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Drought stress in potato plants
Pankaj Banik
M.Sc. Student
Supervisor: Prof. Karen Tanino
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
• Herbaceous C3 plant, tetraploid, 48 Chromosomes
• 3rd most important food crop grown in 150 countries
Source: USDA National
Nutrient Database
Drought in potato plants
• Stolon formation & tuberization
– Most sensitive stage
• Longer period in tuber formation
• Decrease in tuber number, growth
& yield
Sensitive
Even a short period
Tuber production & quality
Rationale
• Lots of work in molecular biology
• Little work
–Whole plant physiology
• History
• Acclimation
• Stress & Recovery
–Western Canada
– Short growing season
Long-term goal
To determine the key elements of
potato drought stress resistance
Experiment setup
Applying drought stress
NA
Stress & Recovery
Survival score
• 0 – vigorous growth
• 1 – Green, 25% leaves
wilted
• 2 – Green, 50% leaves
wilted
• 3 – 75% leaves wilted,
stem bent, lower leaves
changed color
• 4 – All leaves wilted,
some dead, weak stem
• 5 – Plant died
Severe stress (scale 3)
After recovery (scale 0)
Measurements
• Leaf WC
• Stomatal aperture
• Leaf water loss over 15 minutes
• Leaf temperature
• Leaflet water content
• Flowering time
• Stem diameter and plant height
• Biomass
• Trichome Number
• Leaf cuticle layer
• Yield
Applying drought stress
1 1
1 1
2 2
2 2
3 3
3 3
4
4
4
4
5 5
6
6
7
8
9
Contrasting Genotypes
AAFC Potato breeding program, Lethbridge
– Fv12246-6
– V1002-2
– Russet Burbank (RB)
Hypotheses
• Drought stress history of genotypes affects
subsequent drought stress resistance
• Drought acclimation and recovery are key
components of resistance
• Stomatal aperture parameters are associated
with yield under drought stress conditions
Experiment I (V1002)
Generation 1 Generation 2 Generation 3
NA
(Non Acclimated)
NA-NA NA-NA-NA
NA-DAS
(Drought Acclimated & Stressed)
NA-NA-DAS
NA-NAS
(Non Acclimated & Stressed)
NA-NA-NAS
DA
(Drought Acclimated)
DA-NA DA-DA-NA
DA-DAS DA-DA-DAS
DA-NAS DA-DA-NAS
Yield (Stress history)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
NA-NA NA-DAS NA-NAS DA-NA DA-DAS DA-NAS
Treatments
MeanofYield
C
B
D
A B C D
A
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
NA-NA
NA-DAS
NA-NAS
DA-NA
DA-DAS
DA-NAS
Treatments
Tuber No.
<5g
5-20g
20-50g
50-100g
>100g
Leaf water loss over 15 min
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Time (min)
%waterloss
NA-NA-NA
NA-NA-DAS
NA-DAS-NA
NA-DAS-DAS
DA-DAS-NA
DA-DAS-DAS
2
*
1 2
1
LWC at maximum stress
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
NA-NA-NA NA-NA-DAS NA-NA-NAS NA-DAS-NA NA-DAS-DAS NA-DAS-NAS DA-DAS-NA DA-DAS-DAS DA-DAS-NAS
Treatments
%leafwatercontent
A
A
Experiment II
Genotypes Treatments Codes
Fv12
Non Acclimated (NA) Fv-NA
DAS (Drought Acclimated & Stressed) Fv-DAS
NAS (Non Acclimated & Stressed) Fv-NAS
V1002
NA V-NA
DAS V-DAS
NAS V-NAS
RB
NA RB-NA
DAS RB-DAS
NAS RB-NAS
Treatments Genotypes
Leaf water content
Acclimation
Maximum stress
NA > DAS ***
NA > DAS > NAS *
V > RB > Fv *
V > RB > Fv ***
Leaf water loss over 15 minutes
Acclimation
Recovery
Overall ***
Overall ***, NA > NAS ***
V > Fv ***, V > RB ***
Overall ***, V > RB ***
Leaf Temperature during
Stress
Recovery
NAS>NA***, NAS>DAS*, Overall: *,
NA>DAS*
RB > V *, RB > Fv *
Overall:*, RB~V*
Leaflet water content during
recovery
DAS > NAS * RB > V ***, RB > Fv *, Fv > V *
Leaf Trichome No. Genotype – Treatments interaction: ***
Shoot dry biomass Overall: ***, Fv > V ***, Fv > RB ***
Plant height Oveall: ***, RB > Fv ***, RB > V ***
Stem diameter Overall: ***, Fv > V ***, RB > V ***
Stem Number Overall: ***, Fv > V ***, RB > V ***
***p<0.05, *p close to 0.05
Leaf Cuticle layer
NA-NA-NA
(no stress history)
DA-DAS-DAS
(Stressed over 3
generations)
Ongoing & future work
WUE
• Carbon isotope
discrimination
Stomatal aperture
& density Stem water potential (Non
destructive, real time
LICOR-6400
Acknowledgements
• Prof. Karen Tanino
• Dr. Helen Tai, Sustainable Agriculture Environment System (SAGES)
• Prasanto Mondol
• Prof. Sakti Jana
• Eldon Siemens
• Jackie Bantle
Thank you

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Oral talk in 'CSHS-CSA Joint Conf. 2012'

  • 1. Drought stress in potato plants Pankaj Banik M.Sc. Student Supervisor: Prof. Karen Tanino
  • 2. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) • Herbaceous C3 plant, tetraploid, 48 Chromosomes • 3rd most important food crop grown in 150 countries Source: USDA National Nutrient Database
  • 3. Drought in potato plants • Stolon formation & tuberization – Most sensitive stage • Longer period in tuber formation • Decrease in tuber number, growth & yield Sensitive Even a short period Tuber production & quality
  • 4. Rationale • Lots of work in molecular biology • Little work –Whole plant physiology • History • Acclimation • Stress & Recovery –Western Canada – Short growing season
  • 5. Long-term goal To determine the key elements of potato drought stress resistance
  • 7.
  • 9. Stress & Recovery Survival score • 0 – vigorous growth • 1 – Green, 25% leaves wilted • 2 – Green, 50% leaves wilted • 3 – 75% leaves wilted, stem bent, lower leaves changed color • 4 – All leaves wilted, some dead, weak stem • 5 – Plant died Severe stress (scale 3) After recovery (scale 0)
  • 10. Measurements • Leaf WC • Stomatal aperture • Leaf water loss over 15 minutes • Leaf temperature • Leaflet water content • Flowering time • Stem diameter and plant height • Biomass • Trichome Number • Leaf cuticle layer • Yield
  • 11. Applying drought stress 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 9
  • 12. Contrasting Genotypes AAFC Potato breeding program, Lethbridge – Fv12246-6 – V1002-2 – Russet Burbank (RB)
  • 13. Hypotheses • Drought stress history of genotypes affects subsequent drought stress resistance • Drought acclimation and recovery are key components of resistance • Stomatal aperture parameters are associated with yield under drought stress conditions
  • 14. Experiment I (V1002) Generation 1 Generation 2 Generation 3 NA (Non Acclimated) NA-NA NA-NA-NA NA-DAS (Drought Acclimated & Stressed) NA-NA-DAS NA-NAS (Non Acclimated & Stressed) NA-NA-NAS DA (Drought Acclimated) DA-NA DA-DA-NA DA-DAS DA-DA-DAS DA-NAS DA-DA-NAS
  • 15. Yield (Stress history) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 NA-NA NA-DAS NA-NAS DA-NA DA-DAS DA-NAS Treatments MeanofYield C B D A B C D A 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 NA-NA NA-DAS NA-NAS DA-NA DA-DAS DA-NAS Treatments Tuber No. <5g 5-20g 20-50g 50-100g >100g
  • 16. Leaf water loss over 15 min 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Time (min) %waterloss NA-NA-NA NA-NA-DAS NA-DAS-NA NA-DAS-DAS DA-DAS-NA DA-DAS-DAS 2 * 1 2 1
  • 17. LWC at maximum stress 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 NA-NA-NA NA-NA-DAS NA-NA-NAS NA-DAS-NA NA-DAS-DAS NA-DAS-NAS DA-DAS-NA DA-DAS-DAS DA-DAS-NAS Treatments %leafwatercontent A A
  • 18. Experiment II Genotypes Treatments Codes Fv12 Non Acclimated (NA) Fv-NA DAS (Drought Acclimated & Stressed) Fv-DAS NAS (Non Acclimated & Stressed) Fv-NAS V1002 NA V-NA DAS V-DAS NAS V-NAS RB NA RB-NA DAS RB-DAS NAS RB-NAS
  • 19. Treatments Genotypes Leaf water content Acclimation Maximum stress NA > DAS *** NA > DAS > NAS * V > RB > Fv * V > RB > Fv *** Leaf water loss over 15 minutes Acclimation Recovery Overall *** Overall ***, NA > NAS *** V > Fv ***, V > RB *** Overall ***, V > RB *** Leaf Temperature during Stress Recovery NAS>NA***, NAS>DAS*, Overall: *, NA>DAS* RB > V *, RB > Fv * Overall:*, RB~V* Leaflet water content during recovery DAS > NAS * RB > V ***, RB > Fv *, Fv > V * Leaf Trichome No. Genotype – Treatments interaction: *** Shoot dry biomass Overall: ***, Fv > V ***, Fv > RB *** Plant height Oveall: ***, RB > Fv ***, RB > V *** Stem diameter Overall: ***, Fv > V ***, RB > V *** Stem Number Overall: ***, Fv > V ***, RB > V *** ***p<0.05, *p close to 0.05
  • 20. Leaf Cuticle layer NA-NA-NA (no stress history) DA-DAS-DAS (Stressed over 3 generations)
  • 21. Ongoing & future work WUE • Carbon isotope discrimination Stomatal aperture & density Stem water potential (Non destructive, real time LICOR-6400
  • 22. Acknowledgements • Prof. Karen Tanino • Dr. Helen Tai, Sustainable Agriculture Environment System (SAGES) • Prasanto Mondol • Prof. Sakti Jana • Eldon Siemens • Jackie Bantle