Android Workshop at @majug by @derwildemomo and @elektrojunge

Android
Overview – Structure – Development

Freitag, 15. Oktober 2010

English slides
Still hoping for an english attendend, though.


Benjamin Reimold
• Angewandte Informatik @ DHBW
Stuttgart
• Mobile Development, (Android/WinMo/…)
• started with JEE, a lot of .Net recently
• also a music and book addict,...
• aformatik Training & Consulting
• Twitter: @elektrojunge
• Member of GTUG NA

Moritz Haarmann
• BSc @ HdM Stuttgart, Medieninformatik
• Mobile-Development, iPhone & Android
• Too much Java EE
• Vollzeit-Nerd
• CaperWhite GmbH
• Twitter: @derwildemomo
• Founder of GTUG NA

Agenda

• Mobile operating systems - overview
• Android fundamentals
• The walkthrough
• Android market
• Other interesting stuff


Mobile Operating
Systems
Overview & Comparison


Android OS
• Free, almost open source
• Based on a Linux kernel and a custom
virtual machine (more later)
• Most smartphones bought in the US are
Androids ( 8/2010 )
• Google, you know.


Apple iOS
• Most popular smartphone OS for
consumers
• Growing importance for usage in
enterprise („consumerized IT“)
• Closed, yet very powerful platform
• Based on Unix
• Requires: Objective-C skills, money & a mac

Blackberry OS
• Widely used in corporate environments
• High security standards & detailed
administration (BES)
• Uses Java technology (Java ME +
proprietary stuff)
• Closely linked with the online services
offered


Windows Phone 7

• „In the wild“ – still matters
• Lost market share dramatically over the
last years
• Windows Phone 7 to bring Microsoft back
• Windows Phone 7 ~ iOS 2


US Smartphone Market
Shares - „in the wild“
iPhone Android Linux WiMo RIM WebOS
Symbian

• overall smartphone
4%2%
penetration

• 23%
35%
28%

• lates numbers from Nielsen

• Android 19% Share of Nokia Phones
Worldwide Gartner 2010:
9%

•
34,2 % Nokia Handys including
3% phones
Blackberry 31% 19% feature

In August, Android phones were

•
the most sold mobile OS in the US
iPhone 28% Nielsen, Q1/2010
http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/iphone-vs-android/


Android Fundamentals
OS Structure – Concepts


Architecture
Applications

Application Framework
basically everything your application will interact with

Libraries Android Runtime
think of Freetype, WebKit, SQLite (Android libraries & Dalvik VM)

Linux Kernel
HAL – Power Management – IPC – …


Dalvik VM Größte Optimierung
statischer Art: globaler
Constant Pool für alle Klassen
eines Pakets.

Andere Opcodes (2 byte statt
1 byte)

• Runtime for applications (1 VM per der InstallationByte Order,
Bei
optimiert, z.B. bei
wird noch

application!)
Inline Functions, Static
linking...

• Heavily optimized for mobile devices
• Custom executable format (.dex)
• Based on Apache Harmony JVM
implementation
• Not able to run Java Bytecode, no Java VM

Tools
• Eclipse
+ Android Developer Tools
+ Android Debugging Bridge
+ Emulator or Device
• everything but the device is 100% free
• Code Generator: droidBreeder, only
rudimentary
• UI Tool: DroidDraw
• MDD approach with Xtext, Acceleo, EMF

- „Shortcomings?“
-„We call it personality!“
• No SOAP libraries included
• No „properties“-ﬁle as in Java but similar
mechanism using the „res“-folder
• No native device/sd card encryption
• Limitted device management api


Terms you should know
or have heard of


Activity

• Fundamental application building block
• „One screen“
• Lifecycle methods
• Create – resume – pause – destroy – …
• The „V“ and the „C“ in MVC


Intents
• „Abstract Description of an operation to
be performed“
• Android speciﬁc event mechanism
• Late binding
• Can be created and received at runtime
• IPC

Application Context

• Runtime object provided by the system
• Look up services
• IPC
• Anything outside your app is likely to use
the context at some point


Other terms & stuff
• Services – background activities without UI
• Content provider – shareable data stores
• Broadcast receiver – listeners for global
intents
• Bundle - a bundle of „extra“ information
• The Manifest ﬁle – sounds familiar, doesn‘t
it?


Development Walkthrough
Ready, Set..


• What does the app do?
• Create a project
• The DDMS perspective
• Project structure
• Create a virtual device
• With or without Google APIs?
• Layout the 1st activity

• Create the activity
• AndroidManifest.xml
• The Java fun begins!
• actually writing the ﬁrst activity
• Persisting stuff with SQLite
• Accessing lists with Adapters
• HTTP-Calls
• Adding a Menu

Things to keep in mind
• Have a good user experience!
• Pay attention to the UI!
• Think about performance!
• Avoid object allocation (use static ﬁnal
attributes, avoid collections,...)!
• Consider different target devices!
• Pay more attention to the UI!

The Android Market
• Register as a developer for $29 using Google
google checkout und
paypal?

Checkout and agree to the license
• ~80.000 Apps (and growing)
• Not available worldwide but increased availability
• Signiﬁcantly more free apps than paid ones
(numbers vary, though)
• Needs a google account AND „google checkout“
for paid apps
• Alternative markets?

Other interesting stuff
• Google Developer Events (not only on
Android) & Android Barcamps
• It‘s hard to get info directly from Google
(improvements planned)
• User groups (www.gtugs.org) & Android
Meet-ups
• Fragmentation Issues?!
• Patent problem (Oracle‘s lawsuit)?!
• Piracy problems?!

Some advertiseing
There‘s the 1st event using „our new name“

Stuttgart GTUG
2.11.2010, 18h, Android Tech Talks
Location: DHBW Stuttgart, Stuttgart-Mitte
Website: www.gtugna.gtugs.org


Thanks!
and now: Q&A!


Android Workshop at @majug by @derwildemomo and @elektrojunge

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