1) Ken Cuccinelli, Attorney General of Virginia, argues that the federal government has overreached its constitutional powers and that states must reassert federalism to limit federal power and protect individual liberty.
2) Virginia has sued the federal government over the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and EPA regulations, arguing they are unconstitutional.
3) Cuccinelli believes limiting federal power and allowing states to serve as a check is critical to preserving liberty according to the principles of the US Constitution.
This document summarizes the history of labor laws in the United States regarding union membership. It discusses the Wagner Act of 1935, which initially allowed for compulsory union membership but did not protect the right to not join a union. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 attempted to address this by adding language affirming the right to refrain from union activities, but still permitted compulsory union agreements. The document argues that compulsory union membership violates freedom of association. It also compares economic growth in right-to-work states that prohibit compulsory membership to other states, finding right-to-work states have seen faster growth.
This article discusses the decline of American monuments and memorials, arguing that modern designs often misunderstand the purpose of monuments. Effective monuments convey a single powerful idea through simple, symbolic forms. However, recent memorials tend toward overly literal narratives that lack coherence and focus on intentions over visual impact. This detracts from their ability to inspire and transcend changing tastes. The article analyzes several controversial modern memorials to illustrate these points.
Gymnastics is a popular sport for young girls that helps build physical competence and confidence. The old gymnastics hall has various equipment for balance beam, floor exercises, parallel bars, and vault for girls. Children are grouped based on their determination, age, and willingness, and some have two 2-hour practices per day. Gymnastics helps children develop motor skills, flexibility, strength, and facing challenges with a strong will.
This document summarizes a speech given by Edward J. Erler on the topics of limited government and two current Supreme Court cases that will decide the reach of federal power. The summary is:
1) Erler discusses how the founders viewed limited government as stemming from the sovereignty of the people rather than a limit on government power.
2) He analyzes two current Supreme Court cases - one challenging an Arizona immigration law and the other challenging the Affordable Care Act - that will impact the future of limited government.
3) Erler argues that states have a constitutional right and duty to protect their citizens when the federal government fails to secure borders or ensure safety. Overall, the document examines the concept of limited government and
Kayaking is a popular water sport in Sremska Mitrovica that requires upper body strength, endurance, and persistence across varying temperatures. Competitions include sprint and marathon races of varying distances. The kayak club "Val" from Sremska Mitrovica has won many national and international competitions, including Olympic medals, encouraging many local children to take up the sport. Kayaking can be practiced individually or with a team in one, two, or four-person boats.
National Fed Of Business V Sebelius 2012 A Decision For The Ages (2)mluski
1) The author contends that Chief Justice Roberts' majority opinion in National Federation of Business v. Sebelius was a decision of great wisdom. Roberts found himself with a "Hobson's Choice" after Justice Kennedy voted against the individual mandate under the Commerce Clause.
2) To prevent damage to the Court's reputation and the doctrine of judicial review, Roberts joined the majority to uphold the Affordable Care Act, but on tax grounds rather than Commerce Clause grounds.
3) In doing so, Roberts strategically imposed his own "Hobson's Choice" on the liberal justices by including language limiting the Commerce Clause that will guide future rulings.
The document discusses the expanding role of the judiciary in the United States, specifically how the 1803 Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review. It established that the Supreme Court has the power to review laws and strike down those deemed unconstitutional. This clarified and expanded the role of the judicial branch by giving courts the power to review the constitutionality of laws and acts of Congress.
This document summarizes the history of labor laws in the United States regarding union membership. It discusses the Wagner Act of 1935, which initially allowed for compulsory union membership but did not protect the right to not join a union. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 attempted to address this by adding language affirming the right to refrain from union activities, but still permitted compulsory union agreements. The document argues that compulsory union membership violates freedom of association. It also compares economic growth in right-to-work states that prohibit compulsory membership to other states, finding right-to-work states have seen faster growth.
This article discusses the decline of American monuments and memorials, arguing that modern designs often misunderstand the purpose of monuments. Effective monuments convey a single powerful idea through simple, symbolic forms. However, recent memorials tend toward overly literal narratives that lack coherence and focus on intentions over visual impact. This detracts from their ability to inspire and transcend changing tastes. The article analyzes several controversial modern memorials to illustrate these points.
Gymnastics is a popular sport for young girls that helps build physical competence and confidence. The old gymnastics hall has various equipment for balance beam, floor exercises, parallel bars, and vault for girls. Children are grouped based on their determination, age, and willingness, and some have two 2-hour practices per day. Gymnastics helps children develop motor skills, flexibility, strength, and facing challenges with a strong will.
This document summarizes a speech given by Edward J. Erler on the topics of limited government and two current Supreme Court cases that will decide the reach of federal power. The summary is:
1) Erler discusses how the founders viewed limited government as stemming from the sovereignty of the people rather than a limit on government power.
2) He analyzes two current Supreme Court cases - one challenging an Arizona immigration law and the other challenging the Affordable Care Act - that will impact the future of limited government.
3) Erler argues that states have a constitutional right and duty to protect their citizens when the federal government fails to secure borders or ensure safety. Overall, the document examines the concept of limited government and
Kayaking is a popular water sport in Sremska Mitrovica that requires upper body strength, endurance, and persistence across varying temperatures. Competitions include sprint and marathon races of varying distances. The kayak club "Val" from Sremska Mitrovica has won many national and international competitions, including Olympic medals, encouraging many local children to take up the sport. Kayaking can be practiced individually or with a team in one, two, or four-person boats.
National Fed Of Business V Sebelius 2012 A Decision For The Ages (2)mluski
1) The author contends that Chief Justice Roberts' majority opinion in National Federation of Business v. Sebelius was a decision of great wisdom. Roberts found himself with a "Hobson's Choice" after Justice Kennedy voted against the individual mandate under the Commerce Clause.
2) To prevent damage to the Court's reputation and the doctrine of judicial review, Roberts joined the majority to uphold the Affordable Care Act, but on tax grounds rather than Commerce Clause grounds.
3) In doing so, Roberts strategically imposed his own "Hobson's Choice" on the liberal justices by including language limiting the Commerce Clause that will guide future rulings.
The document discusses the expanding role of the judiciary in the United States, specifically how the 1803 Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review. It established that the Supreme Court has the power to review laws and strike down those deemed unconstitutional. This clarified and expanded the role of the judicial branch by giving courts the power to review the constitutionality of laws and acts of Congress.
This document summarizes a speech by William McGurn about the influence and impact of public employee unions, especially at the state and local level. McGurn argues that public unions have successfully redefined relationships so that elected officials represent the unions rather than taxpayers. He also contends that union contracts and spending set the policy agenda rather than follow from tax and budget decisions. McGurn uses examples from New Jersey, where ex-Governor Jon Corzine seemed to represent unions over taxpayers in negotiations. Current Governor Chris Christie is trying to reform the system with measures like requiring public workers to contribute more to benefits.
This document summarizes a lecture about threats to free speech from restrictions on speech that is deemed to defame or insult religion, especially Islam. It discusses examples of violence in response to works like Salman Rushdie's novel The Satanic Verses and films that have been seen as insulting Islam. It argues that such violence is often encouraged and manipulated by governments for political purposes. It notes that restrictions on blasphemy and apostasy are used widely in many Muslim-majority countries to imprison dissidents and minorities.
The document summarizes a speech by Phil Gramm about Ronald Reagan's economic policies known as Reaganomics. Gramm argues that Reaganomics, which lowered tax rates and reduced the size of government, led to 25 years of strong economic growth and low unemployment after its implementation in 1983. He provides statistics showing increases in GDP growth, income growth, and tax revenues collected from the richest Americans after Reaganomics. The document aims to demonstrate the positive economic impact of Reagan's pro-free market policies.
This document summarizes a speech given by Michael Mukasey, former U.S. Attorney General, about executive power during wartime. Some key points:
1) Mukasey argues that the President has broad executive powers during wartime according to the Constitution, including powers over intelligence gathering and detention of enemy combatants.
2) However, President Obama has taken actions like closing Guantanamo and ending enhanced interrogation that Mukasey believes undermine these executive powers and reduce intelligence gathering.
3) Mukasey traces the roots of Islamist ideology back to Sayyid Qutb and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt in the 1920s-1960s, and their influence on Osama
Václav Klaus, president of the Czech Republic, delivered a speech in Berlin criticizing the current state of the European Union. He argues that the EU integration process and the evolution of the European social and economic system have fundamentally changed Europe for the worse. Specifically, EU integration has undermined nation states and democratic accountability, and led to problems like the euro currency zone. Additionally, Europe's economic system has shifted away from free markets toward excessive regulation, welfare benefits, and a less productive social democracy model. As a result, Europe faces serious economic and political problems that threaten its future prosperity and relevance on the global stage.
Pi 2012 12-18-presidents-essay the march of freedomMichael LaPlante
This document provides acknowledgements from Edwin J. Feulner for his 26 years of writing annual President's Essays for The Heritage Foundation highlighting influential conservatives. He thanks Heritage colleagues who assisted with the essays over the years. Feulner reflects on key thinkers featured in the essays like F.A. Hayek, Ludwig von Mises, Milton Friedman, and others who advanced the ideas of individual freedom and free markets. He summarizes some of their most important intellectual contributions to the modern conservative movement.
This document summarizes a speech by William McGurn about the influence and impact of public employee unions, especially at the state and local level. McGurn argues that public unions have successfully redefined relationships so that elected officials represent the unions rather than taxpayers. He also contends that union contracts and spending set the policy agenda rather than follow from tax and budget decisions. McGurn uses examples from New Jersey, where ex-Governor Jon Corzine seemed to represent unions over taxpayers in negotiations. Current Governor Chris Christie is trying to reform the system with measures like requiring public workers to contribute more to benefits.
This document summarizes a lecture about threats to free speech from restrictions on speech that is deemed to defame or insult religion, especially Islam. It discusses examples of violence in response to works like Salman Rushdie's novel The Satanic Verses and films that have been seen as insulting Islam. It argues that such violence is often encouraged and manipulated by governments for political purposes. It notes that restrictions on blasphemy and apostasy are used widely in many Muslim-majority countries to imprison dissidents and minorities.
The document summarizes a speech by Phil Gramm about Ronald Reagan's economic policies known as Reaganomics. Gramm argues that Reaganomics, which lowered tax rates and reduced the size of government, led to 25 years of strong economic growth and low unemployment after its implementation in 1983. He provides statistics showing increases in GDP growth, income growth, and tax revenues collected from the richest Americans after Reaganomics. The document aims to demonstrate the positive economic impact of Reagan's pro-free market policies.
This document summarizes a speech given by Michael Mukasey, former U.S. Attorney General, about executive power during wartime. Some key points:
1) Mukasey argues that the President has broad executive powers during wartime according to the Constitution, including powers over intelligence gathering and detention of enemy combatants.
2) However, President Obama has taken actions like closing Guantanamo and ending enhanced interrogation that Mukasey believes undermine these executive powers and reduce intelligence gathering.
3) Mukasey traces the roots of Islamist ideology back to Sayyid Qutb and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt in the 1920s-1960s, and their influence on Osama
Václav Klaus, president of the Czech Republic, delivered a speech in Berlin criticizing the current state of the European Union. He argues that the EU integration process and the evolution of the European social and economic system have fundamentally changed Europe for the worse. Specifically, EU integration has undermined nation states and democratic accountability, and led to problems like the euro currency zone. Additionally, Europe's economic system has shifted away from free markets toward excessive regulation, welfare benefits, and a less productive social democracy model. As a result, Europe faces serious economic and political problems that threaten its future prosperity and relevance on the global stage.
Pi 2012 12-18-presidents-essay the march of freedomMichael LaPlante
This document provides acknowledgements from Edwin J. Feulner for his 26 years of writing annual President's Essays for The Heritage Foundation highlighting influential conservatives. He thanks Heritage colleagues who assisted with the essays over the years. Feulner reflects on key thinkers featured in the essays like F.A. Hayek, Ludwig von Mises, Milton Friedman, and others who advanced the ideas of individual freedom and free markets. He summarizes some of their most important intellectual contributions to the modern conservative movement.
Pi 2012 12-18-presidents-essay the march of freedom
Pi 2011 04 imprimis
1. A Publication of Hillsdale College
Imprimis Over 1,900,000 Reader s Monthly
April 2011 • Volume 40, Number 4
Reasserting Federalism
in Defense of Liberty
Ken Cuccinelli
Attorney General of Virginia
Ken Cuccinelli was elected the Attorney General of Virginia in November
2009. From 2002-2009 he was a member of the Virginia State
Senate. Prior to that he was a partner in the law firm of Cuccinelli
and Day, where he specialized in business law. A graduate of the
University of Virginia, he has an M.A. in international relations
from George Mason University and a J.D from the George Mason
University School of Law and Economics.
The following is adapted from a speech delivered on April 1, 2011, in the “First Principles
on First Fridays” lecture series sponsored by Hillsdale College’s Kirby Center for
Constitutional Studies and Citizenship in Washington, D.C.
Some favorite Virginians of mine who inspired and crafted our federal
Constitution—Mason, Madison, Jefferson, and Henry—also drafted the Constitution
of Virginia. And in the latter, they included a critical statement that said, “No
free government, nor the blessings of liberty, can be preserved . . . but by frequent
recurrence to fundamental principles.”
Our founders well understood that our liberty could not be preserved without
frequently referring back to first principles. But while they pledged their lives, their
fortunes, and their sacred honor to defend those principles, we have often taken
them for granted, as we have become complacent in thinking that government will
take care of every problem.
We have asked government to do more for us, and all the government asks for in
return is a little bit more of our liberty. Over the decades, we kept asking. And because
the courts and the politicians were all too happy to oblige, regardless of what the
Constitution said, we no longer have a federal government of limited powers. We have
an overreaching central government—a government that seeks to plan and control vir-
tually every aspect of our lives and our economy, from health care, to energy, to auto-
mobile manufacturing, to banking and insurance.
hill sdale.edu
3. April 2011 • Volume 40, Number 4 hillsdale.edu
as activity in the government’s argument.
Clearly, someone in Washington needs An audio version of Imprimis
a dictionary. is available online at
That same reasoning could be used to hillsdale.edu/imprimis
force us to buy cars, vegetables, or gym
memberships. If Virginia loses this suit
and the federal government is allowed to plans, and real health care reform is on
cross this line, Congress will be granted hold until the Supreme Court rules. If we
a virtually unlimited power to order us do not get this suit resolved as quickly as
to buy or do anything. It would be the possible, we impose crippling uncertainty
end of federalism—not to mention indi- on the states, businesses, individuals, and
vidual rights—as we have known it for our entire economy.
more than 220 years.
There is also a secondary argument
made by defenders of the health care Liberty as an
act. The Obama administration’s fall- Environmental
back position if it loses its Commerce
Clause argument is to say that the fine
Principle
for not buying government-approved
health insurance is not a penalty, but a As bad as the federal health care law is,
tax. The administration is asserting this the economic consequences of what the
because a tax to pay for a health care EPA has in store for us will be equally
scheme would be constitutional under damaging to our freedom and our econ-
Congress’s taxing authority. We argue omy. Thus the EPA is another front in
in response that the government cannot Virginia’s federalism fight.
all of a sudden start calling a penalty a In December 2009, the EPA declared
tax to try to make the law legal. In fact, that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse
every court that has heard the govern- gases are pollutants dangerous to public
ment’s tax argument has rejected it. health because they are alleged to cause
When Congress and President global warming. This finding gave the
Obama debated the health care law, agency the immense power to regulate
for political reasons, they repeatedly CO2 emissions—and remember, this dan-
said that the fine for not buying health gerous pollutant, carbon dioxide, is what
insurance was a penalty, not a tax. And we exhale from our bodies every second
indeed, under the law they passed, they of every day.
structured it as a penalty. So now the For the ruling, the EPA relied primar-
administration is both flip-flopping and ily on data from a United Nations global
misrepresenting facts. warming report. Emails leaked in 2009
We will soon see which arguments the in the Climategate scandal showed that
appeals court agrees with, because we will some of the world’s prominent climatolo-
be arguing the case in the U.S. Fourth gists manipulated data to overstate the
Circuit Court of Appeals on May 10th. effects of carbon dioxide on the environ-
Whatever that ruling, the case will end up ment. Much of the U.N. report relied on
in front of the U.S. Supreme Court. That that questionable data, and the EPA relied
is why we are also running a second track on that report. Since the revelations from
and asking the Supreme Court to skip the the leaked emails became public, some
Fourth Circuit and take the case directly. scientists involved in the report have had
We have asked the court for this expe- to back off some of their positions and
dited review because states are already research. Renowned climate researcher
spending huge sums to implement their Judith Curry of Georgia Tech, a long-
portions of the health care act, businesses time proponent of the global warming
are already making decisions about theory, admitted recently that there is no
whether to cut or keep employee health question that data in the U.N. report was
3
4. Hıllsdale College Cruıse
Rio De Janeiro to Buenos Aires
February 20 - March 3, 2012
Aboard the Crystal Symphony
Speakers to be announced!
spaCe is liMited!
• buZiOs • itaJai for more information
• ilha grande • punta del este or to reserve your cabin,
please call Moneyshow at
• paraty • MOntevideO
• santOs/sÃO paulO
(800) 797-9519.
misleading, and that “it is obvious that Fahrenheit. Lisa Jackson, head of the
there has been deletion of adverse data” EPA, in testimony before Congress, called
that would work against the theory of this amount of temperature difference
rapid global warming in the last century. “immeasurable.” But that has not stopped
Pursuant to this, in February 2010, the agency from trying to move the new
my office petitioned the EPA to reopen auto regulations forward.
its hearings on greenhouse gases and Greenhouse gas regulations will also
review new evidence. Instead it ignored cost businesses hundreds of millions of
our request—in fact, it ignored the law. dollars in increased energy costs, and
So we filed a federal lawsuit to force the could price several industries out of busi-
hearings to be reopened, and we are still ness or force them overseas, resulting in
awaiting our day in court. permanent job losses.
If the EPA is allowed to move forward These are serious consequences of deci-
with its regulation of carbon dioxide, sions made by unelected bureaucrats. All
costs to every American household are we are asking the EPA to do is to look at all
projected to increase by $3,000 a year due the data, not just the data that supports the
to higher prices for energy, food, clothing, pre-conceived views of the people in charge.
and any other goods that require energy For my challenges to these rules and
to manufacture or transport. Talk about to the federal government, I am accused
taxing the poor! of being a flat-earther and an enemy of
In a document the EPA published on science. Nothing could be further from
regulating greenhouse gas emissions in the truth. I am not only an attorney; I was
cars and light trucks, it admits that its also an engineer. As a former engineer, I
new rules would add about $950 to the have a certain trust in science: the math,
price of each new vehicle. And buried the scientific method, the certainties of
deep in the report, the EPA’s own models the laws of physics, and the objective
show that over the next 90 years these quest for new answers. But when science
regulations would only reduce tempera- gets tainted by politics and money, and
ture increases by less than 0.03 degrees facts are set aside in the name of
4
5. aPril 2011 • Volume 40, number 4 hillsdale.edu
advancing a political agenda, it is no lon- designed for the very purpose of helping
ger science. to preserve that liberty.
And contrary to the image some in the While we can derive some satisfaction
media have created, I do not have a battle from last November’s election results as
with environmental protection. In fact, a backlash against the centralization and
my office works in close coordination growth of raw federal power, we cannot
with our Virginia regulatory agencies to repeat the mistakes of the past where con-
enforce environmental laws. I also have servative victories were followed by liberal
seven children who will be on this earth policies. We must ensure that the newly
for the better part of this century, and I elected officeholders have learned from
have a vested interest in seeing that they past mistakes. We must hold the repre-
have clean air, water, and land. sentatives we put into office accountable
But I also have a vested interest in see- to first principles, and then demand from
ing that my children have the opportunity them concrete action. For the failure of
to get good jobs and achieve at least the conservative principles has not been due to
same standard of living we have today. That the principles themselves, but to the failure
means we have to balance care for our envi- to fight for them.
ronment with care for our economy. At a time such as this, when principled
We also have to recognize that eco- conservatives do not control the reins of
nomic growth underwrites environmen- power in Washington, state attorneys gen-
tal protection. Wealthy countries pay eral become the first line of defense against
for environmental improvement, and federal government overreach. When I
healthy economies are critical to it. The ran for Attorney General of Virginia,
only places on earth that have strived I said that if the federal government
for a clean environment share two key crossed certain lines, I would challenge it.
characteristics: free people and free mar- Unfortunately, we have a federal govern-
kets. Economic success will help deliver ment that is giving us more opportunities
environmental improvement far more to challenge it than I would like. But we
effectively than any number of forcibly- are keeping our promise. With fellow
applied regulations. Yet we are gradually Virginians and the American people, we
suffocating our free market economy have planted our flag and we are taking
with command-and-control regulations a stand. And if we are successful, future
from our federal government. generations of Americans will have a
chance to enjoy the liberty that has made
Freedom in America the envy of the world.
Success in this fight for federalism is
the Balance critical, for as Ronald Reagan warned us:
With the EPA’s attempts to regulate Freedom is never more than one
our lives by regulating the by-products generation away from extinction.
of practically everything we buy and We did not pass it to our children
everything we do, and with the federal in the bloodstream. It must be
government’s attempt to assume the power fought for, protected, and handed
to command us to buy its chosen health on for them to do the same, or
insurance, we face one day we will
some of the most sig- spend our sunset
nificant and unprece- years telling our
dented erosions of lib- children and our
erty in our lifetimes. children’s children
did yOu KnOW?
And federalism—that what it was once
t he Hillsdale College gr aduating
tension between state class of 2011, in conjunction with the like in the United
sovereigns and the fed- president’s office, has selected journalist States where men
and novelist Mark Helprin to deliver
eral government—was this year’s commencement address on were free. I
saturday, May 14.
5
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Surrounded
by Nature
Please use the enclosed postage paid envelope, e-mail us
at imprimis@hillsdale.edu or telephone (800) 437-2268.
HAs YouR AddRess CHANGed?
3943 N. Skookum Road | Luther, Mıchıgan
Get away to a relaxing retreat
at The Rockwell Lake Lodge.
Surround yourself with
the natural beauty of
the G.H. Gordon Biological Station,
while enjoying the hospitality and
411
amenities of an elegant lodge.
It’s a wilderness retreat with
the comforts of home.
Specıal Internet-Only
Offers Avaılable!
therockwelllakelodge.com
Call for reservations: (517) 437-3311