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1. CROSS CULTURAL LEADERSHIP
 Cross-cultural psychology attempts to understand how individuals of
different cultures interact with each other.
 Along these lines, cross-cultural leadership has developed as a way to
understand leaders who work in the newly globalized market. . It is a type
of leadership that can keep individuals from different cultures together,
direct them towards a common goal, and also enable them to reveal their
individual talents.
 Today's international organizations require leaders who can adjust to
different environments quickly and work with partners and employees of
other cultures.
 It cannot be assumed that a manager who is successful in one country
will be successful in another. An effective cross-cultural leader must have
a well-rounded skillset and understanding of the differences that
exist among people from different backgrounds.

2. CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION
1. Creativity is the process of creating
new products.
On the other hand, innovation is the process of
implementing ideas and technologies so that the
goods and services are renewed.
2. Creativity can be tangible or intangible. Innovation is majorly intangible.
3. The word create/ creativity was first
used in the 14th century.
The word innovation came into being in the 16th
century.
4. In creativity, new products are formed. In innovation, new ideas and technologies regarding
goods and services are formed.
5. Creativity is an imaginative process. Innovation is a productive process.
6. Creativity is related to brainstorming
and thinking about new ideas.
Innovation is related to introducing new ideas and
technologies to carry out production smoothly and
efficiently.

3. 7. There is no money consumption in
creativity.
There is money consumption in
innovation.
8. The risk factor is negligible in creativity. The risk factor is quite apparent in
innovation.
9. Creativity is about formation. Innovation is all about bringing
change.
10. Creativity is immeasurable and cannot be
quantified.
Innovation is measurable and
quantifiable.
11 Creativity may or may not involve an
organization
Innovation involves an
organization for the production of
services and goods.

4. LEADERSHIP TRAINING
 Leadership training and development helps identify high-potential individuals
that are likely to become leaders and extends the capabilities and knowledge
of individuals who already perform leadership roles.
 Leaders may need training in both soft and hard skills, depending on your
organization’s current challenges.
 For example, new and coming leaders may need to develop skills such as
listening, conflict resolution and time management, so that they can step in
their role.
 Senior leaders, on the other hand, may need training to keep up with new
trends and technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality, so
that they can better define the company’s overall vision.

5. IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP TRAINING
1. Increased productivity
 Managers who are trained to become effective leaders can increase the overall
productivity of your workforce. Good leaders can better provide instruction to
staff, assess problems, provide creative solutions and manage challenges.
Leadership abilities can also help managers foresee goal expectations, make
goal plans and develop their team in order to reach goals. If an employee
develops leadership skills, they may help develop that same skill in others,
making the entire company better through a simple investment.
2. Reduced staff turnover
 Employees trusted with important roles within the company may have
increased organization loyalty. Training employees can reduce costs of hiring
campaigns, advertising and cover recruitment agency fees. One of the top
reasons employees move to other companies is because of poor management. A
manager who is properly trained in leadership principles can directly affect the
turnover rate of a company.

6. 3. Creates future leaders
 Investing in leaders through leadership training can help organization to plan
for future by seeing which team members would be strong candidates for
higher positions in the future. Leadership training can improve both the
business's and employees' futures.
4. Improves risk management
 Employees that undergo leadership training may understand how to manage
risk, making their decisions valuable to a business. Leadership training can
also improve strategic ability, making it a valuable asset for your business's
future.
5. Helps lead projects
With proper leadership skills, leaders can more easily manage many aspects of a
project. Well-trained leaders can help a project stay on schedule and continue
gaining profits for the business. With capable leaders over projects, team morale
may also improve because of success in meeting deadlines.

7. 6. Improves company culture
 When a company pays for leadership training, it shows employees
that the company cares about them and wants them to succeed.
Mentoring employees can strengthen their morale and make the
business an attractive place to work. By offering leadership
training, companies reinforce their company values
7. Helps manage change
 Leadership training trains employees to handle changes in the
market. If the company gives leadership training, it can be better
prepared for unexpected market changes when they arrive. Leaders
are prepared to handle new competition, changes in the workforce,
external impact and more.

8. DIRECTING MANAGERS AS LEADERS
DIRECTING MANAGERS AS LEADERS
 Leading and directing are important management functions, but usually do not appear in the main
job description. A great manager needs to be able to both lead their team and direct their operations
– failing either of these roles is a recipe for disaster.
 Leading vs Directing
 To understand how managers can excel (or fail) at these roles, we first need to define what they
are.
 Leading
 Leading is about taking the lead: initiating, inspiring, and motivating workers. It is about fostering
passion to continue to work and exceed expectations, improve standards for product quality and
manufacturing, set industry standards for quality and production, and generally being a great
example for others to follow. When managers lead workers, they are helping them realize that
managers objectives and goals coincide with their personal ambitions, in addition to the
company’s overall mission, vision, and goals.
 Directing
 Directing is focusing the company into a specific direction. This means that when management
develops a plan of action, organizes its dispersal, oversees the implementation, hires the right
people, collaborates inter-departmentally, and adjusts to changes. Managers are directing the
business to where it should go, having the organization’s mission, vision, and goals in mind.
Backed by the full faith and trust in handling managerial tasks of a business, managers provide
perspective in the ever-changing business environment filled with uncertainties and even some
unexpected surprises.