Spain transitioned from dictatorship to democracy in the late 1970s. There was a failed coup attempt in 1981. More recently, Spain has faced issues like political corruption, high unemployment, austerity measures impacting healthcare, and many Spaniards emigrating to find work. Relations with Portugal have both positive and negative aspects due to their shared history and proximity. Famous Spanish people, cultural traditions like Three Kings Day and eating grapes on New Year's, and the Balearic Islands are also discussed.

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Toledo Valencia

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Historical Facts: Spanish transition
• Spain moved from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to restoration of
the Spanish Monarchy
• Since 22 november 1975 until 29 december 1978
• The elections ,held on 15 June 1977, were the first democratic elections
since the Civil War.
• On December 6, 1978 the Spanish Constitution was approved by
referendum.

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Historical Facts: 23-F
• 23 of february 1981.
• State coup called “El Tejerazo”.
• The bursting into the Spanish Congress of
Deputies by a group of 200 armed officer
• King s intervention

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One actual political events or discussion
CORRUPTION
• Politicians: • Royal Family
PSOE:264 opened cases Iñaki Urdangarín charged with tax
evasion
PP: 200 opened cases

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One actual political events or discussion
Corruption map

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One actual political events or discussion
This was the answer of the people:
15M movement/ Spanish Revolution
Started on 15 May 2011
International Impact
Still working on the performance of human rights

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Economical situation: illustration buyfacts
The risk premium: 416 points Unemployement: 25%
(7/12/2012) We reach 5.778.100 people

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Economical situation: illustration buyfacts
Primary sector: Second sector:
• Agriculture • Derivated from
(cereal, wine)
primary sector (i.e.
• Livestock (sheeps) cheese or sugar)
• Car industry
• Quemical industry
• Construction
materials
• Metallurgy and iron
and steel industry
Third sector:
• Tourism (> 70% of the population works in this
sector in Balearics)
• Services (85% of the economy in Madrid)

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Social Problems
1- Austerity measures in Public Health Service:
• The introduction of co-payments for health care in pharmacies (prescription
payment based on income).
• No drugs for minor symptoms.
• Non registered foreign residents in Spain may only have access to emergency in
case of "serious illness or accident”.
• Payment of prosthesis-patient and non-emergency medical transport
• Doctors' salaries are reduced by 20%- 50% in many cases (disappearance of
Christmas bonuses)

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Consequences…
• Protest demonstrations of workers in the Public Health Service (Doctors, nurses,
cleaning staff in hospitals and health centers…) More than 70,000 just in the
capital, Madrid.
• Strikes all over the country. No privatization of public health

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2- Migration:
• Year 2012: first year in Spain with more Migration than Immigration.
• Given that the financial crisis and the unemployment rate of 25%, Spanish
students and workers decide to go abroad to find better options and a better
quality life level. (South America, the United States, rest of the countries in
Europe such as Italy, France, Germany or UK)
• Problems -> Not all families can afford to have one member abroad, low level
of languages and little work experience abroad to find a good job.

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Relations with neighboring
countries: Portugal
Positive points:
• Portugal and Spain are two countries that share history, culture and geography
• Many economic exchanges that allow the two economies to grow.
• Similar economies nowadays.
• Good relations thanks to the tourism (Spanish people who go to Portugal and
Portuguese people who go to Spain on holidays)

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Negative points:
• From the Portuguese point of view, Spain’s proximity has been permanently seen as a
threat to Portugal’s independence.
• From the Spanish side, Portugal seems so close to Spain that can not be considered as
a foreign country, but as part of a shared community, something that is not always well
received by the Portuguese.
• Portugal permanently tended to differentiation and Spain responded by approaching.
Here lies the root of misunderstanding.
• Important conflicts along history.
• Since the accession of the two countries to the
European Union in 1986, relations between the
two, both economic and political and cultural,
have narrowed in a fast and intense way.

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Spanish Famous People

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Cultural Characteristics
The twelve grapes of luck
• The last 12 seconds of the year 31 december. We eat one grape
for each second.
• This tradition started in Puerta del Sol (Madrid) in 1895.

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The Three Kings
• The night of 5 january the three kings cavalgade in each
village and city of Spain.
• The morning of 6 january children open and enjoy their
gifts.

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Balearic Islands

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SPANISH COSTUMES: CASTILLIAN JOTA COSTUME

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCmYLmLFe-0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhKpOz4SROE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=azpxHbUyuOw