Artificial lift, particularly through sucker rod pumps, is crucial in the oil and gas industry for enhancing fluid extraction when reservoir pressure is low. The sucker rod pump, which has evolved from its historical roots, consists of various components working together to lift fluids from wells through a cyclical mechanism. While this method offers advantages like efficiency and durability, it also faces challenges such as mechanical wear and depth limitations.

1. ARTIFICIAL
LIFT
(SUCKER ROD
PUMP)
AHMED ASHRAF AHMED SHEHATA

2. Table of contents
ARTIFICIAL LIFT SUCKER ROD PUMP
THE PUMPING CYCLE LIMITATIONS
SURFACE ,SUBSURFACE
AND RODS
VIDEO ABOUT SRP
01
04
02
05
03
06
INTRODUCTION HISTORY
SRP
COMPONENET
THE
MECHANISIM
BROS AND
CONS CONCLUSION

3. ARTIFICIAL
LIFT
0
1
DEFINATION AND METHODS

4. Artificial Lift
Artificial lift is a technique used in the oil and gas industry to increase the flow of
liquids, such as crude oil or water, from a production well when natural reservoir
pressure is insufficient to bring the fluids to the surface. This method is essential
for maintaining and enhancing production rates, especially in wells where the
natural drive is weak or has depleted over time.

5. Types Of Artificial Lift:
. Sucker Rod (Beam) Pumping
. Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP)
. Gas Lift
. Hydraulic Pumping
. Plunger Lift
. Progressive Cavity Pump (PCP)
. Jet Pump

6. HISTORY
OF SRP
0
2

7. HISTORY OF SUCKER ROD PUMP:
● Early Beginnings Ancient Times:
The principle of using a walking
beam for pumping dates back
to at least 476 CE in Egypt1.
Early versions of pumps,
including double-acting pumps
made of wood and leather,
were used by the Romans1.
●19th Century 1859: The modern
use of sucker rods began with Edwin
Drake’s successful drilling of the first
commercial oil well in Titusville,
Pennsylvania1. The initial rods were
made of wood, such as ash or
hickory1.

8. HISTORY OF SUCKER ROD PUMP:
● 20th Century Early
1900s: Carbon-steel
box-and-pin rods were
developed, allowing for
deeper wells and more
demanding pumping
requirements1
1917: The weight of iron or steel
rod strings became a recognized
issue, leading to further
innovations in materials and
design1

9. SRP
COMPONENET
0
3

10. SURFACE
PUMPING UNIT
SUB-SURFACE
PUMP
ROD PUMP
SUCKER ROD
PUMP
COMPONENT

11. SURFACE PUMPING UNIT:
1. Prime Mover
Function: Provides the driving
power for the system. It can
be an electric motor or a gas
engine.
Role: Converts electrical or
chemical energy into
mechanical energy to drive
the pump.
2. Gear Reducer
Function: Reduces the high
rotational speed of the prime
mover to the required pumping
speed.
Role: Increases the torque
available at the slow-speed shaft,
which is essential for the
pumping operation.

12. 3. Pumping Unit
Walking Beam: Converts the rotary
motion of the prime mover into the
reciprocating motion needed for the
sucker rod.
Horse Head: Ensures vertical pull on the
sucker rod string
Samson Post: Supports the walking
beam.
4. Polished Rod and Stuffing Box
Polished Rod: The top-most rod in the rod
string, which passes through the stuffing
box.
Stuffing Box: Maintains a seal around the
polished rod to prevent fluid leakage

13. 5. Rod Rotators
Function: Rotate
the sucker rod
string to
distribute wear
evenly and
extend the life of
the rods.
6. Pumping Tees and
Check Valves
Pumping Tees: Direct
the flow of fluids
from the well to the
surface equipment.
Check Valves:
Prevent backflow
and ensure that the
fluid flows in the
desired direction
7. Surface Valves
Function: Control the
flow of fluids and
provide safety
mechanisms to shut off
the flow in case of an
emergency.

15. THE
MECHANISI
M
0
4
PUMPING CYCLE

16. The Mechanisim:
1-Drive Mechanism: The surface unit, typically powered by a motor, generates
a rotary motion.
2-Vertical Motion: This rotary motion is converted into vertical motion
through a series of linkages.
3-Up-and-Down Movement: The sucker rod, connected to these linkages,
moves up and down inside the well.
4-Pump Operation: This vertical motion is transferred to the downhole pump,
creating the suction needed to lift fluids (like oil) from the reservoir to the
surface

17. Downhole mechansim
● A downhole pump, often used in oil and gas production, operates through a series of coordinated
movements to lift fluids from the reservoir to the surface. Here’s a simplified explanation of its
mechanism:
● Pump Chamber: The pump consists of a chamber where the fluid is collected.
● Plunger: Inside the chamber, there’s a plunger that moves up and down.
● Valves: There are two main valves - the traveling valve (attached to the plunger) and the standing
valve (fixed at the bottom of the chamber).
Working Cycle:
● Downstroke: As the plunger moves down, the traveling valve opens, allowing fluid to flow above
the plunger while the standing valve remains closed.
● Upstroke: When the plunger moves up, the traveling valve closes, and the standing valve opens,
allowing fluid to be lifted above the plunger and into the tubing.
● This cycle repeats, continuously lifting fluid to the surface. The efficiency of this process depends
on the precise timing and coordination of the valves and the plunger.

19. BROS AND
CONS
0
5

20. Advantages :
● Efficiency: It provides an effective means of mechanical lifting, allowing for the
extraction of fluids from great depths.
● Durability: Made from high-strength steel alloys, sucker rods are designed to
withstand harsh well conditions and continuous operation.
● Cost-Effectiveness: Their simple design and ease of maintenance make them a cost-
effective solution for oil extraction.
● Versatility: Sucker rods can be used in various types of wells, accommodating
different production requirements.
● Reliability: They ensure consistent and reliable performance, which is crucial for
maintaining steady production rates.

21. Disadvantages:
● Mechanical Wear and Tear: The constant up-and-down motion can cause significant
wear on the rods and the tubing, leading to frequent maintenance and replacement.
● Energy Inefficiency: Sucker rod systems can be less energy-efficient compared to
other artificial lift methods, leading to higher operational costs.
● Depth Limitations: They are generally less effective in very deep wells due to the
increased weight and potential for buckling.
● Corrosion and Scaling: The rods are susceptible to corrosion and scaling, which can
reduce their lifespan and efficiency.
● Operational Challenges: In wells with high dogleg severity (sharp bends), the
mechanical friction between the rod string and the production tubing can cause rod
or coupling failures.

22. CONCLUSION
0
6

24. ASSIGNMENT :
What is artificial lift?
Why we use artificial lift?
What types of artificial lift methods?
what is sucker rod?
Why it is called sucker rod?
What is the history of using sucker rod pump?

25. References:
● https://www.slb.com/resource-library/oilfield-review/defining-series/defi
ning-artificial-lift
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucker_rod
● https://petrowiki.spe.org/Surface_equipment_for_sucker_rod_lift
● https://copilot.microsoft.com
● Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology
● https://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/
specialized_industrial_products/mining_equipment/sucker_rods

26. Thanks
!
Ahmedashraf1752@gmail.com
+20 01000942532