osteoarthritis.pptx
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Osteoarthritis is a complex disease that involves the breakdown and eventual loss of articular cartilage in joints. It was formerly considered a simple "wear and tear" process but is now understood to involve inflammation. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, and loss of function in affected joints. Diagnosis is made based on symptoms and confirmed with x-rays showing bone spurs and joint space narrowing. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and inflammation with medications and surgery, including joint replacement, for severe cases.
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This document provides an overview of osteoarthritis, including its definition, classification, etiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Osteoarthritis is characterized by degenerative changes in the joints that cause pain, tenderness, and limited range of motion. It is classified as either primary, affecting weight-bearing joints, or secondary, occurring in injured joints. Risk factors include age, genetics, obesity, trauma, and certain occupations. Diagnosis involves tests, imaging, and ruling out other conditions. Treatment options discussed include medications, physical therapy, acupuncture, massage, and magneto therapy.
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osteoarthritis.pptx
- 4. definition
- 7. ANATOMY
- 9. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY formerly considered to be simply a degenerative "wear and tear" process and therefore often misnamed as degenerative joint disease Pathogenesis of OA is much more complex "-itis" is indicative of an inflammatory process is actually correct Destruction and loss of the articular cartilage is a central component of OA, all joint tissues are affected in some way
- 10. PATHOGENESI S
- 11. PATHOGENESIS
- 12. HISTOLOGY OF OA
- 13. OA
- 15. GRADES OF OA:
- 17. 1RY. VS 2RY.
- 18. CLINICAL PICTURE
- 23. X-RAYS;
- 24. XR
- 25. Differential Diagnosis Rheumatoid arthritis (symmetric, atrophic rather than hypertrophic arthritis) Psoriatic arthritis (may be in one finger as dactylitis, and characteristic nail changes are usually present) Avascular necrosis (articular cartilage loss precedes bone destruction in OA) Crystalline arthritis (urate or CPP crystals in synovial fluid, tophi on imaging in gout) Hemochromatosis (targets the MCP joints and wrists, predominates in men, squared-off bone ends and hook-like osteophytes in the MCP joints) SYNOVIAL CHONDROMATOSIS Infectious arthritis : (inflammatory signs effusion, increased warmth, erythema), culturing the pathogen from the synovial fluid or from the blood Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (bony spurs in pelvic apophyses and vertebral column, usually asymptomatic) Soft tissue abnormalities (bursitis, tendinitis, enthesitis, etc.)
- 27. TREATMENT OF OA:
- 35. ARTHROPLASTY
- 36. THANKS
- 37. REFERENCES ØSolomon L, Warwick D, Nayagam S. Apley’s system of orthopedics and fractures, 9th edition ØLeticia Alle Deveza et al., Overview of the management of osteoarthritis, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-themanagement- of-osteoarthritis ØMichael Doherty et al., Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of osteoarthritis, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinicalmanifestations- and-diagnosis-of-osteoarthritis ØLeticia Alle Deveza et al., Management of knee osteoarthritis, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/management-of-knee-osteoarthritis ØLyn March, AM et al., Epidemiology and risk factors for osteoarthritis, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-and-riskfactors- for-osteoarthritis ØLisa A Mandl et al., Overview of surgical therapy of knee and hip osteoarthritis, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-ofsurgical- therapy-of-knee-and-hip-osteoarthritis ØKarine Louati et al., Comorbidities that impact management of osteoarthritis, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/comorbidities-thatimpact- management-of-osteoarthritis