a simple Nuclear Waste Presentation

1. Nuclear Waste
By:
Namo Shwan I.
Marven Mazin N.
Ismail Sherzad
Rebaz Kawa M.
College Of Science - Salahaddin
University Environmental Department
Erbil, Kurdistan Region

2. Nuclear Waste :
Nuclear waste is the material that
nuclear fuel becomes after it is used in
a reactor
Composed of Radionuclides
Low,Medium, and High-Level waste
High-Level waste produced in nuclear
reactors to generate electricity
Produced from uranium and plutonium
during reactor operations and are
contained within the used fuel

3. Components of Nuclear Waste
Hydro Carbons
Radio isotops
Uranium
Mercury
Cyanide

4. Sources of nuclear waste:
Hospital, Labs, Nuclear fuel for Low-level waste
Resins, chemical sludge’s, reactor components for
Intermediate-Level waste
Actual used fuel, Main waste of reprocessing for High-
Level waste

5. Transportation of Nuclear
waste :
Waste materials are
transported worldwide on
public roads, railways and
ships.
Materials are shipped in
robust and secure
containers.
There have been accidents
over the years, but never one
in which a container with
highly radioactive material
has been breached, or has

6. How Man is Affected…?!

7. Other Impacts of Nuclear on Ecosystem

8. Treatment
Most common initial treatment of waste is
vitrification.
Waste is first mixed with sugar and then
passed through a heated tube to de-nitrite
the material.
This material is then fed into a furnace
and mixed with glass.
The molten glass mixture is poured into
steel cylinders and welded shut.

9. Reuse of Nuclear Waste :
Research is being performed to find uses for nuclear waste.
Cesium-137 and strontium-90 already used in industrial
applications.
Some waste can be used for radioisotope thermoelectric generators
(RTGs).
Overall can reduce total HLW but not eliminate it.

10. Lunch it into Space :
Near infinite storage space
Completely removes waste from biosphere
Technical risks and problems
Political entanglements

11. Conclusion :
Proper disposal of nuclear waste is still a challenging
issue that constrains the growth of nuclear power. The
most currently-used method for nuclear waste disposal
is storage, either using steel cylinders as radioactive
shield or using deep and stable geologic formations.