2. CURRENT EMPLOYMENT SITUATION
India's official unemployment rate last year(2022) was 3.8%.
The proportion of poor amongst those employed is very high.
Only 8% of total employment is in the organized sector.
Total employment across sectors is just 60% (organized sector)
There is a steep decline in the female employment workforce of about 30%
About 40 percent of the self-employed in rural areas felt that their income of less
than Rs 1,500 per month
3. • Government jobs: The government sector is a major employer of older
workers in India.
• Teaching: There is a growing demand for teachers in India, and many older
workers are finding jobs in government schools and private schools.
• Healthcare: The healthcare sector is also growing rapidly, and there are many
job opportunities available for older workers in areas such as nursing,
therapy, and administration.
• Administration: There are also many administrative jobs available in the
private sector, such as office management, human resources, and customer
service.
• Volunteering: Volunteering is also a popular option for older workers, and
there are many opportunities available in areas such as education, healthcare,
and social welfare.
Introduction
4. Problem
• Age discrimination: Some employers may be
reluctant to hire people who are over 45 years
old, even if they are qualified for the job.
• Lack of experience in new technologies: The job
market in India is constantly changing, and new
technologies are emerging all the time.
• Lack of opportunities for career growth: In some
cases, older workers may find that there are
limited opportunities for career growth.
5. Target Market
Experienced professionals: This group includes people
who have been working in their field for many years and
have a wealth of knowledge and expertise.
Mid-career professionals: This group includes people who
are in their 40s and 50s and are looking to make a change
in their careers.
Retirees: This group includes people who have retired
from their full-time jobs but are still looking for ways to
stay active and engaged.
6. Employment and growth, India aggregate, 1991-
2008. Sources: Author's illustration based on CSO
(2011a, 2011b) and MoF (2011).
7. First (1951-1956) and (1956-1961) second five-year plan
• The Indian economy was still in its early stages of
development, and there were not many jobs available.
• There was a lot of age discrimination in the workplace,
and older workers were often passed over to younger
and more energetic employees.
• Many older workers had not had the opportunity to get a
good education, which made it difficult for them to find
jobs.
As a result, many older workers were forced to retire early
or take on menial jobs that did not utilize their skills and
experience
Phase 1: Independence to mid 1960s
8. The Indian economy grew rapidly during this period,
creating more job opportunities. There was a
decrease in age discrimination in the workplace, as
employers began to recognize the value of older
workers' experience and skills. More older workers
had the opportunity to get a good education, which
made them more competitive in the job market. As
Computers or other technology saw a rapid increase
in those decades, employees above 45 saw a backlash
because, in that age no one was able to learn
computers. So there is no scope for above 45.
Phase 2 : Mid 1960s to 80s
9. This decade, employment saw a rapid change
because as the decade changes, the mechanism of
work also changes in this decade.
Microsoft also comes into the market at this time.
In India, the lockout thing comes in this time, due
to the financial fluctuations going on in the 80s
few organizations like Remington Rand which
were just started in 1988 lockout in the year 1991,
so many employees in this organization were
above 45, they have to suffer too much for this and
they didn't get any pf and pension.
So the 1980s is the worst decade for job-
seeking employees.
Phase 3: 1980 to early 1990s
10. FDI in retail can create 3 million jobs in three years including both direct and
indirect jobs.
In 10 years time, 10 million jobs would be created (4 million direct jobs and
around 5-6 million indirect jobs).
One job would be created for every 250 square feet area in retail.
The retail industry is estimated to grow at 20% per annum.
FDI in the insurance sector from 26% to 49%, without having any impact on the
public insurance companies is going to make way for employment.
FDI in the aviation sector will help in generating employment in front-hand and
back-hand jobs.
SCOPE FOR FURTHUR STUDIES:
FDI
11. Solution
The scope of the jobs after 45 years in India has changed
significantly over time. There are now many more
opportunities available for older employees, and they are not
limited to traditional sectors (in the 80s) such as government
and healthcare. Older workers can find jobs in a variety of
industries, including IT, finance, and consulting. However,
there are still some challenges that older workers face in the
Indian job market. These challenges include age
discrimination, lack of opportunities, and the need to upskill
and reskill. Despite these challenges, older workers can find
successful and fulfilling careers in India.
