CCTV cameras are used in closed circuit television systems to capture video that is transmitted to a control location rather than being broadcast. The basic elements of a CCTV system include cameras, monitors, controllers, multiplexers, and recorders. Cameras come in different types including monochrome, color, analogue, digital, and day/night models. Resolution, appearance, and functions also vary between camera types.

1. CCTV Cameras

2. What is CCTV Introduction to Closed Circuit Television As the name implies, it is a system in which the circuit is closed and all the elements are directly connected. This is unlike broadcast television where any receiver that is correctly tuned can pick up the signal from the airwaves. Directly connected in this context includes systems linked by microwave, infrared beams, etc.

3. ELEMENTS OF CCTV CAMERA MONITOR CONTROLLERS QUAD / SWITCHERS MULTIPLEXERS MATRIX SWITCHER / TELEMETRY RECORDERS TL VCR DVR KEYBOARD / JOYSTICK

4. A Simple System

5. Multiple Camera System

6. System With Recording

7. CAMERA The starting point for any CCTV system must be the camera. The camera creates the picture that will be transmitted to the control position. Apart from special designs CCTV cameras are not fitted with a lens. The lens must be provided separately and screwed onto the front of the camera. There is a standard screw thread for CCTV cameras, although there are different types of lens mounts.

8. Monochrome Colour Analogue Digital Day / Night PCB ‘ Bullet’ and various other specialist units Types of Cameras Available

9. Monochrome Black and white, not colour

10. Colour PAL (Phase Alternate Line.) Colour TV system used in the UK SECAM ( System Electronique Couleur Avec Memorie) Colour TV system used in France NTSC (National television Standards Committee) Color TV system used in the USA

11. Analogue A signal in which any level is represented by a directly proportional voltage; not digital

12. Digital A signal that levels are represented by binary numbers. These can be kept in a store A digital camera of high class can be remotely setup from a laptop or back at the control room

13. Resolution Low Resolution 300TVL up to 380TVL High Resolution 380TVL to around 580TVL TVL is Television Lines Resolution

14. A Day Night Camera is a unit that once the light level reaches an insufficient level, it changes automatically from Day mode to Night mode – from Colour to Monochrome. Digital Slow Shutter Mode IR Cut Filter Used for external applications such as prisons, oil refineries, town / city centres. Day / Night

15. Printed Circuit Board Camera. The minimum amount of electronics placed onto a circuit board with a fixed focal lens. The smallest available is around an inch square and around half an inch thick including the lens. Quite often fitted with a microphone. Used for very low end applications as the resolution is normally around 280 – 380 max. Ideal for covert operations. Little voltage required.

16. Dome Camera Vandal Dome Camera PTZ Camera Speed Dome Camera Pan Tilt Drive Camera Module Camera Indoor Camera Outdoor Camera Camera Types (Appearance)

17. Vandal Dome Module Speed Dome Dome Oudoor Pan Tilt Head