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2. Topic.Monobactams
Name Zil e huma
Department .BSN batch IV
Roll no .50
Submitted to ..Dr Anum Ishfaq

3. • Monobactam
• Monobactams ..are used when a patient is allergic to penicillinThey bind and inhibit enzymes
like other antibacterial drugs, but their composition is slightly different.
• Aztreonam
• is the first mem- ber in this class of antibacterial drugs and the only one currently available.
• It’s a synthetic monobactam with a narrow spectrum of activity that includes many gram-
negative aerobic bacteria.

4. • PHARMACOKINETICS .
• .Absorption,excretion and metabolism
• After parenteral administration, aztreonam is rapidly and com pletely absorbed and widely distributed.
• It’s metabolized partially and excreted primarily in urine
• as unchanged drug.

5. • PHARMACODYNAMICS
• (mechanism of action)
• Pharmacodynamics Aztreonam’s bactericidal activity results from inhibition of bacte- rial
cell-wall synthesis.
• It binds to the PBP-3 of susceptible gram- negative bacteria,
• inhibiting cell-wall division and resulting in lysis inhibit cell wall division and resulting in
lysis

6. PHARMAACOTHERPEUTICS
PREVENT ANDTREAT THE DISEASE
It’s effective against most strains of E. coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis,
Serratia marcescens, H. influenzae, and Citrobacter.
It’s used to treat complicated and uncomplicated UTIs, sep- skin and skin-structure,intra-abdominal
, and gynecologic infections caused by susceptib gram-negative aerobic bacteria.
• It’s usually active against gram-negative aerobic organisms that are resistant to antibiotics hydrolyzed by
beta-lactamases.
(Beta-lactamase is an enzyme that makes an antibacterial drug ineffective.)

7. .ADVERSE REACTION
• Adverse reactions to aztreonam include:
• diarrhea
• hypersensitivity and skin reactions
• Hypotension
• nausea and vomiting
• transient electrocardiogram (ECG) changes (including ventricu lar arrhythmias)
• transient increases in serum liver enzymes.

8. IMPLEMENTATION
• To give an IV bolus dose, inject the drug slowly over 3 to 5 minutes directly into a vein or
IV tubing
• . Give infusions over 20 minutes to 1 hour. •
• Give IM injections deep into a large muscle mass, such as the upper outer quadrant of
the gluteus maximum or the lateral aspect of the thigh. •
• Give doses larger than I g by the IV route.
• • Warn the patient receiving the drug IM that pain and swelling