The title of this opinion article is a homage to Professor Hameroff’s paper of 2012 entitled “How quantum brain biology can rescue conscious free will” where the role of quantum computations in microtubules inside brain neurons is described as it relates to the elusive concept of free will. Quantum biology, and its applications in medicine, represents a fascinating new field of research where “spooky” (as in Einstein’s definition of entanglement, “spooky action at a distance”) phenomena occur.
A Review on Nanofluids Thermal Properties Determination Using Intelligent Tec...IJSRD
Nanofluids are the dispersion of nano-sized particles into base fluids. Nanofluids have wide scope for applying as coolant in many of the engineering fields because of its higher thermal conductivity and more desirable thermal properties. Numerous mathematical models and experimental models have been proposed to predict the thermo physical properties for the past two decades. It has been noticed that many discrepancies between the mathematical and experimental results of thermo physical properties of nanofluids, in particular, thermal conductivity and viscosity. To mitigate those discrepancies, Intelligent Techniques with flexible mathematical structure that is capable of identifying complex non-linear relationships between input and output data were utilized to accurately predict the thermal properties of nanofluids. The data mining model based on genetic neural network has been widely applied to the procedure of data mining on thermal physical properties of nanofluids to acquire the pattern knowledge. This paper is to review the thermal conductivity of nanofluids research publications which are inter linked with soft computing tools. The outcome of this review shall lead to optimize the nanofluids properties while applying heat transfer nanofluids and to reduce the experimental test runs and number of hypothesis posed by different investigators.
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in theoretical physics that happens when pairs or groups of particles are generated in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the others, even when the particles are separated by a large distance. Instead, a quantum state must be described for the system as a whole. Based on the theory of cancer as an evolutionary metabolic disease (Evolutionary Metabolic Hypothesis of Cancer or EMHC), the cancerous cells are eukaryotic cells with different metabolic rate from healthy cells due to the damaged or shut down mitochondria in them. Assuming each human eukaryotic cell as a particle and the whole body as a Quantum Entangled System (QES), is a new perspective on the description of cancer disease, and this link between theoretical physics and biological sciences in the field of cancer therapies can be a new insight into the cause, prevention and treatment of cancer. Additionally, this perspective admits the Lamarckian evolution in the understanding of the mentioned disease. We have presented each human eukaryotic cell containing mitochondria as a QES, and the whole body containing healthy and normal cells as a QES as well. The difference between the entropy of the healthy cells and cancer cells has also been mentioned in this research.
Keywords: Quantum Entanglement, Cancer, Mitochondria, Evolution, Quantum Entangled System (QES), EMHC
Quantification of Fluorophore Concentrations in Turbid Media by Spatial Frequ...sela shefy
This document provides an overview of the theory and background related to quantifying fluorophore concentrations in turbid media using spatial frequency domain imaging. It begins with a discussion of light propagation through matter and various theoretical approaches, including electromagnetic wave theory, the radiative transport equation, and the diffusion approximation. It then covers basics of light scattering, including the Henyey-Greenstein phase function. Finally, it introduces key optical properties used to characterize turbid media, such as the absorption coefficient (μa), scattering coefficient (μs), reduced scattering coefficient (μs'), and anisotropy factor (g). The objectives of the thesis are to establish concepts and methods for fluorophore quantification using spatial frequency domain imaging and determine sensitivity and resolution.
The history and fundamental of radiation biology us presented in this presentation. Topics including basic human biology and response to radiation, Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau,
Physical factors that affect radiation response,
Biologic factors that affect radiation response,
Radiation dose-response relationships and 6R's of radiobiology are discussed in this presentation. Topics like Linear energy transfer (LET),
Relative Biologic Effectiveness (RBE),
Protraction and fractionation, age, oxygen enhancement, hormesis, repair, repopulation, re-oxygenation, redistribution, remote (bystander) cellular effects
radio sensitivity etc. are included in concise and comprehensive manner.
This document summarizes research on using a hybrid instrument combining flow cytometry and acoustic transducers to characterize ultrasound contrast agents (microbubbles) more quickly and efficiently. The instrument allows researchers to extract physical property information from thousands of microbubbles in just a few minutes, providing statistics on microbubble size, response to ultrasound, and shell properties. This could help optimize microbubbles for diagnostic imaging applications and facilitate the development of therapeutics that use microbubbles to target drug delivery.
The document discusses various treatments for spinal cord injuries, including stem cell research and regenerative medicine. Stem cell treatments show promise but also risks, as demonstrated in an experiment where stem cells overgrew in rats and caused hypersensitivity. Another study found that combining stem cell injections with a gene to stop overgrowth could prevent side effects. Additional research examines using medications and scaffolding to guide neuronal regrowth after injury. While treatments provide hope, more work is still needed to fully address spinal cord damage without risks.
The document discusses the scientific cycle and how it relates to understanding and addressing societal issues like reducing fossil fuel consumption. It explains that the scientific cycle involves making observations, analyzing data, developing hypotheses, testing hypotheses through experiments or models, and revising understanding based on results. Society can apply the scientific consensus on issues, like the role of human activity in climate change, to make informed decisions about steering a course of action, though scientists can only provide information, not make the decisions.
A Mechanistic, Stochastic Model Helps Understand Multiple Sclerosis Course an...Mutiple Sclerosis
Isabella Bordi, Renato Umeton, Vito A. G. Ricigliano, Viviana Annibali, Rosella Mechelli, Giovanni Ristori, Francesca Grassi, Marco Salvetti, and Alfonso Sutera
Heritable and nonheritable factors play a role in multiple sclerosis, but their effect size appears too small, explaining relatively little about disease etiology. Assuming that the factors that trigger the onset of the disease are, to some extent, also those that generate its remissions and relapses, we attempted to model the erratic behaviour of the disease course as observed on a dataset containing the time series of relapses and remissions of 70 patients free of disease-modifying therapies. We show that relapses and remissions follow exponential decaying distributions, excluding periodic recurrences and confirming that relapses manifest randomly in time. It is found that a mechanistic model with a random forcing describes in a satisfactory manner the occurrence of relapses and remissions, and the differences in the length of time spent in each one of the two states. This model may describe how interactions between "soft" etiologic factors occasionally reach the disease threshold thanks to comparably small external random perturbations. The model offers a new context to rethink key problems such as "missing heritability" and "hidden environmental structure" in the etiology of complex traits.
A Review on Nanofluids Thermal Properties Determination Using Intelligent Tec...IJSRD
Nanofluids are the dispersion of nano-sized particles into base fluids. Nanofluids have wide scope for applying as coolant in many of the engineering fields because of its higher thermal conductivity and more desirable thermal properties. Numerous mathematical models and experimental models have been proposed to predict the thermo physical properties for the past two decades. It has been noticed that many discrepancies between the mathematical and experimental results of thermo physical properties of nanofluids, in particular, thermal conductivity and viscosity. To mitigate those discrepancies, Intelligent Techniques with flexible mathematical structure that is capable of identifying complex non-linear relationships between input and output data were utilized to accurately predict the thermal properties of nanofluids. The data mining model based on genetic neural network has been widely applied to the procedure of data mining on thermal physical properties of nanofluids to acquire the pattern knowledge. This paper is to review the thermal conductivity of nanofluids research publications which are inter linked with soft computing tools. The outcome of this review shall lead to optimize the nanofluids properties while applying heat transfer nanofluids and to reduce the experimental test runs and number of hypothesis posed by different investigators.
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in theoretical physics that happens when pairs or groups of particles are generated in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the others, even when the particles are separated by a large distance. Instead, a quantum state must be described for the system as a whole. Based on the theory of cancer as an evolutionary metabolic disease (Evolutionary Metabolic Hypothesis of Cancer or EMHC), the cancerous cells are eukaryotic cells with different metabolic rate from healthy cells due to the damaged or shut down mitochondria in them. Assuming each human eukaryotic cell as a particle and the whole body as a Quantum Entangled System (QES), is a new perspective on the description of cancer disease, and this link between theoretical physics and biological sciences in the field of cancer therapies can be a new insight into the cause, prevention and treatment of cancer. Additionally, this perspective admits the Lamarckian evolution in the understanding of the mentioned disease. We have presented each human eukaryotic cell containing mitochondria as a QES, and the whole body containing healthy and normal cells as a QES as well. The difference between the entropy of the healthy cells and cancer cells has also been mentioned in this research.
Keywords: Quantum Entanglement, Cancer, Mitochondria, Evolution, Quantum Entangled System (QES), EMHC
Quantification of Fluorophore Concentrations in Turbid Media by Spatial Frequ...sela shefy
This document provides an overview of the theory and background related to quantifying fluorophore concentrations in turbid media using spatial frequency domain imaging. It begins with a discussion of light propagation through matter and various theoretical approaches, including electromagnetic wave theory, the radiative transport equation, and the diffusion approximation. It then covers basics of light scattering, including the Henyey-Greenstein phase function. Finally, it introduces key optical properties used to characterize turbid media, such as the absorption coefficient (μa), scattering coefficient (μs), reduced scattering coefficient (μs'), and anisotropy factor (g). The objectives of the thesis are to establish concepts and methods for fluorophore quantification using spatial frequency domain imaging and determine sensitivity and resolution.
The history and fundamental of radiation biology us presented in this presentation. Topics including basic human biology and response to radiation, Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau,
Physical factors that affect radiation response,
Biologic factors that affect radiation response,
Radiation dose-response relationships and 6R's of radiobiology are discussed in this presentation. Topics like Linear energy transfer (LET),
Relative Biologic Effectiveness (RBE),
Protraction and fractionation, age, oxygen enhancement, hormesis, repair, repopulation, re-oxygenation, redistribution, remote (bystander) cellular effects
radio sensitivity etc. are included in concise and comprehensive manner.
This document summarizes research on using a hybrid instrument combining flow cytometry and acoustic transducers to characterize ultrasound contrast agents (microbubbles) more quickly and efficiently. The instrument allows researchers to extract physical property information from thousands of microbubbles in just a few minutes, providing statistics on microbubble size, response to ultrasound, and shell properties. This could help optimize microbubbles for diagnostic imaging applications and facilitate the development of therapeutics that use microbubbles to target drug delivery.
The document discusses various treatments for spinal cord injuries, including stem cell research and regenerative medicine. Stem cell treatments show promise but also risks, as demonstrated in an experiment where stem cells overgrew in rats and caused hypersensitivity. Another study found that combining stem cell injections with a gene to stop overgrowth could prevent side effects. Additional research examines using medications and scaffolding to guide neuronal regrowth after injury. While treatments provide hope, more work is still needed to fully address spinal cord damage without risks.
The document discusses the scientific cycle and how it relates to understanding and addressing societal issues like reducing fossil fuel consumption. It explains that the scientific cycle involves making observations, analyzing data, developing hypotheses, testing hypotheses through experiments or models, and revising understanding based on results. Society can apply the scientific consensus on issues, like the role of human activity in climate change, to make informed decisions about steering a course of action, though scientists can only provide information, not make the decisions.
A Mechanistic, Stochastic Model Helps Understand Multiple Sclerosis Course an...Mutiple Sclerosis
Isabella Bordi, Renato Umeton, Vito A. G. Ricigliano, Viviana Annibali, Rosella Mechelli, Giovanni Ristori, Francesca Grassi, Marco Salvetti, and Alfonso Sutera
Heritable and nonheritable factors play a role in multiple sclerosis, but their effect size appears too small, explaining relatively little about disease etiology. Assuming that the factors that trigger the onset of the disease are, to some extent, also those that generate its remissions and relapses, we attempted to model the erratic behaviour of the disease course as observed on a dataset containing the time series of relapses and remissions of 70 patients free of disease-modifying therapies. We show that relapses and remissions follow exponential decaying distributions, excluding periodic recurrences and confirming that relapses manifest randomly in time. It is found that a mechanistic model with a random forcing describes in a satisfactory manner the occurrence of relapses and remissions, and the differences in the length of time spent in each one of the two states. This model may describe how interactions between "soft" etiologic factors occasionally reach the disease threshold thanks to comparably small external random perturbations. The model offers a new context to rethink key problems such as "missing heritability" and "hidden environmental structure" in the etiology of complex traits.
Estimation Of Vitamin Content In Fruit Juices By Ultrasonic Techniqueinventionjournals
ABSTRACT : Fruits are more essential and have many health benifits. Fruits has vitaminewihch is made up of an organic compound. Vitamin must be through diet. Vitamin C is required for the properdevelopment& function of many parts of the body . It also plays an important role in maintaining proper immune function. In this research the Selected fruits are apple and orange and they have Vitamin ‘C’. Estimation of Vitamin content have been done by studying Ultrasonic Velocity, Viscosity, Density and adiabatic Compressibility. Further the experimental values are confirmed by FTIR.
Cranial Laser Reflex Technique: Healthcare for GeniusesNicholas Wise
Cranial Laser Reflex Technique is an exciting new development in natural pain relief and functional improvement. This stand-alone method allows a practitioner with any cold laser to be able to reduce someone's musculoskeletal pain with amazing speed. This condensed version of Dr. Nick Wise's recent lecture gives the scientific basis of CLRT.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a nuclear imaging technique that allows measurement of brain function while the patient is conscious. Unlike CT or X-rays, PET shows metabolic activity rather than just anatomical structure. A radioactive tracer is injected and detected as it decays, allowing reconstruction of images showing metabolic processes like glucose use in different brain regions. Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI), a type of nuclear medicine imaging, uses radioactive tracers to demonstrate heart muscle function and blood flow. It can diagnose coronary artery disease and is often more sensitive than other tests, particularly for women.
The document summarizes several studies on DNA replication and the molecular machinery involved. It describes how researchers used tools like molecular biology and biochemistry to slow down and "freeze" the replication process at intermediate steps. This allowed them to observe conformational changes in proteins like the origin recognition complex (ORC) as it recruits the helicase enzyme to unwind DNA. Cryo-electron microscopy was then used to capture 3D structures of the protein components and reveal how they interact during replication initiation. The studies provide new insights into this critical cellular process.
This document discusses the concept of antifragility in biology, which refers to systems that thrive under variable conditions. It explores proteins with flexible regions as an example of an antifragile cellular component. The document is divided into three parts: 1) It discusses core functions required to sustain life in stationary phase cells, including sensing the environment, transporting molecules, degrading and re-synthesizing RNA, and replacing proteins. 2) It focuses on RNA degradation and transcription as essential first-line processes. 3) It discusses protein degradation and the role of energy-dependent degradation enzymes in information management during aging.
Biotecnika Times Newspaper 6th December 2018shekhar suman
This summary provides the key details from the multi-page document in 3 sentences:
The document reports on recent scientific studies, including the development of a new type of biological data recorder using genetically modified E. coli bacteria. It also describes new "kill switch" mechanisms engineered into bacteria to ensure they self-destruct under certain conditions. Additionally, the document summarizes a study that found the process of clearing dying cancer cells (efferocytosis) can unexpectedly promote tumor growth in bone metastases of prostate cancer by stimulating the release of a pro-inflammatory protein.
Mitochondria in biology and medicine artKathe Sanchez
1. The document summarizes key findings from the second annual conference of the Society of Mitochondrial Research and Medicine held in India in November 2012.
2. Presentations highlighted the regulatory role of mitochondria in various cellular processes and their involvement in diseases like cancer, neurodegeneration, aging, and inflammation.
3. Evidence was presented linking environmental toxins like cadmium to mitochondrial dysfunction and diseases like diabetes through disrupted signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species production.
This document provides an introduction to biology and discusses the relationships between biology, medicine, and engineering. It explains that biology and medicine study living organisms and biological functions, some of which can be modeled and analyzed using engineering principles. This led to the emergence of fields like biomedical engineering that apply engineering concepts to medical problems. Examples are given of how engineering tools have been used to address issues like the COVID-19 pandemic. Biological engineering is defined as applying biological principles and engineering tools to create useful products. The roles and examples of work done in bioengineering research are outlined.
This document discusses the biological effects of radiation exposure on humans. It describes how radiation interacts with atoms and can cause damage at the cellular level by direct interaction with DNA or indirect interaction through radiolytic decomposition of water within cells. Different cell types and organs vary in their sensitivity to radiation depending on factors like rate of cell reproduction. High doses of radiation can cause acute effects like radiation sickness, while low chronic doses may increase long-term cancer risk. A summary of average annual radiation exposure for a US citizen is also provided.
Noise in multiple sclerosis: unwanted and necessaryMutiple Sclerosis
Isabella Bordi, Vito A G Ricigliano, Renato Umeton, Giovanni Ristori, Francesca Grassi, Andrea Crisanti, Alfonso Sutera, and Marco Salvetti
As our knowledge about the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) increases, deterministic paradigms appear insufficient to describe the pathogenesis of the disease, and the impression is that stochastic phenomena (i.e. random events not necessarily resulting in disease in all individuals) may contribute to the development of MS. However, sources and mechanisms of stochastic behavior have not been investigated and there is no proposed framework to incorporate nondeterministic processes into disease biology. In this report, we will first describe analogies between physics of nonlinear systems and cell biology, showing how small-scale random perturbations can impact on large-scale phenomena, including cell function. We will then review growing and solid evidence showing that stochastic gene expression (or gene expression "noise") can be a driver of phenotypic variation. Moreover, we will describe new methods that open unprecedented opportunities for the study of such phenomena in patients and the impact of this information on our understanding of MS course and therapy.
This case report describes a 37-year-old man who presented with sudden onset severe left-sided neck pain and ST elevations on his ECG. He was incorrectly diagnosed with an anterior wall myocardial infarction and thrombolyzed. Further examination revealed differential blood pressures between his upper and lower extremities, suggesting an underlying aortic coarctation. Imaging confirmed severe coarctation of the aorta. The atypical presentation of neck pain and ECG changes were likely due to vasospasm and compression related to the coarctation. This case highlights the importance of a full clinical assessment prior to thrombolytic therapy to avoid unnecessary procedures.
This document discusses a study of 72 patients with bradycardia. Autonomic nervous system testing revealed autonomic dysfunction in most patients, with increased vagal tone being the most common finding present in 83.3% of patients. Several autonomic syndromes were also identified, with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome being present in 34.7% of patients. Treatment targeting the identified autonomic abnormalities improved symptoms in most patients. The study demonstrates that autonomic nervous system testing can help explain causes of bradycardia when clinical exams are otherwise normal.
The study objective was to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of Biofield Energized test item (DMEM) in rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2) cells. The test item (DMEM medium) was divided into three parts, first part received one-time Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi and was labeled as the one-time Biofield Energy Treated (BT-I) DMEM, while second part received the two-times Biofield Energy Treatment and is denoted as BT-II DMEM.
Essential hypertension, the most common type, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, a rapidly growing section of the population. It is a sad reality that until the 1950s treating benign hypertension was not thought to be necessary. The tragic death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt on April 12, 1945 at the age of 63 years, with a blood pressure of 350/195mmHg, and without treatment shocked the healthcare community.
This document presents an optimization of algorithms for real-time ECG beat classification. It compares algorithms using voltage values in the time domain versus those using Daubechies wavelet analysis. It extracts features around reference peaks within the QRS complex and uses clustering methods to classify beats in real-time as normal, premature ventricular contraction, or unclassified. Evaluating algorithms on 32 MIT-BIH records, the method using Daubechies wavelets and correlation measure achieved 93.25% sensitivity and 91.43% positive predictivity for premature ventricular contraction detection, making it suitable for real-time systems due to low computational cost.
Coronary artery diseases (CAD) known as atherosclerotic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD). CAD is the largest contributor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and mortality rate is due in prevalence to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the arterial wall. Unfortunately, myocardial infarction (MI) is still a first common manifestation of CHD and, in about 50% of patients; angina pectoris is the first symptom of the pathology.
This document proposes a new hypothesis that some heart diseases may be caused by endogenous toxicological factors within the body over time. It suggests that metabolic and catabolic imbalances can create conditions like congestive heart failure, and that allowing sufficient time to restore balance through rest can resolve pathologies. Coronary artery spasm is discussed as an example that may be triggered by activated platelets releasing vasoconstrictor substances. The hypothesis is that better understanding endogenous local toxicity and its kinetics over time could provide new insights into the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of certain heart conditions.
Intraoperative aortic dissection during cardiac surgery is infrequent, complicating surgical intervention in 0.04 - 1% of cases. Dissections can occur anywhere, most often as a result of direct mechanical damage at the location of the side clamp, site of cannulation of the aorta, or at the site of proximal anastomosis and may manifest as hematoma, bleeding at the cannulation site or bleeding from the proximal anastomoses or aortic suture lines. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to extremely (23-41%) high mortality rate.
Hemorheological indexes, living habits, medical history and genetics factor are primary risk factors in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). In the present study the relation of all factors to the severity of CHD was examined. The data of 282 patients (mean age: 60±9 years) diagnosed with CHD and 229 healthy controls (mean age: 59±7 years) from Wenzhou Medical University were analyzed.
This document reviews a 2001 mathematical model by Feng, Sitek and Gullberg for determining the surface area and volume of the left ventricle (LV) based on its geometry as a truncated prolate spheroid. It finds that using the same model to calculate both volume and area results in a perfect linear correlation between the two due to their dependence on the model. Alternative models using Cartesian coordinates are explored that use echocardiographic measurements of the LV to calculate volume and area independently, finding still a very strong linear correlation between the two. The document concludes it is unrealistic to expect a perfect correlation when the same model is used to calculate both parameters.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) had become a novel and secure procedure to treat aortic stenosis that had become more accepted over the years; the approach and different types of device improve the life expectancy, diminish the complications and costs in public health. Along with the improvement in technology the minimalist approach had gain popularity to ameliorate the overall patient health.
Despite the advances in diagnostic methods and techniques for surgical treatment in the last two decades, aortic diseases remain a major cause of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity, challenging physicians and molecular biologists. It is believed that about 600 million years ago, during the Cambrian period, variant forms of life appeared, among them were the oxygen-producing cyano bacteria.
Estimation Of Vitamin Content In Fruit Juices By Ultrasonic Techniqueinventionjournals
ABSTRACT : Fruits are more essential and have many health benifits. Fruits has vitaminewihch is made up of an organic compound. Vitamin must be through diet. Vitamin C is required for the properdevelopment& function of many parts of the body . It also plays an important role in maintaining proper immune function. In this research the Selected fruits are apple and orange and they have Vitamin ‘C’. Estimation of Vitamin content have been done by studying Ultrasonic Velocity, Viscosity, Density and adiabatic Compressibility. Further the experimental values are confirmed by FTIR.
Cranial Laser Reflex Technique: Healthcare for GeniusesNicholas Wise
Cranial Laser Reflex Technique is an exciting new development in natural pain relief and functional improvement. This stand-alone method allows a practitioner with any cold laser to be able to reduce someone's musculoskeletal pain with amazing speed. This condensed version of Dr. Nick Wise's recent lecture gives the scientific basis of CLRT.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a nuclear imaging technique that allows measurement of brain function while the patient is conscious. Unlike CT or X-rays, PET shows metabolic activity rather than just anatomical structure. A radioactive tracer is injected and detected as it decays, allowing reconstruction of images showing metabolic processes like glucose use in different brain regions. Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI), a type of nuclear medicine imaging, uses radioactive tracers to demonstrate heart muscle function and blood flow. It can diagnose coronary artery disease and is often more sensitive than other tests, particularly for women.
The document summarizes several studies on DNA replication and the molecular machinery involved. It describes how researchers used tools like molecular biology and biochemistry to slow down and "freeze" the replication process at intermediate steps. This allowed them to observe conformational changes in proteins like the origin recognition complex (ORC) as it recruits the helicase enzyme to unwind DNA. Cryo-electron microscopy was then used to capture 3D structures of the protein components and reveal how they interact during replication initiation. The studies provide new insights into this critical cellular process.
This document discusses the concept of antifragility in biology, which refers to systems that thrive under variable conditions. It explores proteins with flexible regions as an example of an antifragile cellular component. The document is divided into three parts: 1) It discusses core functions required to sustain life in stationary phase cells, including sensing the environment, transporting molecules, degrading and re-synthesizing RNA, and replacing proteins. 2) It focuses on RNA degradation and transcription as essential first-line processes. 3) It discusses protein degradation and the role of energy-dependent degradation enzymes in information management during aging.
Biotecnika Times Newspaper 6th December 2018shekhar suman
This summary provides the key details from the multi-page document in 3 sentences:
The document reports on recent scientific studies, including the development of a new type of biological data recorder using genetically modified E. coli bacteria. It also describes new "kill switch" mechanisms engineered into bacteria to ensure they self-destruct under certain conditions. Additionally, the document summarizes a study that found the process of clearing dying cancer cells (efferocytosis) can unexpectedly promote tumor growth in bone metastases of prostate cancer by stimulating the release of a pro-inflammatory protein.
Mitochondria in biology and medicine artKathe Sanchez
1. The document summarizes key findings from the second annual conference of the Society of Mitochondrial Research and Medicine held in India in November 2012.
2. Presentations highlighted the regulatory role of mitochondria in various cellular processes and their involvement in diseases like cancer, neurodegeneration, aging, and inflammation.
3. Evidence was presented linking environmental toxins like cadmium to mitochondrial dysfunction and diseases like diabetes through disrupted signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species production.
This document provides an introduction to biology and discusses the relationships between biology, medicine, and engineering. It explains that biology and medicine study living organisms and biological functions, some of which can be modeled and analyzed using engineering principles. This led to the emergence of fields like biomedical engineering that apply engineering concepts to medical problems. Examples are given of how engineering tools have been used to address issues like the COVID-19 pandemic. Biological engineering is defined as applying biological principles and engineering tools to create useful products. The roles and examples of work done in bioengineering research are outlined.
This document discusses the biological effects of radiation exposure on humans. It describes how radiation interacts with atoms and can cause damage at the cellular level by direct interaction with DNA or indirect interaction through radiolytic decomposition of water within cells. Different cell types and organs vary in their sensitivity to radiation depending on factors like rate of cell reproduction. High doses of radiation can cause acute effects like radiation sickness, while low chronic doses may increase long-term cancer risk. A summary of average annual radiation exposure for a US citizen is also provided.
Noise in multiple sclerosis: unwanted and necessaryMutiple Sclerosis
Isabella Bordi, Vito A G Ricigliano, Renato Umeton, Giovanni Ristori, Francesca Grassi, Andrea Crisanti, Alfonso Sutera, and Marco Salvetti
As our knowledge about the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) increases, deterministic paradigms appear insufficient to describe the pathogenesis of the disease, and the impression is that stochastic phenomena (i.e. random events not necessarily resulting in disease in all individuals) may contribute to the development of MS. However, sources and mechanisms of stochastic behavior have not been investigated and there is no proposed framework to incorporate nondeterministic processes into disease biology. In this report, we will first describe analogies between physics of nonlinear systems and cell biology, showing how small-scale random perturbations can impact on large-scale phenomena, including cell function. We will then review growing and solid evidence showing that stochastic gene expression (or gene expression "noise") can be a driver of phenotypic variation. Moreover, we will describe new methods that open unprecedented opportunities for the study of such phenomena in patients and the impact of this information on our understanding of MS course and therapy.
This case report describes a 37-year-old man who presented with sudden onset severe left-sided neck pain and ST elevations on his ECG. He was incorrectly diagnosed with an anterior wall myocardial infarction and thrombolyzed. Further examination revealed differential blood pressures between his upper and lower extremities, suggesting an underlying aortic coarctation. Imaging confirmed severe coarctation of the aorta. The atypical presentation of neck pain and ECG changes were likely due to vasospasm and compression related to the coarctation. This case highlights the importance of a full clinical assessment prior to thrombolytic therapy to avoid unnecessary procedures.
This document discusses a study of 72 patients with bradycardia. Autonomic nervous system testing revealed autonomic dysfunction in most patients, with increased vagal tone being the most common finding present in 83.3% of patients. Several autonomic syndromes were also identified, with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome being present in 34.7% of patients. Treatment targeting the identified autonomic abnormalities improved symptoms in most patients. The study demonstrates that autonomic nervous system testing can help explain causes of bradycardia when clinical exams are otherwise normal.
The study objective was to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of Biofield Energized test item (DMEM) in rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2) cells. The test item (DMEM medium) was divided into three parts, first part received one-time Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi and was labeled as the one-time Biofield Energy Treated (BT-I) DMEM, while second part received the two-times Biofield Energy Treatment and is denoted as BT-II DMEM.
Essential hypertension, the most common type, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, a rapidly growing section of the population. It is a sad reality that until the 1950s treating benign hypertension was not thought to be necessary. The tragic death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt on April 12, 1945 at the age of 63 years, with a blood pressure of 350/195mmHg, and without treatment shocked the healthcare community.
This document presents an optimization of algorithms for real-time ECG beat classification. It compares algorithms using voltage values in the time domain versus those using Daubechies wavelet analysis. It extracts features around reference peaks within the QRS complex and uses clustering methods to classify beats in real-time as normal, premature ventricular contraction, or unclassified. Evaluating algorithms on 32 MIT-BIH records, the method using Daubechies wavelets and correlation measure achieved 93.25% sensitivity and 91.43% positive predictivity for premature ventricular contraction detection, making it suitable for real-time systems due to low computational cost.
Coronary artery diseases (CAD) known as atherosclerotic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD). CAD is the largest contributor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and mortality rate is due in prevalence to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the arterial wall. Unfortunately, myocardial infarction (MI) is still a first common manifestation of CHD and, in about 50% of patients; angina pectoris is the first symptom of the pathology.
This document proposes a new hypothesis that some heart diseases may be caused by endogenous toxicological factors within the body over time. It suggests that metabolic and catabolic imbalances can create conditions like congestive heart failure, and that allowing sufficient time to restore balance through rest can resolve pathologies. Coronary artery spasm is discussed as an example that may be triggered by activated platelets releasing vasoconstrictor substances. The hypothesis is that better understanding endogenous local toxicity and its kinetics over time could provide new insights into the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of certain heart conditions.
Intraoperative aortic dissection during cardiac surgery is infrequent, complicating surgical intervention in 0.04 - 1% of cases. Dissections can occur anywhere, most often as a result of direct mechanical damage at the location of the side clamp, site of cannulation of the aorta, or at the site of proximal anastomosis and may manifest as hematoma, bleeding at the cannulation site or bleeding from the proximal anastomoses or aortic suture lines. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to extremely (23-41%) high mortality rate.
Hemorheological indexes, living habits, medical history and genetics factor are primary risk factors in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). In the present study the relation of all factors to the severity of CHD was examined. The data of 282 patients (mean age: 60±9 years) diagnosed with CHD and 229 healthy controls (mean age: 59±7 years) from Wenzhou Medical University were analyzed.
This document reviews a 2001 mathematical model by Feng, Sitek and Gullberg for determining the surface area and volume of the left ventricle (LV) based on its geometry as a truncated prolate spheroid. It finds that using the same model to calculate both volume and area results in a perfect linear correlation between the two due to their dependence on the model. Alternative models using Cartesian coordinates are explored that use echocardiographic measurements of the LV to calculate volume and area independently, finding still a very strong linear correlation between the two. The document concludes it is unrealistic to expect a perfect correlation when the same model is used to calculate both parameters.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) had become a novel and secure procedure to treat aortic stenosis that had become more accepted over the years; the approach and different types of device improve the life expectancy, diminish the complications and costs in public health. Along with the improvement in technology the minimalist approach had gain popularity to ameliorate the overall patient health.
Despite the advances in diagnostic methods and techniques for surgical treatment in the last two decades, aortic diseases remain a major cause of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity, challenging physicians and molecular biologists. It is believed that about 600 million years ago, during the Cambrian period, variant forms of life appeared, among them were the oxygen-producing cyano bacteria.
The central venous access is one of the most common procedures in interventional nephrology [1-3]. One of the known complications of this procedure is the right branch lesion of the His bundle that leads to temporary or permanent blockage.
Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening disease caused by bacterial infection of the endothelium and cardiac valves, either native or prosthetic. In the present work the role of the new microbiological techniques (techniques of detection and amplification of the subunit 16 ribosomal sRNA by means of the chain reaction of the polymerase in blood or tissue, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and matrix-assisted laser is reviewed desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.
Epidemiological and clinical evidence confirm that hearts are sensitive to ionizing radiation (IR). They are even more radiosensitive than formerly believed. Mechanistic studies show that the radiosensitivity is not due to the heart muscles but mainly to the cardiovascular system (CV).
This document summarizes research on CRP3/MLP (cysteine-rich protein 3/muscle LIM protein) and its role in vein graft failure and arterialization. It discusses how CRP3/MLP expression is normally present in arteries but absent in veins, but becomes upregulated in veins during adaptation to arterial hemodynamics. Studies in a CRP3/MLP knockout rat model showed it acts as a key modifier of vein remodeling by sensitizing stretched smooth muscle cells to apoptosis. The research suggests CRP3/MLP may be a new target to prevent neointimal growth and vein graft failure, and could help predict outcomes of vascular therapies.
In cardiology practice, we often come across patients presenting with anginal pain who undergo coronary angiogram which reveals either normal or non-obstructive epicardial coronaries. Importance is given to epicardial coronaries and the coronary microvasculature which could be the cause of angina is often overlooked. These patients are then labeled to have non-cardiac chest pain and musculoskeletal or psychogenic etiology is suggested. However, with growing interest in coronary microvasculature which are the tiny blood vessels at the tissue level in myocardium, diagnostic modalities and treatment options for coronary microvascular disease are being explored.
Coronary angioplasty has revolutionized the management of coronary artery disease. It has not ceased to develop to become the reference method of myocardial revascularization. The aim of our study is to evaluate the ultrasound parameters of left ventricular function after coronary angioplasty. This is a prospective analytical study including patients with stable coronary artery disease with a known coronary artery anatomy programmed for coronary angioplasty. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed four hours before and seven days after myocardial revascularization.
Cardiomyopathies are heart muscle diseases originated from a series of aggressions, such as genetic defects, cardiac myocyte injury or infiltration of myocardial tissue. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by an impairment of the left ventricular or biventricular contraction, caused by familial, genetic, viral, autoimmune, alcoholic, toxic, or of unknown cause.
A hypothesis is presented which suggests that the cardiac L-type calcium channel opens in a stochastic fashion as the calcium channel protein complex moves around in the lipid of the outer leaflet of the sarcolemma. Opening occurs when there is release of calcium ions that are bound in the polarised state to anionic phospholipid of the inner leaflet, the release being a consequence of proton penetration into the sarcolemma upon depolarisation.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
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share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system