A reflection on the impact of digitalization in how work is organized.
Presented at the launching of Phase 2 of "Indústria 4.0", the Portuguese Government program for digitising Portuguese industry.
2. Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019
Carl Benedikt Frey, &
Michael A. Osborne. (2015,
Fevereiro). TECHNOLOGY AT
WORK - The Future of
Innovation and
Employment. Citi GPS.
2
3. Que profissões são afetadas?
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 3
11. Arntz, M., Gregory, T., & Zierahn, U. (2016). The Risk of Automation for
Jobs in OECD Countries. https://doi.org/10.1787/5jlz9h56dvq7-en
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 11
12. Nedelkoska, L., & Quintini, G. (2018).
Automation, skills use and training
(OECD Social, Employment and
Migration Working Papers N. 202).
https://doi.org/10.1787/2e2f4eea-en
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 12
13. Source: Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) 2012.
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 14
14. Que empregos?
Nedelkoska, L., & Quintini, G. (2018).
Automation, skills use and training
(OECD Social, Employment and
Migration Working Papers N. 202).
https://doi.org/10.1787/2e2f4eea-en
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 15
16. 1990 2014
Detroit Silicon Valley
1.200.000 funcionários 137.000 funcionários
36.000 Milhões USD 1.090.000 Milhões USD
Carl Benedikt Frey, & Michael A. Osborne. (2015, Fevereiro).
TECHNOLOGY AT WORK - The Future of Innovation and Employment.
Citi GPS.
Concentração
As três maiores nos EUA
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019
“Instead of labour, the greatest beneficiaries of the digital age
have been shareholders.”
17
17. Council of Economical Advisors. (2016, Fevereiro
22). 2016 Economic Report of the President |
The White House. Obtido 4 de Maio de 2016, de
https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eo
p/cea/economic-report-of-the-President/2016
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 18
18. “The Rise of Corporate Market Power”
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 19
World Economic Forum. (2019, Abril). World Economic Outlook,
Analytical Chapters. Obtido de
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2019/03/28/
world-economic-outlook-april-2019
19. “A mão do mercado não é apenas
invisível, também é cega, e entregue a
si própria pode revelar-se incapaz de
fazer o que quer que seja em relação a
ameaças [sobre a nossa forma de
vida.]”
Yuval Noah Harari. (2017). Homo Deus
- História Breve do Amanhã.
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 20
21. Formação
“adult learning is a crucial policy instrument”
“The odds of participating in any type of training, on-the-job and outside the job,
are found to be significantly lower among workers in jobs at risk of being
automated.”
“workers with the highest risk of automation [are] about twice less likely to
participate in formal education and 3.5 times less likely to take part in distant
learning”
Nedelkoska, L., & Quintini, G. (2018). Automation, skills use and
training (OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers N.
202). https://doi.org/10.1787/2e2f4eea-en
“automation has proven much more likely to redistribute the demand for
various skills and jobs than to eliminate work altogether”
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 22
22. “Dores” na transição
Education takes time to acquire and even if schools are able to quickly
react to changing labour demands and quickly absorb new applicants,
the time it takes to educate a labour force cohort will induce a lag
between demand and supply.
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 23
23. Acções
• Empresas
– Oferecer oportunidades e condições para formação
• Indivíduos
– Procurar ativamente a sua formação
• Governos
– Políticas e programas para correção de falhas
Pedro Fonseca (UA/IT) - Work 4.0 - Guimarães, 9.04.2019 24
