Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience is a model that illustrates a continuum of different types of experiences from most concrete to most abstract, ranging from direct experiences to verbal symbols, and it suggests that students learn better when lessons incorporate a variety of experience types. The model shows how different media and teaching methods can be classified based on their position on the cone from most engaging to least engaging. The document outlines the bands in Dale's cone from most engaging like direct experiences to least engaging like verbal symbols, and it compares the cone to Bruner's three-tiered model of the learning process from enactive to iconic to symbolic representations.

1. MODULE 5
LESSON 1: EDGAR
DALE'S CONE OF
EXPERIENCE

2. At the end of the 60 minute period, 85% of the students
will be able to:
Familiarized with Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience and
given classroom exercises that perfectly illustrate each
of its layers.
Realize the importance of employing the cone of
experience to create an environment that is conducive to
learning and its implications for teaching.
Reflect on Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience to design and
evaluate strategies for enhancing learning experience.
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1
3

3. "The cone is a visual
analogy, and like all
analogies, it does not bear
an exact and detailed
relationship to the complex
elements it represents“
- Edgar Dale

4. 1. Milieu - the learning environment
2. Matter - the content of learning
3. Method - teaching and learning activities
4. Material - resources of learning
EIGHT M‘s OF TEACHING

5. 5. Media - communication system
6. Motivation - arousing and sustaining
interest in learning
7. Mastery - internalization of learning
8. Measurements - evidence that learning
took place
EIGHT M‘s OF TEACHING

6. Cone of Experience
Visual model shows a continuum
of learning a pictorial device that
presents bands of experience.

7. DALE (1969)
 The pattern of arrangements of the bands
experience is not difficulty but degree of
abstraction.
• In our teaching, we do not always begin with the
direct experience at the base of the cone. We begin
with the kind of experience that is most appropriate
to the needs and abilities of particular learning
situation (Dale, 1969 as cited in B. Corpuz and P.
Lucido, 2012)

8. VERBAL SYMBOLS
VISUAL SYMBOLS
RECORDINGS RADIO STILL PICTURES
MOTION PICTURES
EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION
EXHIBITS
STUDY TRIPS
DEMONSTRATIONS
DRAMATIZED EXPERIENCES
DIRECT PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCES
CONTRIVED EXPERIENCES
The Bands
in dale’s
Cone of
Experience

9. DIRECT PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCES - foundation of
experiencing learning
CONTRIVED EXPERIENCES - models, miniatures or
mock up are used
DRAMATIZED EXPERIENCES - reconstructed through
role playing or dramatization
DEMONSTRATIONS - an actual execution of procedure
or process
The Bands in dale’s Cone of Experience

10. STUDY STRIPS - certain locations to observe
situation
EXHIBITS - These are displays of models such as
pictures, artifacts, posters, among others that provide
the message or information.
TELEVISION AND MOTION PICTURES - These
technology equipment provide a two- dimensional
reconstruction of a reality.
The Bands in dale’s Cone of Experience

11. RECORDINGS RADIO, STILL PICTURES - Still are
pictures or images.
VISUAL SYMBOLS - These are more abstract
representations of the concept or the information
VERBAL SYMBOLS - This category appears to be the
most abstract because they may not exactly look like
the concept or object they represent but are symbols,
words, codes or formulae.
The Bands in dale’s Cone of Experience

12. Jerome Brunner’s three-tiered model of
learning process
ENACTIVE – a series of actions
ICONIC – a series of illustrations or icons
SYMBOLIC – a series of symbols

13. VERBAL SYMBOLS
VISUAL SYMBOLS
RECORDINGS RADIO, STILL PICTURES
MOTION PICTURES
EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION
EXHIBITS
STUDY TRIPS
DEMONSTRATION
DRAMATIZED EXPERIENCES
DIRECT PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCES
CONTRIVED EXPERIENCES
Bands of the Cone of Experience
SYMBOLIC
ICONIC
ENACTIVE

14. REFLECTION PAPER:
DIRECTION: In one whole yellow paper. Using the
Edgar dale’s cone of experience, in an essay format
that consists of only 300 words:
• How does Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience theory
impact the design and effectiveness of educational
materials and methods? Provide specific examples to
support your analysis.

15. DIRECTION: Comparative analysis: In yellow paper.
Compare Edgar dale’s cone of experience with other
learning theories, such as bloom’s taxonomy or Kolb’s
experiential learning model. Highlight the similarities and
differences.