OpenWhisk supports actions written in JavaScript, Swift, Java and Python. In this talk, we explore the internals of OpenWhisk to learn how these actions are created, stored, and executed. We dive into the (internal) specification that makes supporting such a variety of runtimes feasible, and illustrate it by implementing, as a running example, support for a new language.
This material was first presented at the New York City Cloud Foundry Meetup http://www.meetup.com/nyc-cloud-foundry/events/231908970/
Supporting code is available from the branch https://github.com/psuter/openwhisk/tree/meetup-0721
The Serverless Paradigm, OpenWhisk and FIWAREAlex Glikson
Outline:
1. Overview of Serverless
2. OpenWhisk – open source ‘Serverless’ platform
3. Challenges of Serverless
4. Serverless and FIWARE
Alex Glikson
Cloud Platforms, IBM Research
Architect, FIWARE Cloud Hosting
OpenWhisk - A platform for cloud native, serverless, event driven appsDaniel Krook
Cloud computing has recently evolved to enable developers to write cloud native applications better, faster, and cheaper using serverless technology.
OpenWhisk provides an open source platform to enable cloud native, serverless, event driven applications.
This presentation lays out the technical and business drivers behind the rise of serverless architectures, and provides an intro to the OpenWhisk open source project.
Presented at Cloud Native Day in Toronto, Canada on August 25, 2016.
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Serverless Conference 2016, London, UK: The Future of ...OpenWhisk
Learn more about the IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk, a serverless event-driven compute platform, which quickly executes application logic in response to events or direct invocations from web/mobile apps or other endpoints.
Serverless architectures are one of the hottest trends in cloud computing this year, and for good reason. There are several technical capabilities and business factors coming together to make this approach compelling from both an application development and deployment cost perspective. The new OpenWhisk project provides an open source platform to enable these cloud-native, event-driven applications.
This talk will lay out the technical and business drivers behind the rise of serverless architectures, provide an introduction to the OpenWhisk open source project (and describe how it differs from other services like AWS Lambda), and give a demonstration showing how to start developing with this new cloud computing model using the OpenWhisk implementation available on IBM Bluemix.
Lightning talk and lab presented by IBM Cloud Software Engineer, Andrew Bodine.
Cloud Native Architectures with an Open Source, Event Driven, Serverless Plat...Daniel Krook
IBM keynote at CloudNativeCon / KubeCon in Seattle, Washington on November 8, 2016.
https://cnkc16.sched.org/event/8K4c
New cloud programming models enabled by serverless architectures are emerging, allowing developers to focus more sharply on creating their applications and less on managing their infrastructure. The OpenWhisk project started by IBM provides an open source platform to enable these cloud native, event driven applications.
Daniel Krook, Senior Software Engineer, IBM
The Serverless Paradigm, OpenWhisk and FIWAREAlex Glikson
Outline:
1. Overview of Serverless
2. OpenWhisk – open source ‘Serverless’ platform
3. Challenges of Serverless
4. Serverless and FIWARE
Alex Glikson
Cloud Platforms, IBM Research
Architect, FIWARE Cloud Hosting
OpenWhisk - A platform for cloud native, serverless, event driven appsDaniel Krook
Cloud computing has recently evolved to enable developers to write cloud native applications better, faster, and cheaper using serverless technology.
OpenWhisk provides an open source platform to enable cloud native, serverless, event driven applications.
This presentation lays out the technical and business drivers behind the rise of serverless architectures, and provides an intro to the OpenWhisk open source project.
Presented at Cloud Native Day in Toronto, Canada on August 25, 2016.
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Serverless Conference 2016, London, UK: The Future of ...OpenWhisk
Learn more about the IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk, a serverless event-driven compute platform, which quickly executes application logic in response to events or direct invocations from web/mobile apps or other endpoints.
Serverless architectures are one of the hottest trends in cloud computing this year, and for good reason. There are several technical capabilities and business factors coming together to make this approach compelling from both an application development and deployment cost perspective. The new OpenWhisk project provides an open source platform to enable these cloud-native, event-driven applications.
This talk will lay out the technical and business drivers behind the rise of serverless architectures, provide an introduction to the OpenWhisk open source project (and describe how it differs from other services like AWS Lambda), and give a demonstration showing how to start developing with this new cloud computing model using the OpenWhisk implementation available on IBM Bluemix.
Lightning talk and lab presented by IBM Cloud Software Engineer, Andrew Bodine.
Cloud Native Architectures with an Open Source, Event Driven, Serverless Plat...Daniel Krook
IBM keynote at CloudNativeCon / KubeCon in Seattle, Washington on November 8, 2016.
https://cnkc16.sched.org/event/8K4c
New cloud programming models enabled by serverless architectures are emerging, allowing developers to focus more sharply on creating their applications and less on managing their infrastructure. The OpenWhisk project started by IBM provides an open source platform to enable these cloud native, event driven applications.
Daniel Krook, Senior Software Engineer, IBM
Serverless architectures are one of the hottest trends in cloud computing this year, and for good reason. There are several technical capabilities and business factors coming together to make this approach compelling from both an application development and deployment cost perspective. The new OpenWhisk project provides an open source platform to enable these cloud-native, event-driven applications.
This talk will lay out the technical and business drivers behind the rise of serverless architectures, provide an introduction to the OpenWhisk open source project (and describe how it differs from other services like AWS Lambda), and give a demonstration showing how to start developing with this new cloud computing model using the OpenWhisk implementation available on IBM Bluemix.
Presented on October 12, 2016 at the NYC Bluemix meetup
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Interconnect 2016, Las Vegas: CCD-1088: The Future of ...OpenWhisk
Learn more about the IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk, a serverless event-driven compute platform, which quickly executes application logic in response to events or direct invocations from web/mobile apps or other endpoints.
Build a cloud native app with OpenWhiskDaniel Krook
IBM OpenWhisk presentation and demo for developerWorks TV on December 14, 2016.
https://developer.ibm.com/tv/build-a-cloud-native-app-with-apache-openwhisk/
New cloud programming models enabled by serverless architectures are emerging, allowing developers to focus more sharply on creating their applications and less on managing their infrastructure. The OpenWhisk project started by IBM provides an open source platform to enable these cloud native, event driven applications.
At this live coding event, Daniel Krook provide an overview of serverless architectures, introduce the OpenWhisk programming model, and then deploy an OpenWhisk application on IBM Bluemix, while you watch, step-by-step.
Daniel Krook, Senior Software Engineer, IBM
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Cloud Foundry Summit 2016, Frankfurt, Germany: The Fut...OpenWhisk
Learn more about the IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk, a serverless event-driven compute platform, which quickly executes application logic in response to events or direct invocations from web/mobile apps or other endpoints.
Building serverless applications with Apache OpenWhisk and IBM Cloud FunctionsDaniel Krook
Presentation at Functions17 in Toronto, Canada on August 25, 2017.
https://functions.world
Video, code, links: https://github.com/krook/functions17
Apache OpenWhisk on IBM Bluemix provides a powerful and flexible environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and API call events. Daniel Krook explains why serverless architectures are attractive for many emerging cloud workloads and when you should consider OpenWhisk for your next project. Daniel then shows you how to get started with OpenWhisk on IBM Cloud Functions right away, using several samples on GitHub.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect & Developer Advocate, IBM
How to build a Distributed Serverless Polyglot Microservices IoT Platform us...Animesh Singh
When people aren't talking about VMs and containers, they're talking about serverless architecture. Serverless is about no maintenance. It means you are not worried about low-level infrastructural and operational details. An event-driven serverless platform is a great use case for IoT.
In this session at @ThingsExpo, Animesh Singh, an STSM and Lead for IBM Cloud Platform and Infrastructure, detailed how to build a distributed serverless, polyglot, microservices framework using open source technologies like:
OpenWhisk: Open source distributed compute service to execute application logic in response to events
Docker: To run event driven actions 6. Ansible and BOSH: to deploy the serverless platform
MQTT: Messaging protocol for IoT
Node-RED: Tool to wire IoT together
Consul: Tool for service discovery and configuration. Consul is distributed, highly available, and extremely scalable.
Kafka: A high-throughput distributed messaging system.
StatsD/ELK/Graphite: For statistics, monitoring and logging
Serverless in production (O'Reilly Software Architecture)Yan Cui
AWS Lambda has changed the way we deploy and run software, but the serverless paradigm has created new challenges to old problems: How do you test a cloud-hosted function locally? How do you monitor them? What about logging and config management? And how do we start migrating from existing architectures?
Yan Cui shares solutions to these challenges, drawing on his experience running Lambda in production and migrating from an existing monolithic architecture.
Containers vs serverless - Navigating application deployment optionsDaniel Krook
IBM presentation at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention Container Day in Austin, Texas on May 9, 2017.
https://conferences.oreilly.com/oscon/oscon-tx/public/schedule/detail/61403
New technologies seem to arrive fast and furious these days. We were just getting used to our new container world when serverless arrived. But is it better, faster, and cheaper, as the hype suggests?
Daniel Krook explores a real application packaged using popular open source container technology and walks you through a migration to an event-oriented serverless paradigm, discussing the trade-offs and pros and cons of each approach to application deployment and examining when serverless benefit applications and when it doesn’t.
You’ll learn considerations for using serverless API frameworks and how to reuse some of your containerization strategy as you move from more traditional application models to an event-driven world.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect, IBM
Serverless architectures built on an open source platformDaniel Krook
IBM keynote at the O'Reilly Software Architecture Conference in New York City on April 5, 2017.
https://conferences.oreilly.com/software-architecture/sa-ny/public/schedule/detail/60432
Daniel Krook explores Apache OpenWhisk on IBM Bluemix, which provides a powerful and flexible environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and API call events.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect, IBM
Materials for the Serverless APIs with Apache OpenWhisk session at OSCON on July 19, 2018
https://conferences.oreilly.com/oscon/oscon-or/public/schedule/detail/67393
Ever been frustrated with a conference schedule app that freezes up when everyone opens it right after the first day’s keynotes? Ever played a mobile game that was so popular that its backend couldn’t keep up with real-time multiplayer interaction? If you’re an app developer, chances are that you’re looking for a better mobile backend architecture that can effectively match user demand at the exact moment it’s needed while taking advantage of new per-request cost models promised by serverless technologies.
The Apache OpenWhisk project (supported by IBM, Adobe, Red Hat, and others) provides a polyglot, autoscaling environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and REST API call events. Daniel Krook explains why serverless architectures are great for cloud workloads and when to consider OpenWhisk in particular for your next web, mobile, IoT, bot, or analytics project.
Building serverless applications with Apache OpenWhiskDaniel Krook
IBM presentation at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention in Austin, Texas on May 10, 2017.
https://conferences.oreilly.com/oscon/oscon-tx/public/schedule/detail/61295
Apache OpenWhisk on IBM Bluemix provides a powerful and flexible environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and API call events. Daniel Krook explains why serverless architectures are attractive for many emerging cloud workloads and when you should consider OpenWhisk for your next project. Daniel then shows you how to get started with OpenWhisk on Bluemix right away, using several samples on GitHub.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect, IBM
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Serverless Conference 2017, Austin, USA: The journey c...OpenWhisk
OpenWhisk is an open-source serverless platform ideally suited to a wide range of scenarios including cognitive, data, IoT, microservices, and mobile workloads. Since we presented OpenWhisk at ServerlessConf London a lot has happened. It has been successfully accepted as an Apache Incubator project and the first production OpenWhisk deployments have happened. From a technical point of view we have added capabilities like a better API Gateway integration and support for web actions, have added integrations with IBM App Connect, IBM Message Hub, and more. During this talk we will discuss our latest additions and illustrate how to benefit by “going” serverless with OpenWhisk by exploring some real-world customer usecases with a focus on how serverless architectures can be exploited in totally different scenarios. Using these usecases we will explain how OpenWhisk works and why it is the ideally platform for these emerging workloads. After the talk we will be looking forward to discussing your own usecases in more detail at our booth.
DevNexus 2015
Docker: containerizing a monolithic app into a microservice-based PaaS
Convert a monolithic application into a microservice-based PaaS using Docker and related, containerization technologies. This will be the third presentation of a series of presentations that began greater than one year ago to evangelize the benefits of Docker. The scope of content spans from a development environment to a hybrid PaaS, and how Containerization is an enabler of architectural choice, innovation, scalability, and polyglot solutions.
The basics of Docker will be examined including repositories, brief discussion about managing and monitoring Docker containers, service discovery, and security. New and emerging technologies will be a constant theme, particularly about microservices, in addition to the ongoing evolution of the market and what the future may bring. Common organizational issues (and tactical solutions) that may impede successful decomposition and migration of legacy monoliths will be discussed, including security, DevOps and refactoring.
Hypothetical architectures will be described for building progressively more robust and complex applications and deployment models. The goal is to highlight the power, flexibility and scalability that containers enable.
Examples will start simple, from a local development environment, that is a simple two container setup that encapsulate a database and application tier. Subsequent discussion will involve progressively more complex and robust deployments that include features such as service discovery, automatic load balancing, and abstractions to simplify linking of containers including service gateways. With the stopping point of a hybrid PaaS.
ADDO 2020: "The past, present, and future of cloud native API gateways"Daniel Bryant
An API gateway is at the core of how APIs are managed, secured, and presented within any web-based system. Although the technology has been in use for many years, it has not always kept pace with recent developments within the cloud native space, and many engineers are confused about how a cloud native API gateway relates to Kubernetes Ingress or a Service load balancer.
Join this session to learn about:
The evolution of API gateways over the past ten years, and how the original problems they were solving have shifted in relation to cloud native technologies and workflow
Current challenges of using an API gateway within Kubernetes: scaling the developer workflow; and supporting multiple architecture styles and protocols
Strategies for exposing Kubernetes services and APIs at the edge of your system
A brief guide to the (potential) future of cloud native API gateways
By,
Sajith Ainikkal
In this brief talk I will touch up on how Pivotal & CloudFoundry Foundation driving a Cloud Agnostic Platform based approach towards building modern cloud native applications without worrying about the hassles of 'Day 2' issues of managing VM and Container clusters and its adoption across enterprise segments. I will also talk about few of the latest stuff in the market including the developments in BOSH, Open Service Broker APIs initiative and OCI (Open Container Initiative). Today Cloud Foundry Garden and Docker are two implementations of OCI and Garden containers can run a Cloud Foundry / Docker /Windows container image.
ContainerDays NYC 2016: "OpenWhisk: A Serverless Computing Platform" (Rodric ...DynamicInfraDays
Slides from Rodric Rabbah & Philippe Suter's talk "OpenWhisk: A Serverless Computing Platform" at ContainerDays NYC 2016: dynamicinfradays.org/events/2016-nyc/programme.html#openwhisk
Serverless architectures are one of the hottest trends in cloud computing this year, and for good reason. There are several technical capabilities and business factors coming together to make this approach compelling from both an application development and deployment cost perspective. The new OpenWhisk project provides an open source platform to enable these cloud-native, event-driven applications.
This talk will lay out the technical and business drivers behind the rise of serverless architectures, provide an introduction to the OpenWhisk open source project (and describe how it differs from other services like AWS Lambda), and give a demonstration showing how to start developing with this new cloud computing model using the OpenWhisk implementation available on IBM Bluemix.
Presented on October 12, 2016 at the NYC Bluemix meetup
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Interconnect 2016, Las Vegas: CCD-1088: The Future of ...OpenWhisk
Learn more about the IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk, a serverless event-driven compute platform, which quickly executes application logic in response to events or direct invocations from web/mobile apps or other endpoints.
Build a cloud native app with OpenWhiskDaniel Krook
IBM OpenWhisk presentation and demo for developerWorks TV on December 14, 2016.
https://developer.ibm.com/tv/build-a-cloud-native-app-with-apache-openwhisk/
New cloud programming models enabled by serverless architectures are emerging, allowing developers to focus more sharply on creating their applications and less on managing their infrastructure. The OpenWhisk project started by IBM provides an open source platform to enable these cloud native, event driven applications.
At this live coding event, Daniel Krook provide an overview of serverless architectures, introduce the OpenWhisk programming model, and then deploy an OpenWhisk application on IBM Bluemix, while you watch, step-by-step.
Daniel Krook, Senior Software Engineer, IBM
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Cloud Foundry Summit 2016, Frankfurt, Germany: The Fut...OpenWhisk
Learn more about the IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk, a serverless event-driven compute platform, which quickly executes application logic in response to events or direct invocations from web/mobile apps or other endpoints.
Building serverless applications with Apache OpenWhisk and IBM Cloud FunctionsDaniel Krook
Presentation at Functions17 in Toronto, Canada on August 25, 2017.
https://functions.world
Video, code, links: https://github.com/krook/functions17
Apache OpenWhisk on IBM Bluemix provides a powerful and flexible environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and API call events. Daniel Krook explains why serverless architectures are attractive for many emerging cloud workloads and when you should consider OpenWhisk for your next project. Daniel then shows you how to get started with OpenWhisk on IBM Cloud Functions right away, using several samples on GitHub.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect & Developer Advocate, IBM
How to build a Distributed Serverless Polyglot Microservices IoT Platform us...Animesh Singh
When people aren't talking about VMs and containers, they're talking about serverless architecture. Serverless is about no maintenance. It means you are not worried about low-level infrastructural and operational details. An event-driven serverless platform is a great use case for IoT.
In this session at @ThingsExpo, Animesh Singh, an STSM and Lead for IBM Cloud Platform and Infrastructure, detailed how to build a distributed serverless, polyglot, microservices framework using open source technologies like:
OpenWhisk: Open source distributed compute service to execute application logic in response to events
Docker: To run event driven actions 6. Ansible and BOSH: to deploy the serverless platform
MQTT: Messaging protocol for IoT
Node-RED: Tool to wire IoT together
Consul: Tool for service discovery and configuration. Consul is distributed, highly available, and extremely scalable.
Kafka: A high-throughput distributed messaging system.
StatsD/ELK/Graphite: For statistics, monitoring and logging
Serverless in production (O'Reilly Software Architecture)Yan Cui
AWS Lambda has changed the way we deploy and run software, but the serverless paradigm has created new challenges to old problems: How do you test a cloud-hosted function locally? How do you monitor them? What about logging and config management? And how do we start migrating from existing architectures?
Yan Cui shares solutions to these challenges, drawing on his experience running Lambda in production and migrating from an existing monolithic architecture.
Containers vs serverless - Navigating application deployment optionsDaniel Krook
IBM presentation at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention Container Day in Austin, Texas on May 9, 2017.
https://conferences.oreilly.com/oscon/oscon-tx/public/schedule/detail/61403
New technologies seem to arrive fast and furious these days. We were just getting used to our new container world when serverless arrived. But is it better, faster, and cheaper, as the hype suggests?
Daniel Krook explores a real application packaged using popular open source container technology and walks you through a migration to an event-oriented serverless paradigm, discussing the trade-offs and pros and cons of each approach to application deployment and examining when serverless benefit applications and when it doesn’t.
You’ll learn considerations for using serverless API frameworks and how to reuse some of your containerization strategy as you move from more traditional application models to an event-driven world.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect, IBM
Serverless architectures built on an open source platformDaniel Krook
IBM keynote at the O'Reilly Software Architecture Conference in New York City on April 5, 2017.
https://conferences.oreilly.com/software-architecture/sa-ny/public/schedule/detail/60432
Daniel Krook explores Apache OpenWhisk on IBM Bluemix, which provides a powerful and flexible environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and API call events.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect, IBM
Materials for the Serverless APIs with Apache OpenWhisk session at OSCON on July 19, 2018
https://conferences.oreilly.com/oscon/oscon-or/public/schedule/detail/67393
Ever been frustrated with a conference schedule app that freezes up when everyone opens it right after the first day’s keynotes? Ever played a mobile game that was so popular that its backend couldn’t keep up with real-time multiplayer interaction? If you’re an app developer, chances are that you’re looking for a better mobile backend architecture that can effectively match user demand at the exact moment it’s needed while taking advantage of new per-request cost models promised by serverless technologies.
The Apache OpenWhisk project (supported by IBM, Adobe, Red Hat, and others) provides a polyglot, autoscaling environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and REST API call events. Daniel Krook explains why serverless architectures are great for cloud workloads and when to consider OpenWhisk in particular for your next web, mobile, IoT, bot, or analytics project.
Building serverless applications with Apache OpenWhiskDaniel Krook
IBM presentation at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention in Austin, Texas on May 10, 2017.
https://conferences.oreilly.com/oscon/oscon-tx/public/schedule/detail/61295
Apache OpenWhisk on IBM Bluemix provides a powerful and flexible environment for deploying cloud-native applications driven by data, message, and API call events. Daniel Krook explains why serverless architectures are attractive for many emerging cloud workloads and when you should consider OpenWhisk for your next project. Daniel then shows you how to get started with OpenWhisk on Bluemix right away, using several samples on GitHub.
Daniel Krook, Software Architect, IBM
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk: Serverless Conference 2017, Austin, USA: The journey c...OpenWhisk
OpenWhisk is an open-source serverless platform ideally suited to a wide range of scenarios including cognitive, data, IoT, microservices, and mobile workloads. Since we presented OpenWhisk at ServerlessConf London a lot has happened. It has been successfully accepted as an Apache Incubator project and the first production OpenWhisk deployments have happened. From a technical point of view we have added capabilities like a better API Gateway integration and support for web actions, have added integrations with IBM App Connect, IBM Message Hub, and more. During this talk we will discuss our latest additions and illustrate how to benefit by “going” serverless with OpenWhisk by exploring some real-world customer usecases with a focus on how serverless architectures can be exploited in totally different scenarios. Using these usecases we will explain how OpenWhisk works and why it is the ideally platform for these emerging workloads. After the talk we will be looking forward to discussing your own usecases in more detail at our booth.
DevNexus 2015
Docker: containerizing a monolithic app into a microservice-based PaaS
Convert a monolithic application into a microservice-based PaaS using Docker and related, containerization technologies. This will be the third presentation of a series of presentations that began greater than one year ago to evangelize the benefits of Docker. The scope of content spans from a development environment to a hybrid PaaS, and how Containerization is an enabler of architectural choice, innovation, scalability, and polyglot solutions.
The basics of Docker will be examined including repositories, brief discussion about managing and monitoring Docker containers, service discovery, and security. New and emerging technologies will be a constant theme, particularly about microservices, in addition to the ongoing evolution of the market and what the future may bring. Common organizational issues (and tactical solutions) that may impede successful decomposition and migration of legacy monoliths will be discussed, including security, DevOps and refactoring.
Hypothetical architectures will be described for building progressively more robust and complex applications and deployment models. The goal is to highlight the power, flexibility and scalability that containers enable.
Examples will start simple, from a local development environment, that is a simple two container setup that encapsulate a database and application tier. Subsequent discussion will involve progressively more complex and robust deployments that include features such as service discovery, automatic load balancing, and abstractions to simplify linking of containers including service gateways. With the stopping point of a hybrid PaaS.
ADDO 2020: "The past, present, and future of cloud native API gateways"Daniel Bryant
An API gateway is at the core of how APIs are managed, secured, and presented within any web-based system. Although the technology has been in use for many years, it has not always kept pace with recent developments within the cloud native space, and many engineers are confused about how a cloud native API gateway relates to Kubernetes Ingress or a Service load balancer.
Join this session to learn about:
The evolution of API gateways over the past ten years, and how the original problems they were solving have shifted in relation to cloud native technologies and workflow
Current challenges of using an API gateway within Kubernetes: scaling the developer workflow; and supporting multiple architecture styles and protocols
Strategies for exposing Kubernetes services and APIs at the edge of your system
A brief guide to the (potential) future of cloud native API gateways
By,
Sajith Ainikkal
In this brief talk I will touch up on how Pivotal & CloudFoundry Foundation driving a Cloud Agnostic Platform based approach towards building modern cloud native applications without worrying about the hassles of 'Day 2' issues of managing VM and Container clusters and its adoption across enterprise segments. I will also talk about few of the latest stuff in the market including the developments in BOSH, Open Service Broker APIs initiative and OCI (Open Container Initiative). Today Cloud Foundry Garden and Docker are two implementations of OCI and Garden containers can run a Cloud Foundry / Docker /Windows container image.
ContainerDays NYC 2016: "OpenWhisk: A Serverless Computing Platform" (Rodric ...DynamicInfraDays
Slides from Rodric Rabbah & Philippe Suter's talk "OpenWhisk: A Serverless Computing Platform" at ContainerDays NYC 2016: dynamicinfradays.org/events/2016-nyc/programme.html#openwhisk
The tutorial is for navy to Bluemix Openwhisk. I will show you:
1. How to trigger action when Cloudant data changed.
2. Trigger action with curl.
3. Generate trigger event with Node-RED.
Todas las semanas en Saucépolis publicamos un resumen con algunos de los acontecimientos de interés cultural, de ocio o turístico que más pueden interesar a los zaragozanos y a la gente que nos visita: es nuestra gaceta a la que llamamos "Saucépolis News". Este es un breve resumen de los acontecimientos turísticos y de ocio en Zaragoza esta semana:Glengarry Glenn Ross en el Principal
Adaptación de la obra tetral de David Mamet, premio Pullitzer y candidato al Oscar, que en su versión cinematogràfica protagonizaron con Al Pacino, Jack Lemon y Kevin Spacey. Una empresa inmobiliaria decide fomentar la competitividad de sus empleados premiando al mejor vendedor con un Cadillac y despidiendo al peor de ellos. Llega a Zaragoza con un televisivo reparto encabezado por Carlos Hipólito y Gonzalo de Castro.
Teatro Principal
Jueves 15 21:00 Horas
Viernes 16 22:00 Horas
Sabado 17 19:00 y 22:00 Horas
Domingo 18 19:00 Horas
Horarios de interés
Basílica de
El Pilar
6:45-21:30
Todos los días
La Seo
Lunes cerrado
Sabado 10:00-12:30
15:00-18:00
Domingo 10:00-11:30
Resto de días 9:00-13:30
16:00-18:30
Museos arqueológicos
Lunes cerrado
Domingos 10:00-13:30
Resto de días 10:00-20:30
Aljafería
10:00-20:30
Todos los días
Domingos entrada gratuita
II Festival Gastronómico de Zaragoza
Tras el éxito de la primera edición, Horeca Restaurantes organiza con el patrocinio de la Consejería de Turismo este encuentro que recoge la riqueza del patrimonio gastronómico local. Concursos de recetas, celebraciones temáticas, entregas de premios, actuaciones, sorteos y degustaciones populares con la participación de algunos de los mejores restaurantes, vinos y cervezas de la ciudad.
Sala multiusos del Auditorio de Zaragoza
Del 16 al 18 de Abril
Juegos y deportes tradicionales
Interesante muestra de artículos que nos invita a un recorrido por el ocio y los deportes tradicionales en el ámbito europeo con especial atención a los deportes aragoneses. Divididos por familias, veremos juegos infantiles, de puntería, de lucha, de pelota, de bolos o con animales. Piezas que abarcan desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta nuestros días nos permiten intuir el origen de los deportes modernos.
Centro de historia de Zaragoza
10 a 14, y de 17 a 21 Festivos por la tarde y Lunes cerrado
Shuarma en La Casa Del Loco
Presentando su segundo album en un regreso al concepto primitivo y urgente del Rock, este artista independiente barcelonés actuará en esta sala vecina de Saucepolis.
La Casa Del Loco
16 Abril 21:30 Horas
SME2: Social Media Excellence x Social Media ExpertiseRichard Binhammer
Understanding the required skill levels across areas of expertise and business functions becomes a critical factor for driving effective social media programs that are efficient and deliver business value across an enterprise or within an agency. SME2 is the first-of-its-kind consultancy helping social media teams optimize skills, tools, processes and relationships to drive better business results.
IBM Rational Host Access Transformation Services (HATS) can dynamically transform your terminal-based applications into rich web pages. It is highly customizable and built on Java EE technology. We'll discuss some lessons learned from a very (very) complex HATS engagement. We'll discuss proper development strategies, and how to distribute workload across team members. We'll introduce a novel approach to unit testing advanced customizations using JUnit, and will also talk about how to address functional testing.
How to Containerize WebSphere Application Server Traditional, and Why You Mig...David Currie
Presentation from IBM InterConnect 2017.
Abstract: Containers are a great fit for cloud native application architectures, but that's not the only use case. In this session, we'll explore the benefits that containerization can bring to existing applications running on WebSphere Application Server traditional, whether base or Network Deployment, and how to go about doing it.
Saving Time And Effort With QuickBase Api - Sergio HaroQuickBase, Inc.
Ever wish you could enter pages of data into QuickBase without lifting a finger? How about aggregating data from an external source but you don't want to set up your own SQL server and build your own reporting tools? Learn to rise above the native QuickBase interface and explore the vast and powerful capabilities QuickBase provides through its API's. It's time to get started with the QuickBase API and build your first tool/script/app.
In this talk I give an overview of IBM's efforts to create a VM-agnostic toolkit of runtime components from the mature J9 Java Virtual Machine (JVM). I provide a summary of the motivations behind this project, talk about some important proof points with CPython and Ruby MRI, describe the motivations behind an open community for this technology, and discuss the many challenges with creating a runtime agnostic Just In Time compiler from the Testarossa Java JIT.
WebSphere Technical University: Introduction to the Java Diagnostic ToolsChris Bailey
IBM provides a number of free tools to assist in monitoring and diagnosing issues when running
any Java application - from Hello World to IBM or third-party, middleware-based applications. This
session introduces attendees to those tools, highlights how they have been extended with IBM
middleware product knowledge, how they have been integrated into IBM’s development tools,
and how to use them to investigate and resolve real-world problem scenarios
Presented at the WebSphere Technical University 2014, Dusseldorf
IBM Connect 2014 - AD205: Creating State-of-the-Art Web Applications with Dom...Dave Delay
By clearly separating IBM Domino data from the web page, Domino REST services can open the door to a new world of interactive web applications. Learn about emerging web standards, including Web Components, that reflect new paradigms and help you create more interactive web applications. Find out what's new in Domino REST services and see examples of state-of-the-art applications that combine emerging web standards and REST.
JMP103 : Extending Your Application Arsenal With OpenSocial
Yun Zhi Lin, IBM China Investment Company Limited; Ryan Baxter, IBM
OpenSocial. You have heard the hype, maybe you have even seen the demos, but what is all the fuss about? This is your chance to get all your questions answered. In this session we’ll not only teach you about OpenSocial and how IBM is using it to enable exciting new features in IBM Notes and Domino Social Edition, IBM Connections, and IBM Connections Mail, but how you can use it to enhance your applications. You’ll walk away from this session armed with the knowledge to build compelling social apps and all the code you need to get started!
Sun, 26/Jan 08:00 AM – 10:00 AM
JMP103 : Extending Your App Arsenal With OpenSocialRyan Baxter
OpenSocial: You have heard the hype, maybe you have even seen the demos, but what is all the fuss about? This is your chance to get all your questions answered. In this session we will not only teach you about OpenSocial and how IBM is using it to enable exciting new features in Notes and Domino Social Edition, IBM Connections, and IBM Connections Mail, but how you can use it to enhance YOUR applications. You will walk away from this session armed with the knowledge to build compelling social apps and all the code you need to get started!
Tutorial 1: Your First Science App - Araport Developer WorkshopVivek Krishnakumar
Slide deck pertaining to Tutorial 1 of the Araport Developer Workshop conducted at TACC, Austin TX on November 5, 2014.
Presented by Vivek Krishnakumar
Everything you need to know about creating, managing and debugging Java applications on IBM Bluemix. This presentation covers the features the IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty Buildpack provides to make Java development on the cloud easier. It also covers the Eclipse tooling support including remote debugging, incremental update, etc.
Big Data: Getting off to a fast start with Big SQL (World of Watson 2016 sess...Cynthia Saracco
Got Big Data? Then check out what Big SQL can do for you . . . . Learn how IBM's industry-standard SQL interface enables you to leverage your existing SQL skills to query, analyze, and manipulate data managed in an Apache Hadoop environment on cloud or on premise. This quick technical tour is filled with practical examples designed to get you started working with Big SQL in no time. Specifically, you'll learn how to create Big SQL tables over Hadoop data in HDFS, Hive, or HBase; populate Big SQL tables with data from HDFS, a remote file system, or a remote RDBMS; execute simple and complex Big SQL queries; work with non-traditional data formats and more. These charts are for session ALB-3663 at the IBM World of Watson 2016 conference.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
OpenWhisk Deep Dive: the action container model
1. OpenWhisk Deep
Dive
The
action
container
model
Philippe
Suter
OpenWhisk Meetup,
July
21st,
NYC
@psuter
2. Please
Note
• IBM’s statements regarding its plans, directions, and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice at IBM’s sole discretion.
• Information regarding potential future products is intended to outline our general product direction and it should not be relied on in
making a purchasing decision.
• The information mentioned regarding potential future products is not a commitment, promise, or legal obligation to deliver any
material, code or functionality. Information about potential future products may not be incorporated into any contract.
• The development, release, and timing of any future features or functionality described for our products remains at our sole discretion.
• Performance is based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual
throughput or performance that any user will experience will vary depending upon many factors, including considerations such as the
amount of multiprogramming in the user’s job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed.
Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here.
3. On
the
menu
tonight
1. “What
happens
when
I
create
and
invoke
actions?”
• Action
containers
• Lifecycle
• (Internal)
action
API
2. Hands-‐on!
Adding
new
language
support
to
OpenWhisk.
• (in
addition
to
JavaScript,
Swift,
Java,
Python,
Docker containers)
4. OpenWhisk Core
– System
Architecture
4
Edge
Proxy
Log
Forwarder
UI
Consul
Registrator
Log Forwarder
EntitlementController
Slave
ESlave
Execution
Engine
E
Registrator
Log Forwarder
Invoker Executor
Executor
Executor
Master
7. Action
invocation
(blocking)
Controller Invoker
DB
/$
POST /api/v1/…/hello
{ “name”: “…” }
OK
{ “greeting”: … }
Invoke: user:hello
Params: { “name”: “…” }
GET OK
{ … “exec”: “…” }
• Locate
or
initialize
container
for
action
• Run
container
with
input
parameters
PUT
{ “greeting” : “hello” }
Result: { “greeting”: … }
/$ wsk -‐v action invoke –b hello-‐js -‐p ...
8. Action
invocation
(non-‐blocking)
Controller Invoker
DB
/$
POST /api/v1/…/hello
{ “name”: “…” }
OK
Invoke: user:hello
Params: { “name”: “…” }
GET OK
{ … “exec”: “…” }
• Locate
or
initialize
container
for
action
• Run
container
with
input
parameters
PUT
{ “greeting” : “hello” }
/$ wsk -‐v action invoke hello-‐js -‐p ...
9. Action
containers
input
(JSON
object) output
(JSON
object)
stdout(strings)
stderr(strings)
Function
Action
container
• Host
user-‐written
function
• Maintain
the
illusion
that
“action
≈
function”
• Provide
a
simple
REST
API
to:
• Initialize
the
container
• Run
the
function
10. Action
container
lifecycle
docker run POST /init
POST /run
(Additionally:
docker unpause /
docker pause before
/
after
each
POST.)
docker rm
11. Action
container
API
POST /init POST /run
Input
{
“value” : {
“name” : “action-‐name”,
“code” : “function main …”
“main” : “main”
}
}
OK
(status code
should
be
200,
output
is
ignored)
Output
{
“value” : {
“name” : ”Mike”,
...
}
}
{
“greeting” : “hello...”,
...
}
Not
publicly
documented,
may
and
will
change
without
notice.
12. Action
containers
implementation
overview
HTTP
proxy JSON /init /run
Node.js Express Native
eval(…) script, keep
function
object
in
memory.
Function
invocation.
Swift Flask
(Python)
Implicit:
Foundation
(NSJSONSerialization)
Compile
script,
store
binary.
Run binary
with
subprocess.
Java
com.sun.net.httpserver.
HttpServer
Explicit:
Google
GSON
Dynamic
classloading,
reflection
to
get
handle
to
main.
Reflective invoke.
Python Flask Implicit:
stdlib
(import json)
Store
script
in
memory.
Evaluatescript
with
exec(…).
13. Hands
on!
• Let’s
add
support
for
PHP
to
OpenWhisk.
• Steps:
1. Build
a
PHP
action
container
2. Unit-‐test
the
action
container
3. Add
CLI
support
for
PHP
action
creation
4. Add
internal
representation
of
PHP
actions
5. Add
invoker
support
14. Carpe
Diem
• OpenWhisk evolves:
these
slides
may
be
outdated
at
any
time
• Works
as
of
28fd62a3 (07/21/2016,
10am
Eastern)
• All code
is
available at:
• https://github.com/psuter/openwhiskbranch meetup-‐0721
15. Action
containers
overview
HTTP
proxy JSON /init /run
Node.js Express Native
eval(…) script, keep
function
object
in
memory.
Function
invocation.
Swift Flask
(Python)
Implicit:
Foundation
(NSJSONSerialization)
Compile
script,
store
binary.
Run binary
with
subprocess.
Java
com.sun.net.httpserver.
HttpServer
Explicit:
Google
GSON
Dynamic
classloading,
reflection
to
get
handle
to
main.
Reflective invoke.
Python Flask Implicit:
stdlib
(import json)
Store
script
in
memory.
Evaluatescript
with
exec(…).
PHP
Built-‐in
web
server
(php –S …)
Implicit:
stdlib
(json_decode/json_encode)
Store
script
in file.
Evaluate
script
with
eval(…).
19. CLI
support
• Auto-‐detect
action
kind
based
on
file
extension
• Same
technique
as
for
JavaScript,
Swift,
Python
20. Controller
&
invoker
changes
• Support
php kind
in
whisk.core.entity.Exec
• Internal
Scala
representation
+
JSON
(de)serialization
for
REST
API
and
DB
• Lets
the
controller
accept
PHP
action
creations
• Lets
the
invoker
accept
PHP
action
invocation
requests
• Add
PHP
case
in
whisk.core.entity.WhiskAction
• Tells
the
invoker
how
to
craft
the
/init payload
for
PHP
actions.
24. Notices
and
Disclaimers
Continued
Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other publicly available sources. IBM has not
tested those products in connection with this publication and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products.
Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. IBM does not warrant the quality of any third-party products, or the
ability of any such third-party products to interoperate with IBM’s products. IBM EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The provision of the information contained h erein is not intended to, and does not, grant any right or license under any IBM patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual
property right.
IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, Aspera®, Bluemix, Blueworks Live, CICS, Clearcase, Cognos®, DOORS®, Emptoris®, Enterprise Document Management System™, FASP®,
FileNet®, Global Business Services ®, Global Technology Services ®, IBM ExperienceOne™, IBM SmartCloud®, IBM Social Business®, Information on Demand, ILOG,
Maximo®, MQIntegrator®, MQSeries®, Netcool®, OMEGAMON, OpenPower, PureAnalytics™, PureApplication®, pureCluster™, PureCoverage®, PureData®,
PureExperience®, PureFlex®, pureQuery®, pureScale®, PureSystems®, QRadar®, Rational®, Rhapsody®, Smarter Commerce®, SoDA, SPSS, Sterling Commerce®,
StoredIQ, Tealeaf®, Tivoli®, Trusteer®, Unica®, urban{code}®, Watson, WebSphere®, Worklight®, X-Force® and System z® Z/OS, are trademarks of International Business
Machines Corporation, registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM
trademarks is available on the Web at "Copyright and trademark information" at: www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml.