SKSE Securities Ltd is a stock brokerage firm established in 2000 as a subsidiary of Saurashtra Kutch Stock Exchange Ltd. The report provides an overview of the company and the stock trading industry in India. It discusses the history of stock exchanges in India and worldwide dating back to the 18th century. The report also provides details on SKSE Securities' memberships in the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange, with a daily turnover of Rs. 55-60 crores serving over 30,000 small investors.

1. A
SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT
ON
INVESTING PATTERN OF INDIVIDUAL INVESTOR
AT
SKSE SECURITIES LTD
Prepared By:
Hemang Malaviya
M.B.A. - SEMESTER-II
Academic Year 2011-2012
Roll No.-1 Enrollment No.-117030592014
ATMIYA INSTIUTE
OF
TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
RAJKOT(IN-Gujarat)
Submited to:-Gujarat Technological University
Under Guidance Of
Assist.Prof:-Nishant Dhruv

2. College certificate

3. Company certificate

4. DECLARATION

5. PREFACE
According to me the practical study is more important than
theoretical study. Practical studies are the part of M.B.A. Degree.
This is a basic Requirement of any Professional student.
As an entrepreneurship the practical training very helpful to get
the practical knowledge about the working of industry and seeing the
atmosphere of business units. With the help of this training, students
develop his skills about business field and get an information
regarding How to start a Business.
As a Management student, I had got a big an opportunity to
prepare a project on a ―SKSE SECURITIES LTD‖. These 45 days is a
great experience for me. I have tried my level best to get required
information about stock market.

6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This is an Opportunity for me take a practical training. Theories
knowledge is good but practical knowledge is necessary for any M.B.A.
LEARNERS. The same way without any practical experience, a person has
to go through a big challenge regarding this project.‖ I would like to all
those persons who have helped me directly or indirectly in completing this
report.
I would like to thank Gujarat Technological University &
Atmiya Institute Of Technology & Science for providing me an opportunity
to get practical knowledge apart from theoretical knowledge.
And also thank my project guide PROF. Nishant Dhruv for giving
me super guidance to prepare this report. I would also like to thank Mr.
Ashok koyani Chief Executive Officer of ―SKSE SECURITIES LTD.‖ & all
the staff members and also the peon, who have provided me all necessary
information.

7. Content
Sr. No. Particulars Page No.
1 Industry Overview 8
2 Company Overview 9
3 Research Topic 10
4 Literature Review 14
5 R e s e a r c h Pr o b l e 15
6 Research Objectives 17
7 Hypothesis 18
8 Research Methodology 19
9 DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION
10 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
11 RECOMMENDATION & SUGGESTIONS
12 RESEARCH FINDINGS & CONCLUSION

8. 13 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
14 IMPLICATION OF THE STUDY
15 SCOPE OF THE FUTURE STUDY
16 ANNEXTURE
17 BIBILOGRAPHY

9. HISTORY
 STOCK TRADING HISTORY IN WORLD
The world's foremost marketplace New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE), started its trading under a tree (now known as 68 Wall
Street) over 200 years ago. Similarly, India's premier stock exchange
Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) can also trace back its origin to as
far as 125 years when it started as a voluntary non-profit making
association.
All stock exchanges perform similar functions with respect to the
listing, trading, and clearing of securities, differing only in their
administrative machinery for handling these functions. Most stock
exchanges are auction markets, in which prices are determined by
competitive bidding. The need for stock exchanges developed out of
early trading activities in agricultural and other commodities. During
the middle Ages, traders found it easier to use credit that required
supporting documentation of drafts, notes and bills of exchange. At
the same time, stock exchanges began to materialize in other trading
centers like the Netherlands (Amsterdam Bourse), Frankfurt (the

10. Deutsche Stock Exchange, formerly the Börse) the London Stock
Exchange (LSE) in England and Milan (the Borsa).
European exchanges that opened in the 1600s and 1700s
included those in Belgium, Spain, Portugal, and Sweden.
 STOCK TRADING HISTORY IN INDIA
The stock trading history in India is obscured in the mists of time.
Historical records, as and where they exist, rarely speak about business
and speculative activity except in passing. However, the origin of stock
broking in the country may go back to a time, when shares, debentures
and bonds representing titles to property were first issued on the
condition of transfer from one person to another and the earliest record
of dealings in securities in India is the East India Company's loan
securities, way back in the 18th century.
The first stock exchange in India, Bombay Stock Exchange was
established in 1875 as 'The Native Share and Stockbrokers Association'
and has evolved over the years into its present status as the premier
stock exchange in the country. It may be noted that BSE is the oldest
stock exchange in Asia, even older than the Tokyo Stock Exchange,
which was founded in 1878. The country's second stock exchange was
established in Ahmedabad in 1894, followed by the Calcutta Stock
Exchange (CSE). CSE can also trace its origin back to 19th century.
From a get together under a 'neem tree' way back in the 1830s, the CSE
was formally established in May 1908.

11. India's other major stock exchange National Stock Exchange
(NSE), promoted by leading financial institutions, was established in
April 1993. Over the years, several stock exchanges have been
established in the major cities of India.
There are now 23 recognised stock exchanges — Mumbai (BSE,
NSE and OTC), Calcutta, Delhi, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Bangalore,
Bhubhaneswar, Coimbatore, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kochi,
Kanpur, Ludhiana, Mangalore, Patna, Pune, Rajkot, Vadodara, Indore
and Meerut. Today, most of the global stock exchanges have become
highly efficient, computerised organisations. Computerised networks
also made it possible to connect to each other and have fostered the
growth of an open, global securities market

12. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
P RO F I L E O F SK SE S EC U RI T I ES L T D
SKSE securities Ltd. Is a subsidiary of Saurashtra
K u t c h S t o c k E xc h a n g e L t d . I t wa s e s t a b l i s h e d o n 2 8 t h
J a n u a r y , 2 0 0 0 a n d i t h a s s t a r t e d i t s t r a d i n g a c t i vi t i e s a s a
m e mb e r o f t h e S t o c k E xc h a n g e , Mu mb a i o n 1 0 t h A p r i l , 2 0 0 0
a n d a s a m e m b e r o f Na t i o n S t o c k E xc h a n g e o f I n d i a L t d . o n
6 t h S e p t e mb e r , 2 0 0 0 .
At present, only the members of the parent body i.e.
S a u r a s h t r a K u t c h S t o c k E xc h a n g e L t d . C a n t r a d e t h r o u g h
S u b s i d i a r y C o mp a n y b y b e c o mi n g S u b - B r o k e r f o r t h e S t o c k
E xc h a n g e , M u mb a i a n d / o r Na t i o n a l S t o c k E xc h a n g e o f I n d i a
L t d . I t i s h a vi n g d a i l y t u r n o ve r o f Rs . 5 5 - 6 0 c r o r e s a n d i s
s e r vi n g m o r e t h a n 3 0 , 0 0 0 s ma l l I n ve s t o r s t h r o u g h i t s B r o k i n g
a n d D. P . A c t i vi t i e s a n d i s wo r k i n g i n t h e b e s t i n t e r e s t o f t h e
I n ve s t o r s a n d Ca p i t a l Ma r k e t b y c o ve r i n g t h e s m a l l e s t p l a c e
i n t h e wi d e r e g i o n .
B S E ME MB E RS H I P
I n o r d e r t o r e vi ve t h e R e g i o n a l S t o c k E xc h a n g e , S E B I
h a s p e r m i t t e d t h e S t o c k E xc h a n g e s t o f l o a t S u b s i d i a r y
C o mp a n i e s a n d a c q u i r e me mb e r s h i p o f b i g g e s t S t o c k
E xc h a n g e s . T h e S a u r a s h t r a K u t c h S t o c k E xc h a n g e L t d . , h a s
t h e r e f o r e f l o a t e d a s u b s i d i a r y n a me l y S K S E S e c u r i t i e s L t d .
a n d o n 1 1 t h Fe b r u a r y, 2 0 0 0 i t a c q u i r e d m e m b e r s h i p o f t h e
S t o c k E xc h a n g e , Mu mb a i a n d s t a r t e d c o m me r ci a l t r a d i n g
from 11th April ,2000.More than 70 members of the
S a u r a s h t r a K u t c h S t o c k E xc h a n g e h a ve b e c o m e s u b - b r o k e r
o f t h e s u b s i d i a r y a n d s t a r t e d t r a d i n g i n B S E - Ca s h s e g me n t .

13. T h e s u b s i d i a r y h a s r e c o r d e d a n A n n u a l T u r n o ve r o f Rs . 1 3 0 0
c r o r e s i n t h e ye a r 2 0 0 4 - 0 5 .
N S E M EM B ERS H I P
O u r Co mp a n y h a s a l s o a c q u i r e d me mb e r s h i p o f Ca s h
S e g me n t o f t h e N a t i o n a l S t o c k E xc h a n g e o f I n d i a L t d ( NS E )
o n 6 t h S e p t e mb e r , 2 0 0 2 .

14. COMPANY OVERVIEW
Introduction of SKSE SECURITIES LTD IN SHORT
Name of Firm : SKSE SECURITIES LTD.
Year of Establishment : 2000
Chief Executive Officer : Mr. Ashok H. Koyani
Board of Directors : Shri V.P. VAISHNAV (DIRECTOR)
Shri N.M. JADEJA (DIRECTOR)
Shri R.M. PAREKH (DIRECTOR)
Shri P.N.BODA (DIRECTOR)
Shri GARISHKARIA (DIRECTOR)
Address : SKSE SECURITIES LTD.
“Popat Sorathiya Bhavan”,
Sadar Bazar,
Rajkot-360 001

15. Phone No : (0281) 3041280, 3041281, 3041281
E-Mail : info@sksesl.com
Website : www.SKSE SECURITIES LTD .com
FORM OF ORGANISATION : Ltd.
WEEKLY OFF : Sunday

18. 2 . B SE ME MB E R SH IP
Bombay Stock Exchange Limited
Bombay Stock Exchange Limited is the oldest stock exchange
in Asia with a rich heritage. Popularly known as "BSE", it was
established as "The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association" in
1875. It is the first stock exchange in the country to obtain permanent
recognition in 1956 from the Government of India under the
Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956. Earlier an Association of
Persons (AOP), the Exchange is now a demutualised and
corporatised entity incorporated under the provisions of the
Companies Act, 1956.
The Exchange has a nation-wide reach with a presence in 417
cities and towns of India. The systems and processes of the
Exchange are designed to safeguard market integrity and enhance

19. transparency in operations. During the year 2004-2005, the trading
volumes on the Exchange showed robust growth.
The Exchange provides an efficient and transparent market for
trading in equity, debt instruments and derivatives. The BSE's On
Line Trading System (BOLT) is a proprietary system of the Exchange
and is BS 7799-2-2002 certified. The surveillance and clearing &
settlement functions of the Exchange are ISO 9001:2000 certified.
Vision statement of BSE:
"Emerge as the premier Indian stock exchange by establishing
global benchmarks

20. 3 . N S E ME MB E R SH IP
National Stock Exchange Limited
The Organization:
The National Stock Exchange of India Limited has genesis in
the report of the High Powered Study Group on Establishment of New
Stock Exchanges, which recommended promotion of a National
Stock Exchange by financial institutions (FIs) to provide access to
investors from all across the country on an equal footing.
On its recognition as a stock exchange under the Securities
Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 in April 1993, NSE commenced
operations in the Wholesale Debt Market (WDM) segment in June
1994. The Capital Market (Equities) segment commenced operations
in November 1994 and operations in Derivatives segment
commenced in June 2000.

21. 4. ORGANIZATION CHART
Board of Directors
C.E.O.
GENERAL MANAGER
Compliance Demat / Server Account
Operation Depart.
(HOD))& Trade Modificat (HOD)
Services
ion-dept (HOD)
Inquiry Settle (HOD)
(HOD) KYC
Dept ment
DEPT
Dept.
(HOD)
Cash counter trade receive maintenance
department Window

23. Content
Sr. No. Particulars Page No.
1 Concept of depository 22
2 Account Opening 31
3 Dematerialization 33
4 Rejection Application 38
5 Collection 39
6 Trade Settlement 40
7 Rematerialisation 42
8 Pledge 43
9 Unpledge 45
10 Billing 47
11 Account Transmission 48
12 freeze/unfreeze 50
13 Account closing 52

24. 1. CONCEPT OF DEPOSITORY
A depository is a facility for holding securities, which enables
securities transactions to be processed by book entry. To achieve this
purpose, the depository may immobilize the securities or
dematerialize them (so that they exist only as electronic records).'
India has chosen the dematerialization route. In India, a depository is
an organization, which holds the beneficial owner's securities in
electronic form, through a registered Depository Participant (DP). A
depository functions somewhat similar to a commercial bank. To avail
of the services offered by a depository, the investor has to open an
account with it a registered dp.
Problems faced with the Physical shares:-
1. Bad deliveries on account of signature mismatch or forged signature
of transferor or fake certificate
2. Delay in receipt of securities after allotment
3. Non receipt of securities
4. Procedural delays in getting duplicate shares

25. Benefits of Depository System:-
1. Safe, convenient and speedy transfer
2. No question of bad delivery
3. No stamp duty of transfer
4. Trading lot of one share
5. Account freezing facility
6. Immediate credit of corporate Benefits
7. Reduction in paper work
Similarities in Bank & Depository operation:-
1. Renders services of safe keeping of money of customers in book
2. Entry form
3. Required to verify identify and address of customer before
4. Opening of account

26. 5. The bank is entitled to charge some fees for the service of
6. Maintenance.
7. The Bank needs express written consent for debiting the account
8. A Bank account can be operated by Power of Attorney holder.
9. Nomination facility is available.
Differences in Depository & Bank Operation:-
• A customer having an account with bank is called as an Account
Holder.
• A Bank is entitled to use the funds lying in the client accounts.
• A bank account can be operated upon instruction on either or
survivor basis.
• In a Bank account, normally a minimum balance has to deposit
along with the account opening form.
• In the Bank account, addition or deletion of name of one or more
account holder is permitted.

27. Who can open Demat Account:-
1. Individual Investors including Minor
2. HUF
3. Corporate Entity
4. NRIs
5. Clearing Members of Exchange
6. Trust
7. Society
8. Banks
9. FIIs
Depository Participant – In One Piece:-
Bank and depository are same Services and Facilities provided by
Depository Participant is something like Commercial Banking Service.
Major difference between two is than Commercial Bank provide Interest on
Owner‘s deposit while not in case of Depository Participant. But, shares are
transfer into Electronic Form and kept in Beneficiary Owner‘s Account, can
say Balance. A depository is a facility for holding securities, which enables

28. securities transactions to be processed by book entry. To achieve this
purpose, the depository may immobilize the securities or dematerialize
them (so that they exist only as electronic records).' India has chosen the
dematerialization route. In India, a depository is an organization, which
holds the beneficial owner's securities in electronic form, through a
registered Depository Participant (DP). A depository functions somewhat
similar to a commercial bank. To avail of the services offered by a
depository, the investor has to open an account with it through a registered
DP.
Except Demat, any Depository Participant provides following
services:
1. Account Opening

29. 2. Dematerialization
3. Processing Delivery and Receipt Instruction
4. Account Statement
5. Rematerialisation
6. Pledging
7. Nomination
8. Transaction of Securities
9. Change in Address
10. Bank Account Details
11. Freeze/unfreeze
12. Account Closing.

30. Account
Opening
Demate
A/c close
ria-lization
Rejection
FreezeUnfreeze
Transmission
Depository Collection
Participant

32. [Depository Participant – All Activities with Frame work above
eleven activities are sequentially arranged behind the conceptual
framework. Logically there is a sequence in investor‘s entire DP
activities. So, that‘s main reason why I followed such my own
described sequence.
Definition and concept of services
Since establishment of Depository Participant, there wasn‘t any
prescribed sequence or flow of activity that an Investor has follows.
And this is right too. But after in-depth understanding and views about
Investor‘s day to day activities, it seems to be act as Sequence. Now
let‘s gaze how it adequate as a Sequence.

33. Service I: Account Opening
1. Passport
2. Voter ID Card
3. Driving license
4. PAN card with photograph
5. MAPIN CARD ( Cancelled)
After establishment of Depository Participant, it‘s mandatory for
all listed Companies to list into CDS(I)L or NSDL. So whether an
Investor has buy or sell any script, it‘s necessary to convert into
Electronic Form from Physical Form. So at fist stage an Investor has
come across the Account Opening Activity.
Service II: Dematerialization
Dematerialization is a process by which physical certificates are
converted into electronic form. After opened a BO Account From any

34. registered DP, an Investor came for selling his/her Scripts. For this,
it‘s necessary to demat existing Script.
Service III: Rejection of Demat Application
Many reasons exist for Rejection of Demat Application. RTA
sends further back all the documents to registered DP.
Service IV: Collection
By means of Collection, DP has to collect monetary amount
regards of New Account Fees, Dematerialization Process Charge,
Trading Book Charge, Account Maintenance Charge, Settlement
Charges, and Transaction Charge etc. . . .
Service VI:Rematerialisation
An Investor comes across within the Dematerialization Process
whenever he/she doesn‘t want to Sell Scripts which are already
demat into BO‘s Account.
Service VII: Pledge

35. Any Commercial Bank provides Loan Amount on some
prescribed Assets. Some Commercial Banks provides loan with the
reference some Blue Chip Scripts. To settle Loan, an Investor has
come through Pledge Activity.
Servicer VIII: Unpledge
After payments of all Loan Amount, an Investor can liberate
his/her Pledged Scripts.
Service IX:Billing
Billing is a Statement of Activity performed by an Investor and
Depository Participant during particular period of time. BO can get
his/her Account Statement at any time. Most of its provides to investor
half monthly, monthly, quarterly as per Investor‘s conveniences.

36. 5 TIME KEEPING SYSTEM:-
Time is very important for any organization. ―The time one
gonenever come back‖. Time is as important as other factors of
services.
As SKSE SECURITIES LTD engaged mostly in share broking
services. It is very essential for such firm or organization to have
proper time management. Work of the SKSE SECURITIES LTD is
9.30 am to 6.30 pm.
6. QUALITY:-

37. This is a semi government company thus why SKSE
SECURITIES LTD provides many services in minimum cost SKSE
SECURITIES LTD highest strength is that it understands the needs
of its client very well. It tries to provide the best value for money to its
investors. Ethical business practices have enabled them to grow
rapidly in an increasingly competitive market. It‘s commitment of
providing world class broking services to its investors. This spirit of
innovation helps to grow your business with it. It has always provided
timely research based advice. SKSE SECURITIES LTD is a symbol
of trust in a sarashutra region and makes an EMPOWRING
INSVESTORS.

38. Competitors of SKSE SECURITIES LTD. ltd. are as under:
 Share Khan
 ICICI Securities Limited.
 Kotak Securities.
 India Info line Limited.
 India bulls Limited.
 Marwadi Shares and Finance Pvt. Ltd.
 Angel Broking
 Mangal Keshav Securities Ltd.
 Arcadia Securities Ltd.
 IL&FS Securities Ltd.
 Ajay Natvarlal Securities Ltd.
 Nagrik Bank Securities Ltd.
 HDFC Securities Ltd.

41. Content OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Sr. No. Particulars Page No.
78
1 Organization of Finance Department
2 Future Planning 79
3 Accounting in SKSE SECURITIES LTD. 80
4 Capital structure 81
5 Management of working capital 82

42. 1. ORGANIZATION OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT :-
Money is a lifeblood of modern business money occupies is a
key position in the capitalistic of current situation finance is a one of
the most important function of the top manager Tories finance at right
quality also to use it most effectively. The finance function covers
both acquisitions of funds as well as their optimum allocation in
various sources. In past, the main function of finance manager is only
to find out sources of finance while in modern era.
According to J. C. Van Horne,
―Financial Management is concerned with the acquisition of
funds, financing and Mgt. of assets with some overall goal in mind.‖
In General,
―Finance means procurement of funds and their effective
utilization in the business‖
As a member of the top management, he is closely associated
with the formulation of policies as well as decision making. The
responsibilities for finance managers are spread throughout the
organization in the sense that financial Mgt. is to an extent an integral

43. part of the job for managers involved in planning, allocation of
resources and control. Financial Mgt. is highly specialized in nature
and is handled by specialists.

44. 2. FUTURE PLANNING:-
We are planning to provide diversified service and product to
over client of comparative rate to wider thaw reach over service we
are planning to collection to over DP division at various place. Further
we have also attracted taking step for development for over IPO
division
Financial planning means deciding well in advance what is to
be done with regard to finance. It is necessary to control in inflow and
out flow of cash... Finance manager has to make plan for investment,
resources of acquiring money and also, he has to achieve many
objectives in future which is planned out in present. SKSE
SECURITIES LTD. is having different Financial Planning which is
described as under:
 (1) short term planning
 (2) medium term planning
 (3) long term planning
(4)To expand the business of broking services.
 (5)To increase the clients of the business.

45.  (6)To increase the volume of trading of day to day transactions.
 (7)To increase the revenue of firm.
3. Accounting in SKSE SECURITIES LTD.:
Accounting Function is a necessary input into the finance
function that is, accounting is a sub function of finance. Accounting
generates information relating to activities of the firm.
In SKSE SECURITIES LTD. Accounting is maintained but there
is no separate accounting is maintained by each branches. But there
is centralized accounting is being maintained by the Head Office of
SKSE SECURITIES LTD. in regarding Services. Mainly, the income
statement (P & L A/c.) The statement of changes in financial position
(sources and used of fund statement). The Balance Sheet is to be
prepared.

46. 1. CAPITAL STRUCTURE :
According to me Capital structure means the portion or ratio of
debt equity mix, in any firm or organization. Select a firm should
financing capital structure, which will help in achieving. The capital
structure is to be decided as per the type of business of firm or
organization

47. The SKSE SECURITIES LTD. has not received money from
public to create capital but it is having its own capital. There is no any
amount of public in it but the amount of capital is the promoters its
own amount. Promoters are able to received money from relatives as
well as from bank in the form of loan.
The capital structure of SKSE SECURITIES LTD as follow
Secured loan 0
UN secured loan 44,543,945 (2008-2009)

48. 5. MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL
Working capital means current asset – current liabilities under
the current Asset inventory, sundry debtors, loan and advance, cash,
Bank balance. And under the current liabilities bonk OD, creditors
and all this thing are come,
SKSE SECURITIES LTD working capital (2008-09)
Current Asset -Current liabilities = 196,737,163-
89,851,594
= 106885569
Receivable
Receivable is an effective tool of marketing acts as a bridge
for markets of service Receivable help to find a collection period.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD Receivable – 31,626,134

49. .

50. Content
Sr. No. Particulars Page No.
1 What is marketing 55
2 Today trend in stock market 56
3 Promotional activity 57
1 Advertisement 57
2 Sales Promotion 58
3 Public relation & publicity 58
4 Personal selling 59
4 Competitors 59
5 Channel of distribution 61
6 Coverage 62
7 Marketing research magazine 63

51. 1. WHAT IS MARKETING?
.
Now a days we listen many time the word of marketing,
according to ordinary people the marketing means selling, but
marketing is a very wide concept. Let‘s see various definition of
marketing
According to Philip kotler
Marketing is typically seen as the task of creating, promoting,
and delivering goods and services to consumer and business
A social definition shows the role marketing plays in society.
One marketer said the marketing‘s role is to ―deliver a higher
standard of living‖
In general,
―Market is a place where buyers and sellers meet directly or
indirectly for the exchange purpose and an exchange may be of
goods or services. Here, place may be real or virtual.‖
According to the American Marketing Association,

52. ―Marketing is the process of planning and executing the
conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and
services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and
organizational objectives‖.
Ultimately marketing helps satisfaction of consumer to increase the
selling.

53. 2. TODAY TREND IN STOCK MARKET:
As we know that now-a-days stock market is the most important
market like capital market and commodity market. The growth of the
stock market is reflecting in the development in the economy of India.
Indian economy is also known as ‗Mixed Economy‘ because in the
development of Economy, the public sector units and the private
sector units play a very important role. In the stock market both these
sectors play very important role.
Now-a-days, financial sectors are going on boom position.
There is a large development of financial services. The growth of the
stock market is also because of financial services. The development
of the stock market depends on the growth of the different companies
which are working in different sectors and the growth of the Indian
economy is depend on the development of stock market. We can say
that ‗stock-market is the heart of Indian economy‘. There is a daily
thousands of crores transactions is possible only in the stock market.

55. 3. PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES:
Promotion mix is one of the most important mixes of the
marketing mix. Without promotional activities, marketing or selling of
any product becomes very tough. Promotional activities include:
1. Advertising
In General,
Advertising is paid form of mass communication of goods, ideas
and services through different media by identifying sponsor.‖
Advertising is very important for the selling of goods or products
because when new products are launching in the market, consumer
don‘t aware about launching of new product. At that time, to create
awareness about new product, Advertising plays very important role.
Advertising can efficiently reach geographically dispersed buyers the
main aim of Advertising effect on sales and create a good value of
services.

56. SKSE SECURITIES LTD is a very trusted company and it is a
semi government company that‘s why the company has a no need for
advertising expenses .the punch line ok SKSE SECURITIES LTD is‖
EMPOWERING INVESTER‖
2. Sales Promotions
Sales-promotion tools to draw a stronger and quicker buyer
resonance. Sales-promotion can be used for short run effects such
as to dramatize product offers and boost sagging sales
Sales-promotion include three thing like communication,
incentive and invitation directly and indirectly SKSE SECURITIES
LTD used sales promotion like nowadays he gives the services of
trading on F & O and also provided quick sms system.
3. Public relations and publicity

57. Public relation and publicity is based in three quality
1 high credibility 2 ability to attract the buyers and 3 dematlisation.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD also the use of promotion mix tools
public relation is a very strong and company top management also
touch with political leader.
4. Personal selling and direct marketing
Personal selling is most effective tool at later stage of buying
process; practically we know buying preference, convention and
action. In simple word it means door to door marketing.

58. We all know SKSE SECURITIES LTD have a more than
30,000 clients so SKSE SECURITIES LTD no need for personal
selling
Direct marketing means marketing with the help of
telephone. Nowadays many companies use this type of marketing.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD use mail and this entire thing but not
the purpose of direct marketing.
4. Competitors of SKSE SECURITIES LTD.
In modern era, there are many competitors of SKSE
SECURITIES LTD. Competition is very important for the growth and
development of the business as well as to show the potentiality of the
business in the current market.

59. Competitors of SKSE SECURITIES LTD. ltd. are as under:
 Share Khan
 ICICI Securities Limited.
 Kotak Securities.
 India Info line Limited.
 India bulls Limited.
 Marwadi Shares and Finance Pvt. Ltd.
 Angel Broking
 Mangal Keshav Securities Ltd.
 Arcadia Securities Ltd.
 IL&FS Securities Ltd.
 Ajay Natvarlal Securities Ltd.
 Nagrik Bank Securities Ltd.
 HDFC Securities Ltd.

60. 5. CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION
DISTRIBUTION means to distribute, or disseminate the field
of marketing channel of distribution indicates the routes or pathway
through which goods and services flow or move from producer to
customer.
Channel of distribution can be defined as ―the marketing
process in which goods bare service Trans from producer to
customer.
This definition also applicable both sector service sector as well as
manufacturing.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD has a wide dealership members
more than 400 dealer of SKSE SECURITIES LTD. But nowadays
250 members are active.

61. 6. COVERAGE
There is a very wide network of Broking services of SKSE
SECURITIES LTD which perhaps, any firm or organization is having.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD. Have Total 2 branches in all over India
including Registered and corporate office.

62. SKSE SECURITIES LTD. is having clients more than 33000
and more than 250 terminals.

63. 7. MARKETING RESEARCH MAGAZINE
Marketing research is only one branch of the marketing means
actual and potential customer and intelligent the investigation of study
of ―who, what, where, why and how of actual and potential buyers ―
SKSE SECURITIES LTD also prepare this type of research
report its give information about goods and Services in greater derails
with the help of figures, charts and illustrations in blue or black colors.
Publishers, Travel Agencies, life insurance companies, big
companies, Financial Services provider firm often uses magazine.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD is providing different Research
Reports, SKSE SECURITIES LTD Services information Browser,
company‘s technical charts in catalogues. Different Research Reports
such as E-broking Research Report, commodities Research Report
and portfolio management services Report etc. it also provides
information of all services which is provided by them in SKSE
SECURITIES LTD corporate Branches Browser.

64. Thus marketing research is an important matter not only for
SKSE SECURITIES LTD but also for every company.

65. Content

66. Sr. No. Particulars Page No.
1 Introduction 66
2 Changing Environment of HRM 67
3 Recruitment 68
4 Selection 69
5 Recruitment and Selection Policy 70
6 Induction 71
7 Training of Employee 72
8 Transfer 72
9 Promotion policy 73
10 Reward and incentive 73
11 Provident fund 74
12 Grievance handling procedure 75

67. 1. INTRODUCTION
Whenever you see a balance sheet of a company, you see
the asset and liabilities which are usually the material element.
Can you name the company that puts human resources as
asset in balance sheet and started the tradition of considering their
employees as appreciating assets?? This is a surprise but it is TRUE.
It is a most successful company not just planning and
utilization of material resources, but with human recourse as they
are most variable asset for any organization. It is Infosys.
According to Edward Flippo,
―Personnel Management is the planning organizing; directing
and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation,
integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the
end those individual organizational and social objectives are
accomplished.

68. HRM management in this company covers lab our, welfare and
industrial relations aspect. HR managers do not manufacture or sell
goods but they do contribute to the success and growth of an
organization by advising employees are workers working in the
organization.
Thus development of worker and the good relation between
employer and employees.
2. CHANGING ENVIRONMENT OF HRM
AN hr manager worked in a varied environment. He can only do
his duties well if he is updated with the changing needs of the
employee. And for this she naturally has to keep himself barest with
not only the environment from which the employees are coming to
work.
Nowadays following thing is change
 Globalization

69.  Advanced technology
 Exporting job
 The nature of work
 Increasing productivity
 Responding the market
 Developing human capital
3. RECRUITMENT
According to me Recruitment is a positive function because most of
persons who are eligible for jobs are applied for job.

70. According to Edward Flippo, ―Recruitment is the process of
searching for prospective employees and stimulating and encouraging
them to apply for jobs in an organization.‖
Recruitment is pervasive function because all organizations are
engaged in recruiting activity. But the volume and nature of recruitment
varies with the size, nature and environment of particular organization.
Recruitment methods such as direct, indirect and third party methods
are means by which an organization establishes contact with potential
candidates, provides them necessary information and encourages them
to apply for jobs. Different medias are used for recruitment such as
advertising is news paper, pamphlets and in Internet etc.

71. 1. SELECTION
The purpose of selection is to pick up the right person for every
job. Selection is an important function because no organization can
achieve its goals without selecting the right people.
Selection is the process of choosing the best out of those
recruited or applied for job. Recruitment is positive because it aims at
increasing the number of applications for wider choice or for
increasing the selection ratio while selection is negative because
rejects a large no. of applicants. Recruitment involves prospecting or
searching where as selection involves comparison and choice of
candidates.

72. 5. SKSE SECURITIES LTD Recruitment and Selection policy
In SKSE SECURITIES LTD, recruitment and selection process
taking place like in other firms. There are few particular steps for
recruitment and selection process / procedure. Let‘s see one by one:
(1) Recruitment process begins when Personnel / HR department
receives requisition (official order) for recruitment from
department of SKSE SECURITIES LTD. The Head of HR
decides sources of recruitment to be used like newspaper,

73. consultancies or by using reference of other employees of
SKSE SECURITIES LTD.
(2) After deciding sources, he will put into a practice and the
prospective employees will inform to send their applications
within a specific time.
(3) After getting application, selection procedure gets started. They
will carefully examine applications and suitable person will ask
for interviews and rest of applicants will be rejected.
(4) Now, Executives and head of concern department etc. will take
interviews.
6. INDUCTION
When a new employee joins an organization, he is completely a
stranger to the staff, work place and the work environment.

74. Therefore, he is likely to feel insecure, shy and nervous. In the
absence of information and support, these are likely to be anxiety and
fear in his mind. In SKSE SECURITIES LTD, when any new
employee is going to join an organization, first of all he or she is
introduced to all his or her concern department staff members and at
the same time he or she will be given a brief information about SKSE
SECURITIES LTD. As well as all services which is provided by
them? Then, on the job training is to be given to the new employee
In the SKSE SECURITIES LTD stage of induction person is
finally placed on the specific job. New candidate are introducing with
his co worker, boss and subordinate also provide the knowledge
about rules and regulation Program policy.

75. 7. TRAINING FOR THE EMPLOYEE
Training is an important aspect for increasing aspect for their
work capacity. In SKSE SECURITIES LTD also provide training
facility to their employee.
There are two type training method like
(1) On the job
(2) Off the job
CDSL also give training for SKSE SECURITIES LTD
employees. In the SKSE SECURITIES LTD, there is a training
session of 8 days for a new employee. During these days, he or she
has given practical work which he or she has to perform in an
organization.
8. TRANSFER

76. Transfer is a horizontal or lateral movement of an employee
from one job, section, department shift to another at the same or
another place where his salary, status and responsibility are the
same. It generally doesn‘t involve a promotion.
In SKSE SECURITIES LTD, transfer of employees happens in
rarely case. Here generally, positive transfer takes place. Means of
any employee wants to transfer from one branch to another branch;
he is free to do this. Except such cases transfer doesn‘t happen in
SKSE SECURITIES LTD.
9.PROMOTION POLICY
According to me Promotion is a very good in the organization it
is useful for both employee and organization there the need of formal
systematic Programmer of promotion and can be said promotion
policy
Generally SKSE Ltd. Is giving promotion on the basis of
seniority and work performance.

77. 10. REWARDS AND INCENTIVES
Incentives
An incentive scheme is a plan or programmers to motivate
individual or group performance. An
incentive programmed is most frequently build on monitory rewards
but may also include a variety of non-monitory rewards or prizes
Rewards
In SKSE SECURITIES LTD, Rewards are given in the form of
bonus which is given to all employees of SKSE SECURITIES LTD. in
every Diwali. Bonus is generally given in the form of money.
Personal record

78. The legal department of the unit maintain the personal report
they are also maintain attendance register
Card of the employees in files and document and they are
generally prepaid and completed from report and they are mean for
long term use. Personal record is useful by management at the time
of promotion and transfer of the employees.
Personal record means predation of information in SKSE
SECURITIES LTD have a gat pass machine system and there are
also certain file and register corresponded file, recurrent files of each
individual.
11. PROVIDENT FUND SCHEME
Provident fund is a king of saving. Any company having more
than 20 employees can join this schism. This is artistry scheme
meant for wafer of the employees. In the India it was a started in
1962 and applied in all the company. It is a necessary for every
company provide PF scheme to its permanent employees
Here SKSE SECURITIES LTD also has a scheme.

79. 13. GRIEVANCE HANDLING PROCEDURE
Grievance is any dissatisfaction to the employees in connection
with his emplacement situation and than his brought to the attention
of management. When Among employees complaint will reach to the
top management and should adopt paper method for handle it.
SKSE SECURITIES LTD there is no specific handling
procedure for handling their employees have direct connect with
C.E.O. and C.E.O. sowing his finance.
CONVEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF RESEARCH

80. INDEX
(1) Title Of The Study
(2) Objective Of The Study

81. TITLE OF THE STUDY
So far as research report is concerned here the title of the report is
―INVESTING PATTERN OF THE INDIVIDUAL INVESTOR‖ so here basic
purpose of conducting the research in this subject is to get the know-how of
financial market in general and by conducting the research report in this
subject we can able to understand overall investing pattern of individual
investor though the investing pattern of individual investor varies with the
number of factor like profession,family background ,income and external
environment and many other factor but by conducting the research study
on the overall investing pattern of individual investor we can get overall
understanding of the Modus Operand of the investor .
And through this study we can be able to understand the psycho-
profile of the investor and especially how one individual investor willing to
take different risk to earn money and how investor choose from safest
investment option to risky investment option. And how much proportion is
he willing to invest in different investment alternatives. And also we can get
general idea regarding the investment duration about different segment.So
by conducting this interesting research topic we can be able to understand
the investing pattern of investor in security and can be able to understand
that what they expect from the financial service provider.So by analyzing
all the financial service provider we can make necessary changes in its
service and able to know their customer better and ultimately they can able

82. to satisfy their customer better.And finally the financial service provider can
able to achieve huge monetary gain by providing good service to the
customer.
So that I have selected this subject as the title of the report to know
the overall aspect and related information about the financial market in
general and financial service in particular.And this proves to be beneficial
for the overall understanding of the financial market in general.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
As we know that every kind if activity has its own objectives so,research
work has also its goal & objectives which are to be received into the form of
result , So we can say objective is the heart of the study.So let‘s to thumb
through some of the objectives of the Research :-
To gain clean knowledge of financial services.
To determine how Retail Stock Broking in particular and
financial services has been growing by leaps and bound ?
To be familiar with the financial sector to and to know the
individual investor‘s view regarding various services.
To know the customer‘s view on various aspects.
To know the nitty-gritty about various option available for customer
and their preferences.
And also we know that financial service industry has been
growing by leaps and bounds and to get the know-how of financial
market in general and financial service in particular I have conducted
the research in the investing pattern of individual investor.And so by
that we can get the overall picture of the financial market.So we can‘t
able to know customer preference and their opinion regarding the
various services offered by the financial service provider.And if we
require can make necessary changes in the various service offered
by the companies .And last but not least we can easily understand
the customer‘s preferences so that we can provide the customer what

83. they need.So the objectives behind this study is very important and
proves to be beneficial for every financial service provider.
RESEARCH DESIGN/RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INDEX
(1) Data Collection Method
(2) Sampling Design
(3) Tools And Techniques
(4) Period Of The Study

84. DATA COLLECTION METHOD
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has been
defined and research design/plan chalked out.While deciding about the
method of the data collection to be used for the study .the research should
keep in mind two types of data first in primary data and second is the
secondary data.The primary data are those which
Collected s fresh and the first time and happen means to be original in
character and Secondary data means those which have already been
collected by someone else .So while conducting the collection of the data
we have to decide which type of data we have to select for the our research
study.
So in this report I have selected the method of primary data collection
and as per the subject of the topic thorugh non probability convenience

85. sampling I have collected tge data and this method is prove to be beneficial
in out study because this report is regarding the Investing Pattern Of
Individial Investor so the only the primary data collection method prove
beneficial and accurate.So we can say that we collect primary data during
the course of experiements in an experiemental research but in case we
do research of the descriptive type and perform surveys ,wheather sample
surveys or census surveys ,then we can obtain primary data either through
observation or through direct communication with respondents in one form
or another or through personal intervies. And there are several method of
collecting primary data like personal interviews,observation,qurstainier
through schedule and other methods.
so we have to select the method of data collection as per the topic of the
our research and as per the sample size so here in this report I have
collected the data through questainnaire.And in this type of report this
method is more convenient and accurate.
SAMPLING DESIGN
A sample design is define plan for obtaining a sample from a given
population.It refers to the technique or the procedure the research would
adopt in selecting items for the samples.Sample design as lay down the
number of items to be included in the samples i.e., the size of the sample.
Sample design is determined before data are collected.
There are many sample design from which a researcher can choose
some designs are relatively more precise and relatively more easier than
others. So while conducting the research we must select a sample design
which should be reliable and appropriate for this research study.
TYPE OF UNIVERSE:-
The first step in developing any sample design is to clearly define the
sets of objects, technically called the universe, to be studied. The universe

86. can be finite or infinite. In finite universe the number of items is certain, but
in case of an infinite universe the number of items is infinite.
SAMPLING UNIT:-
A decision has to be taken concerning a sampling unit before
selecting sample. Sampling unit must be a geographical one such as state
district, village etc .or a construction unit such as house, flat etc.
SOURCE LIST:-
It is also known as ―sampling frame ― from which sample is to be
drawn. It contains items of the universes.
SIZE OF SAMPLING:-
This refers to number of items selected from the universe to
constitute. The size of the sample should not be neither to excessively or
no too small. It should be optimum.
PARAMETERS OF INTEREST:-
In determining the sampling design, one must consider the question
of the specific population parameters which are of interest.
BUDGETERY CONSTRAINT :-
Cost consideration from practical point of view, have major impact
upon decision relating to not only the size of the sample but also to the type
of sample.
SAMPLING PROCEDURE :-
Finally, the researcher must decide the type of sample he will use i.e.
,he must decide about the technique to be used in selecting the items for
the sample.
So there are number of sampling design available but we have to
select the type of sampling design which can be make our objective clear
and sampling error can be eliminated .
At the time of selection we have to keep in mind number of factors
like type of universe ,sampling unit, source list, the size of the sample,
sampling procedure and etc.

87. SAMPLING DESIGN
PROBABILITY NON-PROBABILITY
SAMPLING SAMPLING

88. Probability sampling:-
Probability sampling is also known as random sampling under
this sampling design every item of the universe have an equal chance
for inclusion in the sample.
NON PROBABILITY SAMPLING :-
In this type of sampling the items for the sample are selected
deliberately by the researcher . His choice concering the items
remains supreme.
From a brief description if the various sample design presented
above we can say that normally we should report to sample random
sampling because under its bias is generally and the sampling error
can be estimated.
So we have discussed above regarding the different aspect of
sampling design in this report I have selected the sample random
sampling because this method is more convenient and also we can
able to achieve accuracy in our research.
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
Tools and technique are related with the overall techniques
through which the research is conducted. There are many methods
are available for research study specially primary data collection
method like observation method, interview method, through
questionnaires ,through schedules and other method which include
warranty cards, distribution audits, consumer panels, using
mechanical devices so as per the research study we have to select
one techniques for our research here I have selected the
Questionnaires method.
This data collection method is quite popular, particularly in case
of big enquiries. It is being adopted by private individuals, research
workers, private and public organization and even by governments.
In this method
Questionnaire is sent to individual investor and requested to return
by filled up. A Questionnaire consist of number of printed questions

89. and defined in order on a form of set of forms. This method helps me
to get actual and accurate data about individual investor .
Advantages of selecting this method are ….
There is low cost even while the universe is large and is widely
spread geographically.
Iit is free from bias of the interviewer,answer in respondents
own words.
Respondents have adequate time to give well thought out
answers.
Large sample can be made use of and thus the results can be
made more dependable and reliable.
While using this method there is no biasness while filling up the
Questionnaire.
PERIOD OF THE STUDY
The research has been conducted during the period of six week
training and during which the overall study has done so the overall
feedback is dependent on the overall circumstances of the time
period. And the view of the investor may differ as per the time passes
and due to the overall situation of the financial market. This report is
conducted during six weeks (6th June to 20th July). So the answer is
purely dependent on that periods overall circumstances.

90. ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION OF THE DATA

91. FINDINGS,
RECOMMENDATION
&
CONCLUSION
FINDINGS
The finding of my research study as follows :-
 Investor prefer to do online trading more than offline
trading.
 Respondents are satisfied with the services.
 In online trading ,they give more preference to online fund
transfer facility,trading from anywhere and speed.
 In offline trading ,they give more importance to
simplify,more services from broker and easy to understand
and operate.

92.  Almost 34% investor are long term investor and 20%
investors are short term investor , 15%investor are
specular.
 Almost 27%investor are from the age ogroup of 41 to 50
years.
 34% of investors having annual income between 3,00,000
to 5,00,000
 Out of 200 investors 26% having I.T sector having positive
expectation and 23% investor feel that banking sector has
positive signal.
RECOMMENDATION
In online trading ,more credit exposure should be given same as give
in offline tading.
They must give online demo, when investors come for opening
account.
Advertisement through print media, fairs a ns festivals should be
done to spread the message of Share Trading Industry.
Increase the use of written policies for the sensitive areas of the
depository participant and systems as far as possible.
Company should do as much as it can for customer satisfaction and
fulfill the requirement on customized basis.

93. CONCLUSION
In online trading , as respondents are getting online fund transfer
facility, more speed is thee and they can trade from anywhere.
The staff of company is very co-ordinate with each department and
also with customer.
Respondents have preferred more to do online trading.
Retired people preferred to do off-line trading.
87% investors preferred to do off-line trading.
Online trading is getting importance due to fund transfer facility,
speed and trading from anywhere.
APPENDIX

94. QUESTIONNAIRE
Note :-
(1) Please complete the following questionnaire to the best of your
knowledge.
(2) The information collected will be kept confidential.
(3) The purpose of the question is nothing but to survey for study
only.
Name :-
Address :-
Contact No :-
(1) What is your age ?
Less than 20 41 to 50
21 to 40 more than 50
(2) Under which Depository Are You Registered ?
NSDL CDSL Both
(3) What is your profession ?
Business Service
Student Housewife
Other
(4) What is your annual income ?
Less than 3,00,000 5,00,001 to 8,00,000
3,00,001 to 5,00,000 more than 8,00,000
(5) How do you rate the services of SKSEL ?
Excellent Very Good
Good Poor

95. (6) Do you get your Transaction Statement and Settlement Holding on
Time ?
Yes No
(7) How would you like to receive the Transaction Statement & Settlement
statement of Holding ?
Post/Courier Telephone
E-mail Visit DP personally
(8) In which Category Do you select yourself as an Investor ?
Risk taker Long term
Risk Avert Short Term
(9) According to you which sector is performing best ?
Banking I.T
Infrastructure Insurance
Energy Other
(10) Which kind of Trading do you prefer?
Online Offline
(11) In Online Trading which Feature do you prefer most?
Speed Secrecy
Trading from anywhere Online fund transfer
Easy in payment Other
(12) According to you which DP provides well facilities?
SKSE MARWADI
ANGEL BROKING ARCEDIA
OTHER
(13) According to you In which Script investment is safe & Profitable?
(14) Do you aware About Life Time Debate Account scheme of SKSE ?
Yes No
(15) Currently which scheme is activated in your Debate account