Ramboll is a leading engineering consultancy for offshore substation design. They provide full engineering services from conceptual design to installation. Their expertise includes substructure design for foundations like monopiles and jackets, as well as topside design for electrical equipment, accommodation, and auxiliary systems. They have extensive experience designing substations for offshore wind farms around the world.
‘Biomimetic Approaches to Architectural Design for Increased Sustainability’,...Dr Maibritt Pedersen Zari
Biomimicry, where flora, fauna or entire ecosystems are emulated as a basis for design, is a growing area of research in the fields of architecture and engineering. This is due to both the fact that it is an inspirational source of possible new innovation and because of the potential it offers as a way to create a more sustainable and even regenerative built environment. The widespread and practical application of biomimicry as a design method remains however largely unrealised. A growing body of international research identifies various obstacles to the employment of biomimicry as an architectural design method. One barrier of particular note is the lack of a clear definition of the various approaches to biomimicry that designers can initially employ.
Through a comparative literature review, and an examination of existing biomimetic technologies, this paper elaborates on distinct approaches to biomimetic design that have evolved. A framework for understanding the various forms of biomimicry has been developed, and is used to discuss the distinct advantages and disadvantages inherent in each as a design methodology. It is shown that these varied approaches may lead to different outcomes in terms of overall sustainability or regenerative potential.
It is posited that a biomimetic approach to architectural design that incorporates an understanding of ecosystems could become a vehicle for creating a built environment that goes beyond simply sustaining current conditions to a restorative practice where the built environment becomes a vital component in the integration with and regeneration of natural ecosystems.
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IS HUGE PROBLEM.
IT IS POLUTING OCEAN AND EFFECTS SEA LIFE.
PEOPLE HAVE TO GIVE ATTENTION ON IT. THIS PPT IS
SPECIALLY FOR DESCRIBE THIS PROBLEM AND GIVE AN
EXPLAINATION TO ALL. BY THE END OF 2100TH CENTURY
IT WILL BECOME MORE CRITICAL AND DESTROY OCEAN
LIFE.
Apresentação realizada no âmbito do Ciclo de debates sobre cidades e ordenamento do território, Curso de Mestrado em Riscos, Cidades e Ordenamento do Território «PPP’s: Polis, Planos e Projectos» - Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto - 2012-01-20
Marginal offshore production platform feasibilityguest651e92c
Final presentation of a feasibility study performed this year (2009) covering many aspects of marginal platform design, fabrication, transport and installation.
‘Biomimetic Approaches to Architectural Design for Increased Sustainability’,...Dr Maibritt Pedersen Zari
Biomimicry, where flora, fauna or entire ecosystems are emulated as a basis for design, is a growing area of research in the fields of architecture and engineering. This is due to both the fact that it is an inspirational source of possible new innovation and because of the potential it offers as a way to create a more sustainable and even regenerative built environment. The widespread and practical application of biomimicry as a design method remains however largely unrealised. A growing body of international research identifies various obstacles to the employment of biomimicry as an architectural design method. One barrier of particular note is the lack of a clear definition of the various approaches to biomimicry that designers can initially employ.
Through a comparative literature review, and an examination of existing biomimetic technologies, this paper elaborates on distinct approaches to biomimetic design that have evolved. A framework for understanding the various forms of biomimicry has been developed, and is used to discuss the distinct advantages and disadvantages inherent in each as a design methodology. It is shown that these varied approaches may lead to different outcomes in terms of overall sustainability or regenerative potential.
It is posited that a biomimetic approach to architectural design that incorporates an understanding of ecosystems could become a vehicle for creating a built environment that goes beyond simply sustaining current conditions to a restorative practice where the built environment becomes a vital component in the integration with and regeneration of natural ecosystems.
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IS HUGE PROBLEM.
IT IS POLUTING OCEAN AND EFFECTS SEA LIFE.
PEOPLE HAVE TO GIVE ATTENTION ON IT. THIS PPT IS
SPECIALLY FOR DESCRIBE THIS PROBLEM AND GIVE AN
EXPLAINATION TO ALL. BY THE END OF 2100TH CENTURY
IT WILL BECOME MORE CRITICAL AND DESTROY OCEAN
LIFE.
Apresentação realizada no âmbito do Ciclo de debates sobre cidades e ordenamento do território, Curso de Mestrado em Riscos, Cidades e Ordenamento do Território «PPP’s: Polis, Planos e Projectos» - Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto - 2012-01-20
Marginal offshore production platform feasibilityguest651e92c
Final presentation of a feasibility study performed this year (2009) covering many aspects of marginal platform design, fabrication, transport and installation.
An overview of the Business confidence monitor produced by the ICAEW in association with Grant Thornton UK LLP. Read more about business confidence by sector in this quarter here: http://www.grant-thornton.co.uk/en/Thinking/UK-business-confidence-mapped-by-sector/
Intertek provides quality and safety services that not only help customers provide quality products and services but also adds value to their business.
We deliver these services through our global network and as a result have developed an unrivalled reputation for fast execution of work.
An overview of the Business confidence monitor produced by the ICAEW in association with Grant Thornton UK LLP. Read more about business confidence by sector in this quarter here: http://www.grant-thornton.co.uk/en/Thinking/UK-business-confidence-mapped-by-sector/
Intertek provides quality and safety services that not only help customers provide quality products and services but also adds value to their business.
We deliver these services through our global network and as a result have developed an unrivalled reputation for fast execution of work.
Nexans 33kv cables for onshore windfarm projects are now available with a conductive outer skin on the protective sheath, this innovative feature assists the installer in testing for sheath damage.
This conductive outer skin feature represents one of Nexans "Windfarm Innovations Program" which covers a range of features for cables and associated services which can improve the overall efficiency of an onshore windfarm installation through reducing installation time and overall costs.
The cables used to convey power between the wind turbines and the collector substations are laid directly in trenches which can often cross challenging terrain. A common problem on sites is that the cable sheaths are damaged by stones or other obstacles during laying but this damage is not discovered until the cable is buried and testing is being carried out.
On standard cables, in order to make a "sheath test" (which measures the resistance between the cables metallic screen and the outer sheath layer), the outer sheath needs to be in contact with moist soil/sand to provide a return electrode for the test. This means the test can only be performed satisfactorily once the cable is buried in the ground.
By supplying cables which have a very thin skin of conductive material, testing can be done without the need for the cables to be buried. An initial test can be made whilst the cable is still on the drum to establish whether the cable sheath is intact before beginning to lay it in the ground, the test can then be repeated as soon as the cable is laid in its’ final position before the cables are blinded with soil or sand.
Any damage to the sheath can found from the test and repaired without the expense and lost time of having to excavate the surrounding soil /sand. A further feature is to have the sheath in a natural colour with the conductive skin as black. This assists in the identification of any sheath damage as the natural colour of the sheath is visible through the black layer at the site of damage.
The semiconductive layer is also a perfect way to detect sheath errors of cables installed in ducts. Even if the duct is dry during installation; this may change during its’ lifetime. Once water has entered a duct it normally stays there and may damage a cable with an existing sheath error in this area. With a conductive layer the cables can be tested before and after installation into ducts to be sure no sheath error is present which could reduce the cables’ lifetime.
Offshore wind farms consist of a number of wind turbine generators. A grid of cables interconnects the generators and brings the power to shore. Cable links that connect offshore wind farms to shore contribute to sustainable electricity distribution. The know-how for installing transmission cable interconnections is a valuable asset for the offshore wind industry.
It has been observed that a number of challenges have been faced by offshore wind industry for cable installation and maintenance, which is evident from the fact that ~70% of the insurance claims from offshore wind farm operations relate to cable damage. Hence, it is imperative to adapt the method which is not only advantageous for long transmission and connections but is also cost effective.
This report describes a good practice for the installation of offshore wind transmission cables. It provides an overview of the primary economic & technological drivers related to cable installation and global industry players. It also offers an evaluation of innovations that could assist in driving down the cost of the installation and maintenance of cables in offshore wind farm operations.
This brochure presents Vacon NXP products for Common DC Bus systems. The product range comprises front-end units, inverter units and brake chopper units in the entire power range from 550 kW to 2200 kW. The drive components are built on proven Vacon NX technology and provide the ideal energy sharing solution for a multitude of power systems. Typical applications for regenerative DC bus systems include high-power process industries such as pulp & paper, steel, metal & mining and marine cranes, where the use of braking power is relatively high. Non-regenerative DC bus systems are cost effective solutions for smaller machines and production lines, which typically use less braking power.
Ports For Future Offshore Wind-Event Brochuregm330
There are so many considerations when choosing your port & making sure you have the facilities you need to install & then service offshore wind projects. As projects get bigger & parts increase in size & weight, even more questions come to the fore. Join Windpower Monthly’s inaugural Ports For Offshore Wind Forum on 21-22 May 2013 in Aberdeen, Scotland to hear from & network with key representatives throughout the supply chain who are dealing with the logistical challenges faced when preparing your ports. Ensure operations run as smoothly as possible at your harbour to avoid delays & increased costs.
3. OFFSHORE SUBSTATION
DESIGN
COMPLETE SUBSTATION DESIGNS TAILORED FOR YOUR
OFFSHORE WIND FARM
Ramboll is the world leader in off- on safety and cost effective de- • specification of all auxiliary equip-
shore foundation design for wind sign. The development and design ment such as cranes, emergency
turbines. Our specialised engineers of the substation is highly depend- diesel systems and workshops
carry vast expertise within devel- ent on the actual location and the
opment and design of offshore fa- operation and maintenance philos- • accommodation facilities and heli
cilities. ophy for the substation and for the deck if required
wind farm. • installation engineering for topside
This covers minimum facilities with
low manning frequency as well as and substructure as well as cable
larger facilities that are permanent- pull-in planning
ly manned with frequent access via
sea or air. Multidiscipline services
Ramboll provides multidisciplinary Substructure design
engineering consultancy for all are-
as of the offshore substation: The substructure design can be a
Offshore substations
simple steel mono pile, a larger
More and larger wind farms are be- • definition of design standards and jacket for deeper waters and higher
ing located offshore. The capacity codes topside loads or it can be a con-
of these wind farms is of the order crete gravity base structure. At
of several hundreds of MW. To min- • general layout development with Ramboll we have more than 25
imise the electrical transmission consideration of safety, mechanical years of experience within offshore
losses and the cable costs, the tur- handling, operation and mainte- substructure design.
bines in such wind farms are elec- nance
The structural design is carried out
trically connected to an offshore
• implementation of electrical equip- using Ramboll’s own state-of-the-
substation provided with a step-up
ment such as step-up transformer, art software programme ROSAP. All
transformer. The transmission to
reactors, GIS switchgear, LV-switch- topsides and substructure design
shore is then achieved by an HV
gear, UPS system and control sys- are performed within a fully inte-
AC connection or an HVDC link.
tem grated multi-discipline 3D system
With Ramboll as your partner, our (e.g. PDS, PDMS, Tekla or Solid-
extensive offshore experience will • substructure design including works).
be implemented into the design of j-tubes for cables, boat landings
your substation with strong focus and foundation
Finalised and ongoing wind farm offshore sub station projects
• Anholt substation - topside and substructure - Detailed design (DK)
• Horns Rev 2 substation - topside and substructure – FEED (DK)
• Robin Rigg substation - topside and substructure – Detailed design (UK)
• Nordergrunde substation - topside and substructure – Detailed design (D)
• Sheringham Shoal - substation substructure – Detail design (UK)
• Greater Gabbard (UK)
• Bligh Bank (UK)
• NordSee Ost - substation substructure – Concept study (D)
More information and contact
Peter Busch Nielsen
Senior Project Manager
M: +45 5161 7238
pbn@ramboll.com
4. Design codes
The designs can be performed ac-
cording to any acknowledged
standard e.g. DNV, Germanischer
Lloyd, IEC, NFPA, ISO or other in-
ternational codes, as required to
have the project certified by a Cer-
tifying Authority.
Optimum solutions
Ramboll is the ideal partner for car-
rying out studies to determine the
kind of facility that is most advanta-
geous at a given location.
Our long track record of feasibility
studies, front-end engineering de-
sign and detailed designs for cli-
ents’ operating facilities offshore
will ensure that we will develop the
optimum solution.
Anholt Offshore Wind Farm
Our most recent major substation
project is the Anholt substation in
Denmark. When installed the
400MW wind farm will become one
of the largest in the world today.
WHO ARE WE?
Ramboll is e a leading engineering,
design and consultancy company
founded in Denmark in 1945. Today
we employ approximately 9,000
ambitious experts with a strong
presence in Northern Europe, India,
Russia and the Middle East. With
almost 200 offices in 20 countries we
emphasise local experience combined
with a global knowledge base..We
constantly strive to achieve inspiring
and exacting solutions that make a
genuine difference to our customers,
the end-users and society as a whole.
www.ramboll.com