1. Page 285, Exercise 4
This exercise shows how to put in
adverb when you use the Present
Perfect

2. 1. The has already given a test on
Lesson 8.
The adverb goes in between has/have
and the past participle.
(We often use present perfect with
“already.”

3. 2. We have never heard of Page
and Brin.
We usually use present perfect with
“ever” and “never.”

4. 3. They have always been
interested in search technology.
Here we’re using present perfect
because it started in the past and
continues in the present.

5. 4. You have probably used
Google.
Here we’re using present perfect for an
indefinite time in the past—use simple
past if the time is definite. “We used
Google this morning.”

6. 5. Brin hasn’t even finished his
degree.
Here we’re using present perfect for an
indefinite time in the past—use simple
past if the time is definite. “The teacher
finished her degree in 1970.”

7. 6. Brin and Page have already
become billionaires.
Use the present perfect with
“already.”

8. Some adverbs can go to the end of
the sentence, but some of the
can’t:
“Already” and “probably” can go to
the end.
“Even” and “never” and “always”
must go in the middle—you can’t
put them at the end.