourage saving, and improving on political transitions to avoid uncertainties for investors.
Impact of political stability on the macroeconomic variables and FDI of Pakis...journal ijrtem
Abstract: In this paper we have discussed the vital role of political stability on the link between macroeconomic variables and FDI .For this purpose we have used a data of year 1991 to 2011.In this empirical analysis we have used ADF test for the checking the stationary of the data and other software’s are SPSS and eviews.This result of this study have made sure that import ,BOP, export and GDP growth rate have significant impact on the FDI inflows in the Pakistan and inflation has a negative impact on the FDI based on this research has proved that political stability is crucial for the expansion of foreign direct investment.
Keywords: political stability, ADF, BOP, crucial etc.
Abstract: Nigeria is one of the economies with great demand for goods and services and has attracted some foreign direct investment over the years. The amount of foreign direct investment inflow in to Nigeria has reached US $ 2.23 billion in 2003 and it rose to US $ 5.31 billion in 2004 (a 138 % increase), this figure rose again to US $ 9.92 billion (an 87% increase) in 2005. The figure however declined slightly to US $ 9.44 in 2006 while it has been on astronomical fall since 2006 till date. (CBN, 2011). The question that comes to mind is, do these for actually contribute to economic growth in Nigeria? If foreign direct investment actually contribute to growth, then, the sustainability of foreign direct investment is a worthwhile activity and a way of achieving this sustainability is by identifying the factors contributing to its growth with a view to ensuring its enhancement. The nose driving this research is to determine the short run impact of FDI on economic growth, OLS with ward test analysis was employed to determine the short run analysis of impact of FDI on economic growth. The result shows that all the explanatory variables such as Gross Fixed capital formation (GFCF), Total labour force (TLBF), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Lending rate and Average Manufacturing Capacity Utilization (AMCU) grossly affect economic growth in Nigeria. The result also implies that there exist a singleton (short run) impact of FDI on economic growth, recommendation was made that government must put in place all the pull factors such as good road, stable power supply and most essentially security of life and property of foreign investors in order to reduce the level of unemployment which serves as impediment to sustainable development in the Nation Nigeria.
Impact of Foreign Direct Investments on Domestic Investments in Nigeriaijtsrd
This study examines the impact of foreign direct investments on domestic investments in Nigeria. Specifically, the study seeks to ascertain the effect of foreign direct investment, per capita income, consumption expenditure, savings and debt burden on domestic investments in Nigeria using an inferential statistic like the regression analysis after determining stationarity of the variables using the ADF Statistic, as well as the cointegration of variables using the Johansen approach. Findings revealed that foreign direct investment, per capita income, consumption expenditure, savings, interest rate and debt burden are statistically significant in explaining domestic investment in Nigeria. The F test conducted in the study shows that the model has a goodness of fit and is statistically different from zero. In other words, there is a significant impact between the dependent and independent variables in the model. The study therefore recommends that There is need for government to formulate investment policies that will be favourable to local investors in order to complement the inflow of investment from abroad. Government should provide adequate infrastructure and policy framework that will be conducive for doing business in Nigeria, so as to attract the inflow of FDI. Policies that would improve per capita income of Nigeria should be pursued as this will stabilize and accelerate the rate of investment in Nigeria. Anionwu, Carol "Impact of Foreign Direct Investments on Domestic Investments in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26725.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/26725/impact-of-foreign-direct-investments-on-domestic-investments-in-nigeria/anionwu-carol
Uttar Pradesh: An Introduction - Performance by Sector - Part - 1Resurgent India
The primary sector continues to be dominant income provider to the majority of the rural households in the state. However, the growth in the agricultural sector moderated to 2.6 per cent in FY14 from 4.7 per cent in FY12. Services sector grew at an average of 9.1 per cent during FY 07-14.
Fdi and productivity growth of ghanaian manufacturing firms ijsbarRonald Essel
Foreign direct investment and productivity growth of Ghanaian manufacturing firms
RONALD EBENEZER ESSEL
University of Cape Coast,
College of Distance Education (CoDE)
PMB, University Post Office
Cape coast – Ghana
E-mail: esselronald@yahoo.com
Abstract: This paper examines foreign direct investment (FDI) effect on the productivity of local manufacturing firms in Ghana. By using a firm level panel data of eight subsectors in the Ghanaian manufacturing industry covering the period, 1992 - 2003, the paper examines labour productivity of local firms by following the methodology of Kohpaiboon (2005) which begins with the Cobb Douglas production function. Appropriate diagnostics are carried out for the adoption of the models for the empirical estimation. The regression results revealed a significant FDI effect on local manufacturing firms’ productivity. It was found that there is a direct link between FDI and productivity of local manufacturing firms in Ghana. All the key variables of the productivity model, i.e. FDI, capital stock, technological spillover and quality of labour had positive effect on local manufacturing firms’ productivity. This means that with more FDI inflows, local firms are able to have the needed funds to invest in technology to improve upon productivity, more funds to invest in labour for them to acquire the needed skills to improve upon productivity and more funds to increase their capital to improve upon productivity. All the control variables included in the regression models, i.e. firm age and firm size, proved to have significant effects on local manufacturing firms’ productivity. This means that larger firms in the Ghanaian manufacturing industry are likely to perform better than smaller firms. Firms which have been in existence for long (older firms) also have the potential of performing better than firms which have not be in existence for long (newer firms). This is because firms gain experience as they stay for long in the manufacturing industry. They are able to learn from their mistakes and perform well. The findings of this study have relevant implications for government economic policy.
Keywords: foreign direct investment (FDI); Ghana; labour productivity; manufacturing firms
Señales de tráfico o señales de tránsito son los signos usados en la vía pública para impartir la información 1 necesaria a los usuarios que transitan por un camino o carretera, en especial los conductores de vehículos y peatones.
Une rave-party illégale à dégénérée samedi 27 octobre du côté de Milan en Italie. Les sounds systems français et italiens Nonem, Hazard Unitz, Mechanika Crew et Teknomotive s'étaient réunis dans un hangar désaffecté à l'occasion des 10 ans du collectif Hazard Unitz. Mais la fête a vite pris une tournure de guérilla.
This was part of a workshop on developing policy held in the Middle East in 2011 - the workshop looked at the issues that need to be considered within public and organisational policy to address the needs of people with a disability
Effect of FDI Inflows on Real Sector Economy of Nigeriaijtsrd
The study have examined the effect of sectorial FDI to economic growth of Nigeria within 34 year period spanning 1987 to 2020. FDI was disaggregated into four variables being agriculture, construction, manufacturing, and oil and gas as the independent variable. Economic growth was the dependent variable. The data were obtained from CBN statistical bulletin and Annual reports. The repression analysed using the ARDL technique. The results showed that FDI to various sector of the economy has significant long run effect on economic growth of Nigeria. Furthermore, The short run dynamic results revealed that 1 FDI to agriculture has interjecting effect with positive effect in the first lag 1 and successive negative effects in lags 2 and 4 2 FDI to construction have a significant positive effect on economic growth 3 FDI to manufacturing sector has negative effect on economic growth and 4 FDI to oil and gas sector has positive effect on economic growth. The study posits that FDI inflows is a veritable driver to economic growth to developing economies like Nigeria. Among the recommendations of this study is that the government should encourage local investment into the agriculture and manufacturing to cushion the adverse impact of FDI to Nigeria growth. Ositadimma Victor Okpalla | Sylvia Chikodi Anaele | Ifeanyi Jude Ekwunife "Effect of FDI Inflows on Real Sector Economy of Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51910.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/51910/effect-of-fdi-inflows-on-real-sector-economy-of-nigeria/ositadimma-victor-okpalla
Foreign Investment and Its Effect on the Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Triang...iosrjce
Evidence abound about the registered increase in foreign investment inflows in recent years. While
proponents emphasize that these inflows could engender economic growth, critics express concern that there
could be destabilizing effect on the economy if not well managed. This study therefore, attempts to examine the
effect of foreign investments (disaggregated into foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment)
inflows on economic growth in Nigeria with a view to ascertaining the better contributor, using time series data
from 1987-2012. The OLS and the Granger causality procedures were employed in analyzing the data. The
result displays that both foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment have positive and significant
effect on economic growth though the partial correlation coefficients show that foreign portfolio investment is
the better contributor. Based on the result, government should pursue policies that encourage both foreign
direct investment and especially foreign portfolio investment.
The literature is in respect of the fact that foreign direct investment has been a key aspect of the development strategy of most developing countries. The main objective of the study is to examine the extent FDI influence employment creation in the non-mining sector of Ghana for the period 2000 – 2016 using time series (annual) data conducted with the aid of OLS (Multiple Linear Regression) model, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL-ECM) Bounds Testing Approach and Granger-Causality test in the estimation of level relationship / cointegration and causality (respectively) between the study variables (for robustness checks). The result of this study shows that FDI has a statistically significant and a positive impact on employment growth via jobs creation in Ghana. Again, evidence shows that the study variables are cointegrated and have a long run relationship. Further robust test from Granger-causality shows no causal relationship from FDI to employment growth or from employment growth to FDI (at significance level of 5%). In addition, the study identifies factors such as wage structure, investment freedom and subsectors as important indicators influencing employment in the country. Finally, the study recommends policies to help create enabling political and socio-economic environment for FDI thereby creating more sustainable jobs and tackling the current high rates of unemployment in Ghana.
FINANCIAL DEEPENING AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN NIGERIAAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study examined the impact of FDI on financial deepening in Nigeria from 1980 to 2022.
The research questions address the trend of FDI and financial deepening in Nigeria and the relationship between
the two variables. The study will used econometrics analysis basically cointegration and error correction model
to estimate the relationship between FDI and financial deepening . The findings of this researchrevealed that
foreign direct investment exert significant impact on financial deepening in Nigeria along the long run and short
run horizon. The findings have implications for policymakers, the Nigerian government, investors, and
businesses. Understanding the impact of FDI on financial deepening helpssuggests appropriate policy measures
and strategies to enhance Nigeria's financial sector and spur economic growth. Additionally, the study
contributes to the existing literature on FDI and financial deepening, providing valuable insights for future
research in this area.
KEY WORDS: Foreign Direct Investment; Financial Deepening; Relationship
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Foreign Direct Investment. Political Economic Digest Series - XVIAkash Shrestha
In this issue, we will be discussing about Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
Foreign Direct Investment has been a very productive tool for the economic growth of many countries. Recently after the government made the decision to celebrate 2012/13 as investment year and after the agreement with India i.e. Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement, the topic of Foreign Direct Investment has been highly discussed among the lawmakers, policymakers and general public. The examples provided in this issue of different countries regarding FDI has shown how the growth rate is positively affected by the investment from outside the country.
FDI presentation to meet MBS project assignment. Special focus is given to Nepalese Context.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BzG1eoPwFajvWlh1YkZqbUw4a3hoSzU5VV9qUnVVdHoyLUVF/view?usp=sharing
Link for ppt file
5.[34 42]effect of foreign direct investment and stock market development on ...
PRess Release Investment Realization reached target in 2015
1. 1
INDONESIA INVESTMENT COORDINATING BOARD
Press Release
Investment Realization 2015 Exceed Target
Jakarta, 21 January 2016 – The Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) today releases investment
realization in 2015 is Rp 545.4% trillion, or rose 17.8% compared last year. Investment realization
exceeds the target 2015 which was Rp 519.5 trillion (105.0%). Domestic Direct Investment (DDI)
increases 15.0% of Rp 179.5 trillion, meanwhile Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increases 19.2% and
reach Rp 365.9 trillion.
Chairman of BKPM Franky Sibarani stated that the achievement was made in the midst of global
economic slowdown. “The 2015 investment performed still indicates positive signal seen shows some
positive impacts, among others, by the creation of labor force, a steady investor trust to the
Indonesian economy and politics fundamentals, besides the prospect of long-term economic growth
in the coming years,” he added in the press conference held in BKPM office, Thursday (21/01).
This positive outcome brings an optimism that investment in Indonesia shows strong growth trends.
To keep the strong growth in track, the Government has launched some breakthrough policies that
will provide incentives for investors, simplification on licensing procedure and other facilitation
programs for investors, among others, BKPM’s current policy measures such as the debottlenecking
of investors’ problems. “Our latest program, BKPM have launched a 3-hour licensing system that
covers 9 (nine) licenses on 11 January 2016.”said Franky.
Based on the investment realization BKPM have recorded, investment realization from January –
December 2015 absorbed 1,435,711 labor, or a slight increase 0.3% compared last year, where it had
absorbed 1,430,846 job seeker. “Our target for this year is investment realization have to create job
opportunity more than 2 million employment,” stated Franky.
2015 investment realization positive outcome are contributed by Q4 (October – December) 2015
which is reaches Rp 145.4 trillion, or increased 20.8% compared to the same period in 2014. DDI
realization reaches Rp 46.2 trillion grew at 10.7%, while FDI increases Rp 99.2 trillion, or 26.1%
growth compared to the same period in 2014.
In fourth quarter of 2015, the investment poured in Java Island is Rp 77.3 trillion. Investment outside
Java in Q4/2015 is Rp 68.1 trillion has increased compared to the same period last year which is
35.1%. Labor force employed in Q4/2015 reaches 375,982 people consists of DDI absorbed 111,006
people dan FDI absorbed 264,976 people.“During fourth quarter 2015, investment performance grew
by 20,8%, extending the Government’s optimism that not only this year target are exceeded, but also
the 2016 investment target which is Rp. 594,8 trillion could be attainable,” closed Franky.
2. 2
Investment outside Java rose significantly
Chairman of Investment Coordinating Board, Franky Sibarani highlighted the significant rose of
investment outside Java Island. Based on BKPM data, investment in Java Island is Rp 296.7 trillion
(54.4%) and the realization of investment outside Java Island reach Rp 248.7 trillion (45.6%). The
figure compared with the same period in 2014 of Rp 199.8 trillion, an increase in investment
realization outside Java by 24.5%.
"The proportion of investment outside Java Island in 2015 reached 45.6%, higher than the proportion
of the previous year by 43%. By 2016, BKPM targeted investment comparison by 49%,” said Franky.
Franky mentioned that one of the outstanding Government Vision is to create a more balance
proportion between central and regional development, or decentralisation-oriented development.
“One important indicator of this vision is that Investment realization outside Java Island is gradually
increasing, we will strive to ensure that investment outside Java Island increase,” he asserted.
Kalimantan region recorded the largest contribution of Rp 93.0 trillion (17.1%), consisting of Rp 20.0
trillion for DDI while FDI amounted to US$ 5.8 billion. Followed by Sumatra with a total investment
investment of Rp 84.4 trillion (15.5%) and Sulawesi, which is Rp 33.2 trillion (6.1%). Other areas such
as Bali and Nusa Tenggara with the realization of an investment of Rp 18.7 trillion (3.4%) and Maluku
and Papua, with the realization of an investment of Rp 19.4 trillion (3.5%).
For further information, please contact :
M. M. Azhar Lubis
Deputy Chairman of Investment Monitoring and Implementation Indonesia
Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM)
Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto 44, Jakarta 12190, Indonesia Phone: 62-21-
5252008 ext.7001
Mobile: 62-8159525035 e-mail: azhar@bkpm.go.id
3. 3
Appendix
Highlights of the Investment Realization Quarter IV/2015 and January – December 2015
Highlights of the investment realization Quarter IV/2015 as stated:
1. Domestic Direct Investment (DDI)
DDI Investment realization based on sector (5 major sectors) are : Non Metallic Mineral Industry
(Rp 8.6 trillion); Construction (Rp 7.5 trillion); Food Industry (Rp 6.4 trillion); Chemical and
Pharmaceutical Industry (Rp 4.7 trillion); and Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (Rp 4.5 trillion). If
the industrial sectors are combined, it can be seen that the industrial sectors contribute Rp 26.0
trillion or 56.3% to the total DDI.
Domestic Direct Investment realization based on location (five leading locations) are : East Java
(Rp 16.9 trillion); Central Java (Rp 5.1 trillion); South Sulawesi (Rp 4.4 trillion); Riau (2.8 trillion);
and Banten (Rp 2.7 trillion).
2. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
FDI based on sector (5 main sectors) are: Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (US$ 1.4 billion);
Metal, Machinery, and Electronic Industry (US$ 1.0 billion); Real Estate, Industrial Estate, and
Office Building (US$ 1.0 billion); Mining (US$ 0.9 trillion) and Food Crops and Plantation (US$ 0.7
billion). If the industrial sectors are combined, it can be seen that the industrial sectors
contribute US$ 3.0 billion or 38.2% to the total FDI.
Foreign Direct Investment realization based on project location (five leading locations) are
Special Territory of Jakarta (US$ 1.4 billion); Banten (US$ 0.9 billion); East Java (US$ 0.9 billion);
Central Kalimantan (US$ 0.7 billion); and East Kalimantan (US$ 0.6 billion).
FDI realization based on country of origin (five biggest countries) are: Singapore (US$ 2.3
billion); Hongkong, People’s Republic Of China (US$ 0.5 billion); Netherlands (US$ 0.4 Billion);
Japan (US$ 0.4 billion) and People’s Republic of China (US$ 0.2 billion).
3. Distribution project location.
In quarter IV, 2015, in Java island is Rp 77.3 trillion while outside Java island is Rp 68.1 trillion. If
compared to the same period in 2014 is Rp. 50.4 trillion, investment realization outside Java
Island increases 35.1%.
4. Labour absorption.
Indonesian labour absorption for investment project in Q4-2015 is 375,982 people, consists of
111,006 from domestic direct investment projects and 264,976 people from foreign direct
investment projects.
The Cumulative Investment Realization from January – Desember 2015 :
The highlights of the investment realization of the Domestic and Foreign Direct Investment from
January to December 2015, are as follows:
1. Domestic Direct Investment Realization.
The DDI realization based on sectors (five biggest sectors) are: Food Industry (Rp 24.5 trillion);
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (Rp 21.9 trillion); Transportation, Warehouse and
4. 4
Telecommunication (Rp 21.3 trillion); Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry (Rp 20.7 trillion); and
Non Metallic Mineral Industry (Rp 20.5 trillion). If the industrial sectors were combined, it can be
seen that the industrial sectors contribute Rp 89.0 trillion or 49.6% to the total domestic direct
investment realization.
Meanwhile, the DDI realization based on locations (five biggest locations) are: East Java (Rp 35.5
trillion); West Java (Rp 26.3 trillion); Special Territory of Jakarta (Rp 15.5 trillion); Central Java (Rp
15.4 trillion); and South Sumatera (Rp 10.9 trillion).
2. Foreign Direct Investment Realization
FDI realization based on sectors (five biggest sectors) are: Mining (US$ 4.0 billion); Transportation,
Warehouse and Telecommunication (US$ 3.3 billion); Metal, Machinery and Electronic Industry
(US$ 3.1 billion); Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (US$ 3.0 billion); and Real Estate, Industrial
Estate, and Office Building (US$ 2.4 billion). Meanwhile if the industrial sectors were combined, it
can be seen that the industrial sectors contribute US$ 11.8 billion atau 40.2% to the total foreign
direct investment realization.
FDI realization based on locations (five biggest locations) are: Special Territory of Jakarta (US$ 3.6
billion); East Java (US$ 2.6 billion); Banten (US$ 2.5 billion); and East Kalimantan (US$ 2.4 billion).
Foreign Direct Investment realization based on country of origin (five leading countries) are:
Singapore (US$ 5.9 billion); Malaysia (US$ 3.1 billion); Japan (US$ 2.9 billion); Netherlands (US$ 1.3
billion) and Korea Selatan (US$ 1.2 billion).
3. Distribution of Project Location
The distribution of project location in Q3-2015 in Java Island is Rp 296.7 trillion (54.4%) while
outside Java Island is Rp 248.7 trillion (45.6%). The portion of outside Java Island is increased by
24.5% compared to the same period in 2014 (Rp 199.8 trillion).
4. The investment realization based on Economic Corridors in January to December 2015 are as
follows:
a. The investment realization of Sumatera Economic Corridor is Rp 84.4 trillion (15.5%), consists
of Rp 37.8 trillion of DDI and US$ 3.7 billion of FDI. The leading sectors for the DDI are
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (Rp 9.6 trillion); Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry (Rp
6.5 trillion); Food Industry (Rp 4.7 trillion); Real Estate, Industrial Estate and Office Building
(Rp 2.8 trillion); and Paper and Printing Industry (Rp 2.8 trillion); while for the FDI are
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry (US$ 0.8 billion); Paper and Printing Industry (US$ 0.5
billion); Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (US$ 0.5 billion); Food Industry (US$ 0.4 billion); and
Mining (US$ 0.4 billion);
b. The investment realization of Java Economic Corridor is Rp 296.7 trillion (54.4%), consists of
Rp 103.8 trillion of DDI and US$ 15.4 billion of FDI. The leading sectors for the DDI are
Transportation, Warehouse and Telecommunication (Rp 19.9 trillion); Construction (Rp 16.7
trillion); Food Industry (Rp 14.1 trillion); Non Metallic Mineral Industry (Rp 11.0 trillion); and
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry (Rp 10.8 trillion) and for the FDI are Transportation,
Warehouse and Telecommunication (US$ 2.6 billion); Real Estate, Industrial Estate and Office
Building (US$ 2.0 billion); Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (US$ 1.9 billion); Transport
Equipment and Other Transport Industry (US$ 1.7 billion); and Metal, Machinery and
Electronic Industry (US$ 1.4 billion);
5. 5
c. The investment realization of Kalimantan Economic Corridor is Rp 93.0 trillion (17.1 %),
consists of Rp 20.0 trillion of DDI and US$ 5.8 trillion of FDI. The leading sectors for the DDI
are Food Crops and Plantation (Rp 7.7 trillion); Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry (Rp 3.4
trillion); Food Industry (Rp 3.0 trillion); Mining (Rp 1.8 trillion); and Hotel and Restaurant (Rp
1.3 trillion) while for the FDI are Mining (US$ 2.0 billion); Food Crops and Plantation (US$ 1.8
billion); Metal, Machinery and Electronic Industry (US$ 0.4 billion); Electricity, Gas and Water
Supply (US$ 0.4 billion); Real Estates, Industrial Estates and Office Building (US$ 0.4 billion);
d. The investment realization of Sulawesi Economic Corridor is Rp 33.2 trillion (6.1%), consists of
Rp 13.7 trillion of DDI and US$ 1.6 billion of FDI. The leading sectors for the DDI are Non Metal
Industry (Rp 7.1 trillion); Food Industry (Rp 2.3 trillion); Metal, Machinery and Electronic
Industry (Rp 1.3 trillion); Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (Rp 1.1 trillion); and Food Crops
and Plantation (Rp 1.0 trillion); and for the FDI are Metal, Machinery and Electronic Industry
(US$ 0.9 billion); Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry (US$ 0.2 billion); Mining (US$ 0.2
billion); Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (US$ 0.1 billion); and Food Industry (US$ 0.1 billion);
e. The investment realization of Bali and Nusa Tenggara Economic Corridor is Rp 18.7 trillion
(3.4%) consists of Rp 2.9 trillion of DDI and US$ 1.3 billion of FDI. The leading sectors for the
DDI are Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (Rp 1.2 trillion); Hotel and Restaurant (Rp 1.1
trillion); Food Industry (Rp 0.4 trillion); and Construction (Rp 0.1 trillion); and for the FDI are
Mining (US$ 0.5 billion); Hotel and Restaurant (US$ 0.3 billion); Transporation, Warehouse
and Telecommunication (US$ 0.2 billion) and Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (US$ 0.2
billion);
f. The investment realization of Maluku and Papua Economic Corridor is Rp 19.4 trillion (3.5 %),
consists of Rp 1.4 trillion of DDI and US$ 1.4 billion of FDI. The leading sectors for the DDI are
Food Crops and Plantation (Rp 1.3 trillion); Metal, Machinery and Electronic Industry (Rp 0.05
trillion); and Transporation, Warehouse and Telecommunication (Rp 0.03 trillion); while FDI
are Mining (US$ 0.9 billion); Metal, Machinery and Electronic Industry (US$ 0.2 billion); and
Non Metallic Mineral Industry (US$ 0.02 billion).