Parenterals.pptx
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Parenterals are sterile solutions or suspensions of drugs administered directly into veins, muscles, or tissues other than the intestine. They have a more rapid onset than other routes due to direct entry into the bloodstream. Parenterals must meet general requirements of isotonicity, sterility, stability, and freedom from particles and toxins. They have advantages of rapid action, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, and use when oral intake is not possible, but also have disadvantages of pain on injection, high costs, and need for trained staff and sterile facilities.
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Health Tech Market Intelligence Prelim Questions -
The Ultimate Guide to Setting up Market Research in Health Tech part -1
How to effectively start market research in the health tech industry by defining objectives, crafting problem statements, selecting methods, identifying data collection sources, and setting clear timelines. This guide covers all the preliminary steps needed to lay a strong foundation for your research.
This lays foundation of scoping research project what are the
Before embarking on a research project, especially one aimed at scoping and defining parameters like the one described for health tech IT, several crucial considerations should be addressed. Here’s a comprehensive guide covering key aspects to ensure a well-structured and successful research initiative:
1. Define Research Objectives and Scope
Clear Objectives: Define specific goals such as understanding market needs, identifying new opportunities, assessing risks, or refining pricing strategies.
Scope Definition: Clearly outline the boundaries of the research in terms of geographical focus, target demographics (e.g., age, socio-economic status), and industry sectors (e.g., healthcare IT).
3. Review Existing Literature and Resources
Literature Review: Conduct a thorough review of existing research, market reports, and relevant literature to build foundational knowledge.
Gap Analysis: Identify gaps in existing knowledge or areas where further exploration is needed.
4. Select Research Methodology and Tools
Methodological Approach: Choose appropriate research methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, or data analytics.
Tools and Resources: Select tools like Google Forms for surveys, analytics platforms (e.g., SimilarWeb, Statista), and expert consultations.
5. Ethical Considerations and Compliance
Ethical Approval: Ensure compliance with ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects.
Data Privacy: Implement measures to protect participant confidentiality and adhere to data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA).
6. Budget and Resource Allocation
Resource Planning: Allocate resources including time, budget, and personnel required for each phase of the research.
Contingency Planning: Anticipate and plan for unforeseen challenges or adjustments to the research plan.
7. Develop Research Instruments
Survey Design: Create well-structured surveys using tools like Google Forms to gather quantitative data.
Interview and Focus Group Guides: Prepare detailed scripts and discussion points for qualitative data collection.
8. Sampling Strategy
Sampling Design: Define the sampling frame, size, and method (e.g., random sampling, stratified sampling) to ensure representation of target demographics.
Participant Recruitment: Plan recruitment strategies to reach and engage the intended participant groups effectively.
9. Data Collection and Analysis Plan
Data Collection: Implement methods for data gathering, ensuring consistency and validity.
Analysis Techniques: Decide on analytical approaches (e.g., statistical
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Germany
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Types of Cancer Treatments | Forms of cancer treatment
Types of Cancer Treatments | Forms of cancer treatment
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Health Tech Market Intelligence Prelim Questions -
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Parenterals.pptx
- 1. Unit-6(a) Pharm D (4th year) Sterile Formulations: Parenterals Presented By: Mr. Rajat Goyal (Assistant Professor) MM School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University, Mullana-Ambala (Haryana)
- 2. Introduction The term ‘Parenteral’ derived from the Greek work ‘Para’ outside and ‘Enterone’ intestine. These are sterile solutions or suspensions of drug(s) in aqueous or oily vehicle. They are administered directly into veins, muscles or under the skin, or more specialized tissues such as spinal cord.
- 3. Routes of Administration Parenterals routes of administration usually have a more rapid onset of action than other routes of administration. Various parenterals routes are as follow: 1. Subcutaneous 2. Intravenous 3. Intramuscular 4. Intradermal 5. Intracardiac 6. Peridural 7. Intra-arterial 8. Intrathecal 9. Intra-articular 10. Intracerebral
- 4. General Requirements for Parenteral dosage forms Isotonicity Sterility Stability Free from pyrogens & toxins Free from foreign particles Chemical Purity
- 5. Advantages Rapid onset of action. Avoid first pass metabolism. Complete bioavailability. Useful for patients who cannot take drugs orally. Useful for emergency situations. Useful for delivering fluids, electrolytes, nutrients etc.
- 6. Disadvantages Pain on injection. Trained staff required. More expensive. Requires strict control of sterility. Require specialized equipments, devices and techniques to prepare and administer drugs.
- 7. Thanks