The document outlines essential definitions and components of research, including technical and operational definitions, methodology, and the structure of research papers. Key elements discussed are abstracts, introductions, data, theories, conclusions, discussions, literature reviews, and the importance of avoiding plagiarism. It also highlights specific terms related to grammar, academic performance, and activities, along with true/false statements to reinforce understanding.

1. TECHNICAL & OPERATIONAL
DEFINITIONS
GRADE 10

2. RESEARCH
is defined a systematic and
scientific process to answer
questions about facts and
relationship between facts

3. TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN
RESEARCH

4. ABSTRACT
summarizes all sections and helps
readers decide whether or not to read
the entire report

5. INTRODUCTION
presents background information,
scope, and focus of the research
paper

6. DATA
actual information [as measurements
or statistics] used as a basis for
reasoning, discussion, or calculation.

7. THEORY
a general explanation about a specific
behavior or set of events that is based on
known principles and serves to organize
related events in a meaningful way.

8. CONCLUSION
provides the summary of the
research.

9. DISCUSSION
evaluates the results of the study or
research.

10. LITERATURE REVIEW
provides a review of what others
have written or researched on
concerning the topic.

11. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
offers a logical structure of
connected concepts that help provide
a picture or visual display of how
ideas in a study relate to one another
within the theoretical framework
(Grant & Osanloo, 2014).

12. RESEARCH DESIGN
the game plan or method for finding
out what you want to know.

13. METHODOLOGY
systematic approaches to the
conduct of an operation or process. It
includes steps of procedure,
application of techniques, systems of
reasoning or analysis, and the modes
of inquiry employed by a discipline.

14. PLAGIARISM
Plagiarism is the appropriation of
another person’s ideas, processes,
results, or words without giving
appropriate credit.

15. REFERENCE
lists all the sources used in the
research

16. DEFINITION OF TERMS
An alphabetical list of important
terms. acronyms, jargons used in the
research study.

17. JARGONS
Terminologies only understood by
people in a certain group.

18. STRUCTURE
Dictionary Engineering Linguistic
it is a manner by which
something is built or
organized
a configuration of steel
beams that serve as the
foundation of a
building.
Refers to the
arrangement of words

19. TECHNICAL & OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION

20. TECHNICAL DEFINITION
Universal meaning of the term
 Definition comes from different
reference materials such Dictionaries,
encyclopedias, books, journals, and
even websites.

21. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
How the term is applied or used in the research.
Specific definition of a concept in a research
study.
 Use the Phrase “ as used in the study” to give
signal that the next statement is the operational
definition of the term.

22. GRAMMAR SKILLS
Technical Definition Operational Definition
According to espeland 2017, these
refer to the students’ knowledge
of form, structures, and meaning
that exist in grammar.
As used in this study, these refer
to the ability of students to
choose correct form of words
based on grammar rules as
revealed by the results of the
diagnostic test.

23. ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
A B
It refers to the overall performance of
the students in a particular quarter
(Napone, 2017)
As used in this study, it refers to the
final grade of the students in English 10

24. HEART
A B
Passion, will and determination. Hollow Muscular organ.

25. RED
A B
Type of color Symbolizes Love

26. STUDENTS
A B
A person formally engaged in learning. As used in this study, these are the
participants in survey/interview.

27. ACTIVITY
Words to be defined Technical Definition Operational Definiton
Road
Dove
Food

28. Direction: Write T if the statement is true and F if it’s false.
___1. Abstract is the overview of your research.
___2. Introduction presents background information, scope, and focus of the research paper
___3. Sources are factual information.
___4. Theory explains a certain phenomenon.
___5. Findings provides the summary of the research
___6. Discussion evaluates the results of the study or research
___7. Research Design is the game plan of your research.
___8. Methodology is the systematic approaches to the conduct of an operation or process.
___9. Plagiarism is misconduct in research.
___10. Reference lists all the sources used in the research.