The document discusses open science and how it has changed research practices. It defines open science as making research data, notes, and processes openly available for collaboration and reuse. It outlines benefits like increasing quality, impact and innovation. Barriers like publishing costs are mentioned. The document recommends openly licensing data and publications, using open peer review and platforms, and sharing materials like code and presentations. Proper data management is important for openness, reproducibility and ensuring research integrity.

1. Open Science Process
Open Science Course, University of Jyväskylä 14.11.2016
Jessica Parland-von Essen
License: Ministry of Education and Culture, CC BY 4.0

2. Changes in culture and society
 Authority
 Economic
 Political

3. Changes in Communication
 Media Convergence
 Publish first, filter then
 Amount
 Sustainability
By me (mine) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

4. Publishing
 Digitization has driven prices up
 In Finland 51% of costs in Soc&Hum-journals
go to the five big international publishers
 Total cost over last 5 years 60 million euros

6. Open Science & Open Access
 Copyright in Finland applied to all works
 No one can make copies or develop a work
unless it’s licensed by all copyright holders
 Licensing can be used to give different rights
 For research data CC0 and CC-BY 4.0 are
recommended in Finland
 The more you give the further you reach

7. Open Science
Open Science is the practice of science in such a way that
others can collaborate and contribute, where research data,
lab notes and other research processes are freely available,
under terms that enable reuse, redistribution and reproduction
of the research and its underlying data and methods.
FOSTER
https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/foster-taxonomy/open-science-definition

8. What are the societal benefits of open access to
research publications and other results?
 Increasing the quality of science
 Developing new ways for collaboration
 Increasing impact of science
 Increasing the innovation capacity
 Supporting life-long learning
 Ensuring trust in science and research
 Developing citizen science

9. What are the benefits for the researcher?
 Better impact and visibility
 Complying to funders and employers policies
 Stronger networks
 More efficient work
 Future access to own materials
 Better and more sustainable science

10. Kramer, Bianca; Bosman,
Jeroen (2015):
101 Innovations in Scholarly
Communication
- the Changing Research
Workflow. figshare.
http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.
figshare.1286826
Retrieved 20:05, May 25, 2015
(GMT)
Modern Academic Workflows

11. Hypothesis
Data
collection
Processing
Storing data
and results
Long-term
preservation
Publication
and
distribution
Reuse Publish metadata with
an open licence
 Use open evaluation
 Ensure interlinkage
between publications,
data and methods
 Make use of
institutional repositories
Promoting
openness at
different
stages of
the research
process
 Consider
financiers'
requirements
 Clarify usage rights
 Ensure that you
give credit through
citations
 Make use of
open-source
software and
open interfaces
 Make use of service
infrastructure
 Attach a persistent
identifier to your results
 Attach descriptive
metadata to your results;
publish metadata with
an open licence
 Use services that
safeguard the
preservation and
integrity of materials
 Produce standard
metadata
Clear citations
Ensure the
accumulation of
credits

12. What else can I do?
 Collaborate on open platforms
 Invite colleagues and the general public
 Publish gray publications open access
 Plans, ideas
 Working papers
 Notebooks
 Presentations …

13. What else can I do?
 Use social media
 Opt in favour of open access and open peer
review
 Publish and share code and other methods
and tools
 Educate yourself and be active (Research
Data Alliance, Open Knowledge Finland etc)

14. 101 Innovations in Scholarly Communication
Jeroen Bosman & Bianca Kramer
 https://figshare.com/articles/101_Innovations_in_Scholarly_Communication_the_Changing_Resear
ch_Workflow/1286826

15. Communication and transparency improve quality
 Both data and publications should be findable
 Good data management enables openness
 Flaws and errors are found and corrected

16. Take care of your data
 Produce rich metadata
 Agree on ownership and
copyright issues
 Take care of licensing the
research results
 Choose the right storage and
publishing platforms
 Use open source, standards and
interfaces

17. GOOD DATA MANAGEMENT
ENSURES
INTEGRITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY

18. THINGS TO CONSIDER
 Persistent identifiers
(URN, DOI, ORCID …)
 Use repository (FSD,
IDA, Dryad, Zenondo …)
 Link data to publications
 Collect your credits
SUSTAINABILITY

19. THINGS TO CONSIDER
PLANNING
http://www.fsd.uta.fi/tiedonhallinta/
http://www.fsd.uta.fi/en/data_management_planning/
Finnish Social Science Data Archive
Finnish Data Management Guide
https://www.tdata.fi/tutkimusdatan-hallinta
Avoimen tieteen käsikirja
http://avointiede.fi/www-kasikirja

20. THINGS TO CONSIDER
 How the data has been created
(primary, secondary)
 Facts about instruments
 Code books and other information
about variables
 Standard Operating Procedures
 Detailed instructions, workflow etc
 Used standards and vocabularies
DOCUMENTATION

21. THINGS TO CONSIDER
LAWS &
RESTRICTIONS
Copyright
Personal integrity
Commercial data
Funder’s requirements
Policies of organization
Contracts

22. www.elsevier.com/connect/1
0-aspects-of-highly-
effective-research-data

23. Data store Data repository Data preservation
Service Storage Data management in
archive
Long term preservation
for selected data
For whom Researchers Organisations Society
Data Files Datasets including
metadata
Datasets, code,
publications, metadata
How Can be edited Versions, persistent
identifiers, frozen
datasets
Strategic long term
preservation with
extensive metadata
Copies Raw data, not selected Selected, curated data
with good security (at
least two copies)
Several copies with
possible format
migrations and versions
Time span Ongoing research A decade or as long as
needed
≈ forever

24. Data
created
Data
archived
Data
reused
Data
published
Data
analyzed
Data
processe
d

25. Data
created
Data
archived
Data
reused
Data
published
Data
analyzed
Data
processed

26. Data
created
Data
archive
d
Data
reused
Data
published
Data
analyzed
Data
processe
d
Research

29. BY Aungarns https://openclipart.org/detail/65119

30. Credit
Illustrations by Jørgen Stamp
Published on www.digitalbevaring.dk
Licensed under CC BY 2.5 DK
Modified by OKM/ATT