The document discusses heat transfer and insulation properties of different materials used in construction. It explains that igloos made of ice stay warm inside because ice is a good insulator that traps heat. Mud houses also provide good insulation from heat transfer - the mud walls and thatched roof insulate against heat flow in both summer and winter, keeping the interior cool in summer and warm in winter. Concrete houses, being more conductive, allow more heat transfer - causing the inside to feel hotter in summer and cooler in winter as heat flows in and out.

1. Physics
heat
M. Akshaya Sree

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The ice blocks
out the chilling
wind. Second,
ice is good at
trapping heat.
We say that it is
a good
insulator. A
small igloo with
a candle inside,
or even just the
body warmth of
the inhabitants,
can stay
surprisingly
warm.

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Mud is a bad conductor of heat and
so is the air trapped in the thatch of
roof. Thus, in summer the heat from
outside does not flow in and, hence, it
keeps cool. Conversely, in winter the
heat from within does not flow out and
it keeps warm.
The concrete houses are somewhat
more conducting than mud
houses. Thus, the heat in summer
flows in and makes it
hot. Conversely, the heat from within
flows out in winter and keeps it cool.

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