The Netherlands implementation paradox: Reflections on policies in Tackling CAN
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Peter van der Linden Chairman of the Board of NeSPCAN Counsillor at IPSCAN BASPCAN Congress 2015
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The Netherlands implementation paradox: Reflections on policies in Tackling CAN
- 1. Reflections on policies in Tackling CAN Peter van der Linden Chairman of the Board of NeSPCAN Netherlands Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect Chair@nespcan.nl Counsillor at ISPCAN International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect 1 BASPCAN Congress 2015: New Directions in Child Protection and Well-being
- 2. 1. Netherlands recent history in Tackling CAN 2. NeSPCAN 3. Monitoring 4. CFC movement 5. Europe 2
- 4. 4
- 5. Sexual Violence vs Domestic Violence Tackling CAN
- 6. 1982-1995 sexual violence era 1982: Kijkduin conferentie 1983: VSK boek: de Straf op zwijgen is levenslang 1984: Draijer literatuur studie 1986: Vier trauma dynamieken (boek Finkelhor and Brown) 1988: Draijers studie s. misbruik van meisjes door verwanten 1989: Bolderkar schandaal Vgl ENGLAND CLEVELAND 1990: dissertatie Draijer 1989-94: publicaties voer omgaan met vermoedens van seksueel misbruik (start in 1989) 1996: Nato FALSE MEMORIES DISCUSSIE in Frankrijk 2000: DV policy rises (2002 ‘Private violence, public matter’) SG verdwijnt van de agenda Schandalen in kerk en jeugdinstellingen 2009 Commissiee Deetman begint onderzoek naar seksueel misbruik in katholieke instellingen 2010: Commissie Samson geïnstalleerd over seksueel misbruik in residentiële en pleegzorg
- 7. Denial Stigmatization Avoidance Lack of awareness Lack of skilled performance
- 8. Child protection is separated from youth care No mandatory reporting, but reporting code Decentralisation: End of distinction local general & preventive youth policy – regional child and youth social care system Integration of several universal services in Centre for youth and families
- 9. Some CFC’s, no government funding Initiatives: e.g. care and advice teams, safety houses Recently: integration of referrals of CAN and Domestic Violence (AMHK) Lack of structural initial education on child abuse and neglect but also: initiatives, e-learning, lobby and evaluation for long term planning
- 10. • Public opinion and attitudes • Accountability • Adaptability (tailored needs) • Participation of parents and children • Fear and shame factor • Empowerment • Respect • Access and availability of services
- 11. • Training and education • Integrated services along the line of the whole care continuum • Family and Centre/ system focus rather than on the individual child victim • Transparency • Balance between control and support • Importance of evaluation • PDCA-approach
- 12. • Decentralisation / Vision and budgets of Local government • PDCA-cycles • Chain approach; Integrated approach? • Wrap around care, Matched Care • Resourses, e.g. Financial support of cooperation • Case load • Wide range of support services
- 13. • (Uniform) use of risc taxation & knowledge on riscfactors • Double tasks local social authorities • Specific Treatment • Reputation of CP-offices (“they take away your children”) • Minimal standards on CAN for universal service • Learning possibilities of organizations • Serious case reviews • Research on quality, effect, evaluation
- 14. 14 What works? Both policy as operational level: • Integrated approach • PDCA-cycle • Problem oriented & solving / solutions Policy: • Combine legislation & campaigns (awareness raising) Support of families needs: • Combined care and practical help • Relational competences of the professional • Adequate support of the professional • Training of professionals & volonteers
- 16. Determing the demand RAAK 2006 Rak 2008-2010 & RAK2 (2011-2012) Transition Phase (2013-now)
- 18. 18 Stuur Groep: Ondewijs, zorg, borging Onderzoeksraad voor de Veiligheid Kinder Rechten Collectief Knelpunten & aanbevelingen Advies Kennisinstituten: Activeer de samenleving Gerichte & getrapte preventie Integraal multi- disciplinair Hulp aanbod Epidemie Gezondheidsraad : Hulpaanbod ontoereikend en versnipperd NPM 2010 In 2010 119.000 kinderen Toename meldingen, Incidentie blijft gelijk Justitie Taskforce Kindermishandeling en Seksueel Misbruik Samson Comissie Nationaal Rapporteur Mensenhandel en seksueel geweld tegen kinderen Rouvoet commissie
- 19. Research Verwey-Jonker institute: In G4; Main Municipalities: Violence when reported: 122 incidents, after 1,5 year: 72 incidents No severe physical harm when reported: 18%, after 1,5 year: 50% Research Trimbos Institute “Kindspoor”-report South-Holland: 60 to 70% re- reporting
- 20. Create 1 budget, 1 governing layer Invent-groep Hermans Operatie Jong van Eijck Jeugd en Gezin Opvoeden versterken Stam en van Yperen TK-cie from problem- towards result oriented work more accessability and effect 1 Child, 1 Family, 1 Plan VWS
- 21. Veilig Thuis = CAN+DV Advisory and reporting Centers
- 22. Cumulating effects; cuts on various groups and ‘multi problem families’ target the same individuals Decentralisation of Youth Care Budgets : (jeugd-GGZ, jeugd-LVB en de jeugdzorg), Werken naar Vermogen (Wwb, Wajong, Wsw, WIJ) en de activerende begeleiding van de AWBZ Family Group Conferencing as solution for everything Prevention gets lost (long term vision vs. ad hoc) Costs for smaller Municipalities (funding of care) Influence of Municipalities over Justice Accountability Cycle Municipalities and youth policy Diagnostics & Care (Specialist) 22
- 24. H O L I S T I C I N T E G R A T E D Social Department Etc, etc Justice Department Labour Department Department of Education structure targetgroup culture Stan van Haaren, Cu Futuro 2010
- 25. Founded november 2013, based on UNCRC article 19, which states that State Parties must take measures to “…to identify, protect and assist victims, to report, refer and investigate violence and to ensure access to redress violations…” Child victims of violence also have a right to be heard and to receive information. EU Directives, Council of Europe Conventions and Guidelines affirm these rights.
- 26. Prevention analysis-programming Private and public domain Childrens voice, Parent support, Discrepancies between legal and care system Science & practice – program Supporting and promoting Child Friendly Centers / CAC’s in the Netherlands and throughout Europe Continuum of care, Safety management and risk assesment, Domestic violence and therapy effectiveness, Fatalities
- 27. Monitoring including PDCA by the Municipalities Initial education and training of all (future) professionals including involvement of survivors and expliciting tacid knowledge International cooperation and exchange Country Partners of Europe EUCCAN (Amsterdam) BASPCAN (UK) ISPCAN Regional European Conference 2015 (Romania) Future European Conferences
- 28. NeSPCAN Netherlands Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect
- 29. T1 T2 T3 T4 Knowledge Expertise Professionality Tijd Stan van Haaren, Cu Futuro 2010
- 30. DESIGN D E V E L O P The Dream Stan van Haaren, Cu Futuro 2010
- 31. 31
- 32. Municipality Monitor Tackling CAN; de Wilde et al, 2014
- 33. Januari 2015 Municipalities will be– besides for prevention – completely responsible for researching CAN situations and for helping parents and maltreated children January 2015
- 35. MAK Monitoring principles • Support, no ranking or naming & shaming • Interactive, exchange of expeceriences Gemeente / regio pla n do chec k act
- 37. Source: Municipal Monitor CAN; de Wilde et al, 2014 Policy on CAN Municipality policy in general General provisions •Effective communication about educational worries •Education towards young people •Education about parenting without violence •Education about Shaking Baby Syndrom Individual families at risk •Screening & prevention among pregnant women •Children in care and kindergarten Care after first signals •Supporting parents after threat of CAN or beginning CAN Reacting on suspected CAN •Prevention for children suffering/witnessing Domestic Violence •Training of professionals
- 38. 38
- 39. Education to young people Education about parenting without violence Education about excessive crying and Shaken Baby Syndrome Screening and prevention among pregnant women Insufficient: Not optimal: • All other objectives Source: Municipal Monitor CAN; de Wilde et al, 2014
- 40. DV Treatment New figures DV/ Veilig Thuis Effects of local policy (The Hague) Regional meetings & exchange of knowledge International use
- 41. San Diego Declaration I & II NL initiatives Going Europe 41
- 45. 1. Multidisciplinary approach in every ‘ Veilig Thuis’ region, in cases of family violence, incl. child abuse. This includes legal, forensic, medical, social and psychological system-based support to families to: stop the violence, recover from the consequences of the violence & prevent new violence. 2. Children(s) (safety) first!‘ Manifest Stop Domestic Violence’ & ‘ The Guiding Principles’ are leading in the development of the multidisciplinary approach. 3. Stimulate and support pilots to develop a multidisciplinary approach,‘ one stop-shop’ model
- 46. 46 The biggest problems developing true collaboration (Gwinn, 2012) Different visions for service delivery
- 47. 47 The biggest problems developing true collaboration (Gwinn, 2012) Power and control - Personality conflicts - Politics – Competition - Limited resources
- 48. 48 The biggest problems developing true collaboration (Gwinn, 2012) Lack of accountability and mutual respect
- 49. Casus Wet en regelgeving Bedenktijd beroepskracht 26 weken geen termijn Onderzoek AMK 12 weken 12 weken Indicatie door Bureau Jeugdzorg 6 weken 6 weken Start JHV na afgifte van een indicatiebesluit 9 weken 9 weken Hulpverlening op vrijwillige basis 26 weken geen termijn Melding AMK bij Raad vd Kinderbescherming 1 week geen termijn Onderzoek Raad voor de Kinderbescherming 6 weken 6 weken Eerste afspraak hulpverlening 4 weken geen termijn Aanvraag en afhandeling OTS 6 weken 6 weken Start gedwongen hulpverlening na uitspraak rechtbank 1 week 1 week Totaal 97 weken 40 weken (excl. vrijwillige hulp) Overgenomen van Alfons Crijnen, kinder- en jeugdpsychiater (Fier, 2012)
- 50. 50 Police Region 1 IC Women Care 2011 2012 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 687 9 10 11 1287 2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 1287 Family Mother Father Children Contact All Family Members Contact Perpetrator & Children Contact Perpetrator & Victim Contact Victim Contact Children Contact Perpetrator Contact Victim & Children Youth Care 1 Women Care Women Shelter 1 IC Police Region 1 Brother of Mother Women Shelter 2 Municipality Women Shelter 3 School Family of Father Youth care 2 Social Work Round Table Meeting Mental Health Care Aunt of Mother Police Region 2 Home Care Services 2 Home Care Services 1 Housing Corpor- ation Major Probation SHG Intensive Case Management Neigh- borhood Police Safety House
- 51. Veel stappen, veel lijntjes en overzicht........
- 54. A one-stop location at the ED where all victims of rape (< 7 days) can receive medical and psychological care whilst at the same time having the opportunity to undergo a forensic examination
- 56. 56
- 57. 58