vascular supply of brain

1. VASCULAR SUPPLY OF BRAIN
Pbl 2

2. OBJECTIVES
Vascular supply of brain
Arterial injuries and functional deficit

3. 2 vertebral artery
And
2 internal carotid artery
Vertebral artery
Through foramen of transverse process
Of 6 cervical vertebra
Curves backward and ascends through
foramen magnum & pierce dura and
arachnoid
To reach caudal border of pons – basilar
artery

8. INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY
1. Middle cerebral artery
Largest branch
Run lateral in lateral cerebral sulcus
Cotical branches
Almost entire lateral surface
Supply all motor area except leg area
Central branches
Enters anterior perforated substance
Lentiform, caudade nucleus and internal capsule

10. • 2. anterior cerebral artery
Superior to optic n. & enter longitudinal fissure
Curves backward over the corpus callosum
Cortical branches
All medial surface of cerebral cortex
to the parieto-occipital sulcus
Leg area of precentral gyrus
Central branches
Ant. Perforated substance
Supply part of lentiform & cudate n , & internal capsule

11. VERTEBRAL ARTERY
Posterior cerebral artery
Curves laterally and backward around the mid-brain
Cortical branches
Temporal lobe (inferolateral & medila surface)
Occipital lobe (medial & lateral)
Central branches
Supply thalamus, lentiform n. , mid brain,
pineal gland & medial geniculate body
Choroidal branches
Supply choroid plexus of
Lateral ventricle (through inferior horn)
Also 3rd ventricle

13. VENOUS DRAINAGE
• No valve
• Lies in sub-arachnoid space
• Veins pierces the arachnoid and pia mater to
drain into cranial venous sinuses

14. 1. External cerebral vein
1. Superior cerebral vein
2. Superficial middle
cerebral v.
(lateral surface)
3. Basal v.
(insula)

15. 2. Internal cerebral
vein
- Thalamostriate v
+
Choroid v
- Internal cerebral v
- Great cerebral vein

16. CLINICAL CORRELATES
Strokes
Ischemic stroke
• Sudden development of focal neurological deficits that are
usually related to impaired cerebral blood flow
• E.g. Ischemic stroke by embolism
Hemorrhagic stroke
• Occurs after rupture of ab artery or a saccular aneurysm (
eg. Berry aneurysm)

17. cerebral artery syndrome
1. anterior cerebral artery occlusion
(distal to communicating artery)
• Contralateral hemiparesis & loss (paracentral
lobule of cortex)
• Inability to identify object , personality changes
(frontal and parietal lobe)

18. 2. middle cerebral artery occlusion
• Variable sings and symptoms
• Contralateral hemiparesis , hemisensory loss
mainly face and arm (precentral & post central
gyrus)
• Aphasia (left hemisphere)

19. 3. Internal carotid artery occlusion
• Symptoms of middle cerebral a. occlusion
• Partial or complete loss of sight on the same side

20. Brain infarct
• Atheromatous plaque
• Stenosis – severe neurological deficit
Embolus –
Acute cortical infarction
30s- alters bran metabolism
1-2 min – loss of neuronal function
>5min – cerebral infarction

21. REFERENCES
• 1. Clinical neuroanatomy, snell
• 2. Moore Clinically oriented anatomy,7e
• 3. Atlas of human anatomy, 6e

22. Thank you

25. SUPEROLATERAL SURFACE
• Most part supplied by middle cerebral artery
• ( motor and sensory area and frontal eye filed)
• Anterior cerebellar artery
• A narrow strip of cerebral cortex joining