A PowerPoint presentation that tackles the political and leadership structures. It contains the types of political organizations, comparison of legitimacy and authority, types of authority, and the importance of legitimacy in politics.
This document discusses different types of authority and forms of government. It defines three types of authority - traditional authority, which is legitimacy based on longstanding cultural traditions; rational-legal authority, which comes from following established legal rules and bureaucratic procedures; and charismatic authority, which depends on an individual's extraordinary personality and abilities to inspire devotion. It then contrasts different political systems like monarchy, which is ruled by a hereditary monarch, versus democracy, which is ruled by the people through elections and stresses individual rights and freedoms. Finally, it examines other forms of government like authoritarianism, totalitarianism, and dictatorships.
Philippine Politics and Governance W1.pptxJODETHNAVAJA
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to politics, government, and governance. It defines politics, government, and governance, and identifies the indicators of good governance according to the UN as participation, rule of law, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, consensus oriented, and accountability. It also summarizes Aristotle's forms of government as monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy, and describes different forms of government including unitary, federal, parliamentary, and presidential systems.
This document discusses political and leadership structures. It defines politics as activities through which people make and amend rules, and involves conflict resolution and power dynamics. Power is the ability to achieve outcomes, in a relationship where one exercises power over others. Authority is legitimate power where the right to exercise power is held.
It also outlines different types of political organizations that have existed including bands which are small nomadic family groups with no formal leadership, tribes which are larger groups linked by culture that also typically lack formal leadership, chiefdoms which are headed by a chief and have social hierarchy and redistribution of goods, and states and nations which have sovereignty over territory and population within geographic borders.
Power can be defined as the ability to carry out one's will and exercise control over others. There are different forms and sources of power, including coercive power through threats or force, reward power by providing benefits, expert power based on knowledge/skills, legitimate power from one's position or role, and referent power from personality and attracting followers. Governments derive political power from the sovereignty of the people, and legitimacy comes from laws, customs, and traditions accepted by society. A government exercises power through tools like police power, eminent domain, taxation, military capabilities, economic influence, and psychological means. Citizenship is tied to power, as citizens enjoy rights that allow them to participate in democracy and exercise power, along with
This document discusses concepts related to politics, power, and society. It explains that politics involves organized social life and governing behavior. It defines power as an individual's access or lack thereof to resources and citizenship as conferring both rights and obligations. Additionally, it outlines three forms of legitimacy in political rule: traditional legitimacy based on historical customs, charismatic legitimacy based on a leader's unique qualities, and rational-legal legitimacy based on established legal procedures and public trust. The document also distinguishes between authority, which derives from power relationships, and power itself.
This document discusses government structures and institutions. It defines structures as the basic components that allow governments to function, such as legislatures, courts, and bureaucracies. Institutions are more specific organizational structures through which political power is exercised, like the British House of Commons or U.S. Supreme Court. The document also examines how a society's view of human nature is reflected in its political institutions, using the U.S. system as an example that was designed based on a distrustful view of human nature. Finally, it discusses factors involved in choosing government institutions, such as a nation's political culture, basic form of government, and centralization of power.
In politics, a regime (also known as "régime", from the original French spelling) is the form of government or the set of rules, cultural or social norms, etc. that regulate the operation of a government or institution and its interactions with society.
1. Max Weber identified three types of authority: traditional authority which is based on long-established customs, charismatic authority which stems from a leader's extraordinary qualities, and legal-rational authority which is legitimized by written rules and laws.
2. Political organizations have evolved from bands and tribes dominated by personal ties, to chiefdoms led by patriarchal leaders, and modern nation-states with bureaucratic institutions.
3. Of the three types of authority, legal-rational authority has the highest degree of stability according to Weber since it is grounded in established legal procedures.
This document discusses different types of authority and forms of government. It defines three types of authority - traditional authority, which is legitimacy based on longstanding cultural traditions; rational-legal authority, which comes from following established legal rules and bureaucratic procedures; and charismatic authority, which depends on an individual's extraordinary personality and abilities to inspire devotion. It then contrasts different political systems like monarchy, which is ruled by a hereditary monarch, versus democracy, which is ruled by the people through elections and stresses individual rights and freedoms. Finally, it examines other forms of government like authoritarianism, totalitarianism, and dictatorships.
Philippine Politics and Governance W1.pptxJODETHNAVAJA
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to politics, government, and governance. It defines politics, government, and governance, and identifies the indicators of good governance according to the UN as participation, rule of law, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, consensus oriented, and accountability. It also summarizes Aristotle's forms of government as monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy, and describes different forms of government including unitary, federal, parliamentary, and presidential systems.
This document discusses political and leadership structures. It defines politics as activities through which people make and amend rules, and involves conflict resolution and power dynamics. Power is the ability to achieve outcomes, in a relationship where one exercises power over others. Authority is legitimate power where the right to exercise power is held.
It also outlines different types of political organizations that have existed including bands which are small nomadic family groups with no formal leadership, tribes which are larger groups linked by culture that also typically lack formal leadership, chiefdoms which are headed by a chief and have social hierarchy and redistribution of goods, and states and nations which have sovereignty over territory and population within geographic borders.
Power can be defined as the ability to carry out one's will and exercise control over others. There are different forms and sources of power, including coercive power through threats or force, reward power by providing benefits, expert power based on knowledge/skills, legitimate power from one's position or role, and referent power from personality and attracting followers. Governments derive political power from the sovereignty of the people, and legitimacy comes from laws, customs, and traditions accepted by society. A government exercises power through tools like police power, eminent domain, taxation, military capabilities, economic influence, and psychological means. Citizenship is tied to power, as citizens enjoy rights that allow them to participate in democracy and exercise power, along with
This document discusses concepts related to politics, power, and society. It explains that politics involves organized social life and governing behavior. It defines power as an individual's access or lack thereof to resources and citizenship as conferring both rights and obligations. Additionally, it outlines three forms of legitimacy in political rule: traditional legitimacy based on historical customs, charismatic legitimacy based on a leader's unique qualities, and rational-legal legitimacy based on established legal procedures and public trust. The document also distinguishes between authority, which derives from power relationships, and power itself.
This document discusses government structures and institutions. It defines structures as the basic components that allow governments to function, such as legislatures, courts, and bureaucracies. Institutions are more specific organizational structures through which political power is exercised, like the British House of Commons or U.S. Supreme Court. The document also examines how a society's view of human nature is reflected in its political institutions, using the U.S. system as an example that was designed based on a distrustful view of human nature. Finally, it discusses factors involved in choosing government institutions, such as a nation's political culture, basic form of government, and centralization of power.
In politics, a regime (also known as "régime", from the original French spelling) is the form of government or the set of rules, cultural or social norms, etc. that regulate the operation of a government or institution and its interactions with society.
1. Max Weber identified three types of authority: traditional authority which is based on long-established customs, charismatic authority which stems from a leader's extraordinary qualities, and legal-rational authority which is legitimized by written rules and laws.
2. Political organizations have evolved from bands and tribes dominated by personal ties, to chiefdoms led by patriarchal leaders, and modern nation-states with bureaucratic institutions.
3. Of the three types of authority, legal-rational authority has the highest degree of stability according to Weber since it is grounded in established legal procedures.
This document defines and describes different forms of government. It discusses the basic definition and functions of government. It then outlines the key characteristics of different types of governments including monarchy, dictatorship, aristocracy, oligarchy, and democracy. It also explains the differences between unitary, federal, presidential, and parliamentary systems of government.
The document provides an overview of Philippine politics and governance. It begins by defining key concepts like politics, governance, and power. It then discusses major political ideologies like liberalism, socialism, conservatism, and others. The document also differentiates between states and nations. Finally, it provides a historical background of Philippine democratic politics from the pre-Spanish era to the post-EDSA era, outlining the different governments that have led the Philippines.
The document discusses different concepts related to politics and power, including:
1) It defines politics as the social institutions that distribute power and make decisions for society. It also discusses micropolitics in everyday life and macropolitics exercised over large groups.
2) It outlines Max Weber's definitions of power and different types of authority - legitimate power accepted by people versus illegitimate coercive power.
3) It describes Weber's three main types of authority - traditional authority based on longstanding traditions, rational-legal authority based on laws and rules, and charismatic authority based on extraordinary personal abilities.
The document discusses concepts related to government and political systems, including:
1) It defines the state as distinct from society and explains how the need for the state arose from groups realizing centralized authority was beneficial.
2) It outlines three main forms of government - autocracy, oligarchy, and democracy - and provides brief definitions and examples of each.
3) It explains various sources of legitimacy and authority for governments, including tradition, legal rationality, and charisma, and how influence and the struggle for power relate to these concepts.
This document provides an overview of state structures and theories on the origin of states. It discusses five main theories on the origin of states: the natural/genetic theory, divine right theory, social contract theory, force theory, and Marxist theory. It also outlines the key elements of modern states as population, territory, government, sovereignty, and recognition. The document then compares unitary and federal state structures, providing merits and demerits of each. Unitary states concentrate power in a central government while federal states divide power between central and sub-national governments.
This document discusses key concepts related to states, including:
- The state is defined as having a monopoly on violence over a territory and sovereignty. It provides security and turns political ideas into policy through institutions.
- Regimes establish the proper relations between freedom and equality and use of power. Governments operate the state machinery.
- States vary in their centralization, legitimacy derived from tradition, charisma or rational-legal means, and capacity and autonomy in wielding power independently.
- Comparisons can be made between strong states with high capacity and autonomy that can easily enact policies, and weak states with limitations.
Lesson 1 philippine politics and governancekenny auxilio
This document discusses Philippine politics and governance. It defines key political science concepts like politics, the state, legitimacy, governance and ideology. It also outlines the different branches of government - executive, legislative and judicial. The three basic attitudes toward politics are described as active participation, rejection and indifference. The document provides an overview of political science topics for understanding Philippine politics.
This document discusses political instability and corruption in Pakistan. It analyzes the sources of political instability in the country since independence, including conflicts, American influence that supported dictators, the role of opposition parties and media in perpetuating instability, and the bureaucracy's role in weakening democracy. It also examines the high levels of corruption across various sectors such as police, judiciary, power, tax collection, healthcare and education. The document provides recommendations to strengthen the political system and overcome corruption through institutional reforms, rule of law, education, independent media, and addressing corruption at all levels of government.
This document defines key concepts related to states and governments. It discusses that a state is a community of people occupying a territory with their own government. The four main elements of a state are the people, territory, government, and sovereignty. It also examines different theories on the origin of states, forms of government, ideologies, and the functions and necessity of the state.
1. The document discusses civics, ethics, society, state, and government. It defines key terms like civic, ethics, society, state, and government.
2. It describes the different types of governments such as monarchy, totalitarianism, and constitutional governments. It also discusses the organs and functions of government.
3. The document then specifically discusses society, state, and government in Ethiopia, outlining features like the federal structure and separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
This document provides an overview of the fundamentals of political science. It begins by defining politics as the activity through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live. It discusses different approaches to defining politics, including politics as the art of government, public affairs, compromise and consensus, and power. Key concepts of politics like power, order and justice are also explained. The document then discusses studying politics, including different methods and purposes as well as challenges in defining the subject. It outlines major subfields in political science like political theory, government and politics, comparative politics, and international relations.
Politics is concerned with the proper management of society's affairs and can be understood through different approaches. The arena approach views politics as limited to state institutions and sanctioned activities like elections. The process approach provides a more comprehensive view that includes both formal political processes and informal activities outside the state, like protests. Governance refers to the complex interactions between public and private governing bodies that manage society. Functions of politics include determining who gets what resources, as well as authoritatively allocating values for a society. Power is the ability to influence others and can take the forms of decision making, agenda setting, and preference shaping.
The document discusses forms of government and political concepts. It defines a constitution as a set of rules that establishes the powers of a political entity. Some forms of government discussed include diarchy, where two leaders rule for life; democracy, where people elect representatives; aristocracy, where the highest social class rules; communist states, which are guided by communist ideology; and despotism, where a single absolute ruler governs. A state is described as a territory or administrative district of a nation defined by its attributes. Diarchy involves two hereditary leaders. Democracy empowers people to elect representatives. Aristocracy concentrates power among the highest social class.
The document discusses forms of government and political concepts. It defines a constitution as a set of rules that establishes the powers of a political entity. Some forms of government discussed include diarchy, where two leaders rule for life; democracy, where people elect representatives; aristocracy, where the highest social class rules; communist states, which are guided by communist ideology; and despotism, where a single absolute ruler governs. A state is described as a territory or administrative district of a nation defined by its attributes. Diarchy involves two hereditary leaders. Democracy empowers people to elect representatives. Aristocracy concentrates power among the highest social class.
This document discusses political regimes, power, and legitimacy. It defines a regime as the rules a state sets and follows in exerting power. There are different types of regimes including democracies, which base authority on the will of the people, and authoritarianism, where decisions are made by political elites without citizen input. Legitimacy can come from tradition, charismatic leaders, or rational-legal systems based on established laws. Political culture and ideologies also influence a regime's power structure and claims to legitimacy.
Politics refers to the processes of decision making and governance within groups. Institutions are stable patterns of behavior that define and govern social order. Political power is the ability to control the actions of others through various means. In the Philippines, politics is democratic in nature and power is legitimized through voting, political counseling, patronage, public opinion formation, and referendums. The local government is composed of provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays, each with defined roles in governance.
Introduction to Comparative Politics.pdfRommel Regala
"Introduction to Comparative Politics" is a foundational course that provides students with a comprehensive overview of political systems, institutions, and processes across different countries. The course aims to develop an understanding of the diverse ways in which societies organize and govern themselves. Topics covered often include the comparative analysis of political ideologies, government structures, electoral systems, political cultures, and policy outcomes. Students explore key concepts and theories that help them analyze and compare political systems, gaining insights into the factors influencing political development and behavior globally. Through case studies and cross-national comparisons, students develop critical thinking skills and a nuanced appreciation for the complexities of political dynamics in various regions. Overall, the course equips students with the tools to assess the similarities and differences among political systems, fostering a deeper understanding of the world's diverse political landscapes.
Governments and citizen in a globally interconnected worldThirdy Malit
Here are 5 types of governments with descriptions and example countries:
1. Parliamentary democracy (United Kingdom) - A system of government in which the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (parliament). The role of head of government is usually held by the leader of the political party or coalition of parties that holds the majority of seats in the legislature.
2. Presidential republic (United States) - A system of government where the executive branch is elected separately from the legislative branch. The president is both head of state and head of government, and is elected for a fixed term. This system features a separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches.
3. Constitutional monarchy (Canada) - A
This course serves as an introduction to the foundational principles and concepts in political science. It covers the fundamental aspects of the discipline, including the study of political systems, government structures, political ideologies, and the behavior of individuals and groups within political contexts. Students will explore key theories, methods of analysis, and the diverse subfields within political science, such as comparative politics, international relations, political theory, and public policy. The course aims to provide a broad understanding of the principles shaping political phenomena and prepare students for more advanced studies in political science.
This document discusses different forms of government and political systems. It begins by defining key concepts like the state, authority, legitimacy, and power. It then describes different forms of government like autocracy, oligarchy, and democracy. It discusses how power is acquired, exercised and maintained in different systems. The document also examines political institutions and processes in the Philippines, including the Marcos martial law era and several coup attempts in the post-Marcos period. Key causes of political instability are identified.
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
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This document defines and describes different forms of government. It discusses the basic definition and functions of government. It then outlines the key characteristics of different types of governments including monarchy, dictatorship, aristocracy, oligarchy, and democracy. It also explains the differences between unitary, federal, presidential, and parliamentary systems of government.
The document provides an overview of Philippine politics and governance. It begins by defining key concepts like politics, governance, and power. It then discusses major political ideologies like liberalism, socialism, conservatism, and others. The document also differentiates between states and nations. Finally, it provides a historical background of Philippine democratic politics from the pre-Spanish era to the post-EDSA era, outlining the different governments that have led the Philippines.
The document discusses different concepts related to politics and power, including:
1) It defines politics as the social institutions that distribute power and make decisions for society. It also discusses micropolitics in everyday life and macropolitics exercised over large groups.
2) It outlines Max Weber's definitions of power and different types of authority - legitimate power accepted by people versus illegitimate coercive power.
3) It describes Weber's three main types of authority - traditional authority based on longstanding traditions, rational-legal authority based on laws and rules, and charismatic authority based on extraordinary personal abilities.
The document discusses concepts related to government and political systems, including:
1) It defines the state as distinct from society and explains how the need for the state arose from groups realizing centralized authority was beneficial.
2) It outlines three main forms of government - autocracy, oligarchy, and democracy - and provides brief definitions and examples of each.
3) It explains various sources of legitimacy and authority for governments, including tradition, legal rationality, and charisma, and how influence and the struggle for power relate to these concepts.
This document provides an overview of state structures and theories on the origin of states. It discusses five main theories on the origin of states: the natural/genetic theory, divine right theory, social contract theory, force theory, and Marxist theory. It also outlines the key elements of modern states as population, territory, government, sovereignty, and recognition. The document then compares unitary and federal state structures, providing merits and demerits of each. Unitary states concentrate power in a central government while federal states divide power between central and sub-national governments.
This document discusses key concepts related to states, including:
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This document discusses Philippine politics and governance. It defines key political science concepts like politics, the state, legitimacy, governance and ideology. It also outlines the different branches of government - executive, legislative and judicial. The three basic attitudes toward politics are described as active participation, rejection and indifference. The document provides an overview of political science topics for understanding Philippine politics.
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This document defines key concepts related to states and governments. It discusses that a state is a community of people occupying a territory with their own government. The four main elements of a state are the people, territory, government, and sovereignty. It also examines different theories on the origin of states, forms of government, ideologies, and the functions and necessity of the state.
1. The document discusses civics, ethics, society, state, and government. It defines key terms like civic, ethics, society, state, and government.
2. It describes the different types of governments such as monarchy, totalitarianism, and constitutional governments. It also discusses the organs and functions of government.
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This document provides an overview of the fundamentals of political science. It begins by defining politics as the activity through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live. It discusses different approaches to defining politics, including politics as the art of government, public affairs, compromise and consensus, and power. Key concepts of politics like power, order and justice are also explained. The document then discusses studying politics, including different methods and purposes as well as challenges in defining the subject. It outlines major subfields in political science like political theory, government and politics, comparative politics, and international relations.
Politics is concerned with the proper management of society's affairs and can be understood through different approaches. The arena approach views politics as limited to state institutions and sanctioned activities like elections. The process approach provides a more comprehensive view that includes both formal political processes and informal activities outside the state, like protests. Governance refers to the complex interactions between public and private governing bodies that manage society. Functions of politics include determining who gets what resources, as well as authoritatively allocating values for a society. Power is the ability to influence others and can take the forms of decision making, agenda setting, and preference shaping.
The document discusses forms of government and political concepts. It defines a constitution as a set of rules that establishes the powers of a political entity. Some forms of government discussed include diarchy, where two leaders rule for life; democracy, where people elect representatives; aristocracy, where the highest social class rules; communist states, which are guided by communist ideology; and despotism, where a single absolute ruler governs. A state is described as a territory or administrative district of a nation defined by its attributes. Diarchy involves two hereditary leaders. Democracy empowers people to elect representatives. Aristocracy concentrates power among the highest social class.
The document discusses forms of government and political concepts. It defines a constitution as a set of rules that establishes the powers of a political entity. Some forms of government discussed include diarchy, where two leaders rule for life; democracy, where people elect representatives; aristocracy, where the highest social class rules; communist states, which are guided by communist ideology; and despotism, where a single absolute ruler governs. A state is described as a territory or administrative district of a nation defined by its attributes. Diarchy involves two hereditary leaders. Democracy empowers people to elect representatives. Aristocracy concentrates power among the highest social class.
This document discusses political regimes, power, and legitimacy. It defines a regime as the rules a state sets and follows in exerting power. There are different types of regimes including democracies, which base authority on the will of the people, and authoritarianism, where decisions are made by political elites without citizen input. Legitimacy can come from tradition, charismatic leaders, or rational-legal systems based on established laws. Political culture and ideologies also influence a regime's power structure and claims to legitimacy.
Politics refers to the processes of decision making and governance within groups. Institutions are stable patterns of behavior that define and govern social order. Political power is the ability to control the actions of others through various means. In the Philippines, politics is democratic in nature and power is legitimized through voting, political counseling, patronage, public opinion formation, and referendums. The local government is composed of provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays, each with defined roles in governance.
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"Introduction to Comparative Politics" is a foundational course that provides students with a comprehensive overview of political systems, institutions, and processes across different countries. The course aims to develop an understanding of the diverse ways in which societies organize and govern themselves. Topics covered often include the comparative analysis of political ideologies, government structures, electoral systems, political cultures, and policy outcomes. Students explore key concepts and theories that help them analyze and compare political systems, gaining insights into the factors influencing political development and behavior globally. Through case studies and cross-national comparisons, students develop critical thinking skills and a nuanced appreciation for the complexities of political dynamics in various regions. Overall, the course equips students with the tools to assess the similarities and differences among political systems, fostering a deeper understanding of the world's diverse political landscapes.
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This course serves as an introduction to the foundational principles and concepts in political science. It covers the fundamental aspects of the discipline, including the study of political systems, government structures, political ideologies, and the behavior of individuals and groups within political contexts. Students will explore key theories, methods of analysis, and the diverse subfields within political science, such as comparative politics, international relations, political theory, and public policy. The course aims to provide a broad understanding of the principles shaping political phenomena and prepare students for more advanced studies in political science.
This document discusses different forms of government and political systems. It begins by defining key concepts like the state, authority, legitimacy, and power. It then describes different forms of government like autocracy, oligarchy, and democracy. It discusses how power is acquired, exercised and maintained in different systems. The document also examines political institutions and processes in the Philippines, including the Marcos martial law era and several coup attempts in the post-Marcos period. Key causes of political instability are identified.
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3. POLITICS
• REFERS TO ACTIVITIES THROUGH
WHICH PEOPLE MAKE, PRESERVE,
AND AMEND THE GENERAL RULES
UNDER WHICH THEY LIVE.
• IT INVOLVES THE DYNAMICS OF
CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND
POWER. COOPERATION, AS WELL
AS THE EXERCISE OF POWER.
4. POWER
• REFERS TO THE ABILITY TO DO
SOMETHING IN ORDER TO
ACHIEVE A DESIRED OUTCOME.
• IT INVOLVES A RELATIONSHIP –
THERE IS ONE WHO EXERCISE
POWER AND ANOTHER WHO IS
SUBJECT TO IT.
5. AUTHORITY
• AUTHORITY MEANS LEGITIMATE
POWER WHICH HAS BEEN APPROVED
BY THE PEOPLE OR POWER IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE
CONSTITUTIONOR THE LAW OF THE
STATE.
• LEGITIMATE POWER, WHERE IN THE
PERSONWHO HAS AUTHORITY HAS
THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE POWER.
7. POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS
• A POLITICAL ORGANIZATION IS ANY ORGANIZATION THAT INVOLVES ITSELF IN
THE POLITICAL PROCESS, INCLUDING POLITICAL PARTIES, NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATIONS, AND SPECIAL INTEREST ADVOCACY GROUPS.
• POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS ARE SYSTEMIC MEDIATORS BETWEEN THE SOCIETY
AND THE POLITICAL PROCESS (WILSON, 1995). MOST OF THEM, INCLUDING
PARTIES, ARE NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.
8. A. BAND
• IT IS USUALLY A VERY SMALL,
OFTENTIMES NOMADIC GROUP THAT
IS CONNECTED BY FAMILY TIES AND IS
POLITICALLY INDEPENDENT.
• HUNTING AND GATHERING ARE
THEIR TYPICAL WAY OF LIFE.
• EXPERIENCE AND ABILITY GRANTS
LEADERSHIP AND POWER
9. B. TRIBES
• IT IS A COMBINATION OF SMALLER
KIN OR NON-KIN GROUPS, LINKED BY
A COMMON CULTURE, THAT USUALLY
ACT AS ONE. USUALLY BIGGER THAN
BANDS AND ARE PRIMARILY FOOD
PRODUCERS.
• SOCIAL ORDER IS MAINTAINED
THROUGH A KINSHIP AND FAMILY
SYSTEM LED BY A COMMUNITY HEAD
10. C. CHIEFDOMS
• A POLITICAL UNIT HEADED BY A
CHIEF, WHO HOLDS POWER OVER
MORE THAN ONE COMMUNITY
GROUP.
• ALREADY HAVE A FORM OF SOCIAL
AND POLITICAL STRUCTURE
CHARACTERIZED BY A COMMUNITY
LEADER. POWER IS INHERITED (BY
BLOOD OR BY ACHIEVEMENTS)
11. TWO TYPES OF CHIEFDOMS:
1. SIMPLE CHIEFDOM
— CENTRAL VILLAGE RULED BY A SINGLE FAMILY.
— NUMBER OF SMALLER COMMUNITIES SURROUND THIS SMALLER COMMUNITY WITH EACH
BEING HEADED BY SUBSIDIARY LEADER SUBSERVIENT TO THE CENTRAL RULER.
2. COMPLEX CHIEFDOM
— SEVERAL SIMPLE CHIEFDOMS RULED BY A SINGLE PARAMOUNT CHIEF RESIDING IN A SINGLE
PARAMOUNT CENTER.
— HIGHLY STRUCTURED AND HIERARCHICAL POLITICAL SYSTEM WITH A CLASS SYSTEM WHERE
THE ELITES DEMAND TRIBUTE FROM THE COMMONER(TRIBUTARY SYSTEM)
12. D. STATES AND NATIONS
• A NATION CONSISTS OF A DISTINCT
POPULATION OF PEOPLE BOUND
TOGETHER BY A COMMON CULTURE,
HISTORY, AND TRADITION WHO ARE
TYPICALLY CONCENTRATED WITHIN A
SPECIFIC GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS.
• A STATE IS A POLITICAL UNIT THAT HAS
SOVEREIGNTY – THE LEGITIMATE AND
ULTIMATE AUTHORITY OF THE STATE –
OVER AN AREA OF TERRITORY AND THE
PEOPLE WITHIN IT.
14. AUTHORITY AND LEGITIMACY
• PEOPLE FOLLOW AUTHORITY BECAUSE OF ITS LEGITIMACY.
• JUST BECAUSE ONE HAS AUTHORITY, DOESN’T MEAN THEY HAVE
LEGITIMATE CONTROL.
• FOR AUTHORITY TO BE BINDING AND STABLE, IT HAS TO BE
LEGITIMATE.
15. AUTHORITY VS. LEGITIMACY
• AUTHORITY IS THE LEGITIMATE POWER OR
RIGHT TO GIVE ORDERS, MAKE DECISIONS, AND
ENFORCE OBEDIENCE WITHIN A SPECIFIC
DOMAIN.
• AUTHORITY REPRESENTS THE SANCTIONED
ABILITY TO CONTROL OR DIRECT INDIVIDUALS OR
GROUPS, OFTEN DERIVED FROM OFFICIAL
POSITIONS OR ROLES.
• AUTHORITY IS THE ACKNOWLEDGED EXPERTISE
OR INFLUENCE WIELDED BY SOMEONE DUE TO
THEIR KNOWLEDGE, EXPERIENCE, OR
COMPETENCE IN A PARTICULAR FIELD.
• AUTHORITY CAN BE VESTED IN INSTITUTIONS,
GRANTING THEM THE POWER TO REGULATE AND
GOVERN BASED ON ESTABLISHED RULES AND
NORMS.
• LEGITIMACY IS THE PERCEIVED VALIDITY AND
ACCEPTABILITY OF AUTHORITY, GROUNDED IN
ADHERENCE TO LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL
PRINCIPLES.
• LEGITIMACY INVOLVES THE MORAL AND
ETHICAL JUSTIFICATION OF POWER, REFLECTING
ALIGNMENT WITH SOCIETAL NORMS AND
VALUES.
• LEGITIMACY DENOTES THE RIGHTFUL AND
JUSTIFIED EXERCISE OF AUTHORITY WITHIN A
GIVEN SOCIAL, POLITICAL, OR INSTITUTIONAL
CONTEXT.
• LEGITIMACY IS THE DEGREE TO WHICH
INDIVIDUALS OR GROUPS VIEW A GOVERNING
BODY AS LEGITIMATE, JUST, AND DESERVING OF
OBEDIENCE.
16. TYPES OF LEGITIMACY AUTHORITY:
A. TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY
• THIS FORM OF AUTHORITATIVE POWER
COMES FROM ESTABLISHED CUSTOMS
PASSING POWER DOWN ON A HEREDITARY
BASIS; FOR EXAMPLE, THE BRITISH
MONARCHY.
• THIS TYPE OF AUTHORITY RELIES ON THE
UNQUESTIONING ACCEPTANCE OF
HEREDITARY SYSTEMS OF POWER AND
PRIVILEGE.
17. TYPES OF LEGITIMACY AUTHORITY:
B. CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY
• THIS TYPE OF AUTHORITATIVE POWER IS BASED
ON 'CHARISMA' - THE POWER OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S
PERSONALITY.
• CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY IS NOT BASED ON A
PERSON'S STATUS, SOCIAL POSITION OR OFFICE.
• A LEADER WITH CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY OFTEN
APPEALS DIRECTLY TO FOLLOWERS AS A KIND OF
HERO OR SAINT
18. TYPES OF LEGITIMACY AUTHORITY:
C. RATIONAL AUTHORITY
• THIS FORM OF AUTHORITATIVE POWER
COMES FROM CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS,
GROUPS AND INSTITUTIONS HAVING
POSITIONSOF POWER OVER
SUBORDINATE GROUPS.
• ACCORDING TO WEBER, IT OPERATES IN
MOST MODERN STATES.
19. WHY IS LEGITIMACY IMPORTANT IN POLITICS?
• LEGITIMACY IN POLITICS IS CRUCIAL BECAUSE IT ENSURES THE GOVERNMENT’S
AUTHORITY THAT IS RECOGNIZED AND ACCEPTED BY THE CITIZENS.
• WHEN PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT THOSE IN POWER HAVE A LEGITIMATE RIGHT TO
GOVERN, IT FOSTERS TRUST, STABILITY, AND SOCIAL COHESION.
• LEGITIMATE POLITICAL SYSTEMS ARE MORE LIKELY TO RECEIVE SUPPORT,
COOPERATION, AND COMPLIANCE FROM THE POPULATION, CONTRIBUTING TO
EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE AND SOCIETAL HARMONY.
• WITHOUT LEGITIMACY, GOVERNMENTS MAY FACE CHALLENGES TO THEIR
AUTHORITY, POTENTIALLY LEADING TO UNREST AND INSTABILITY.