Terrorism has become a global phenomenon with a 61% increase in the number of people killed in terrorist attacks over the last year. The 2014 Global Terrorism Index provides a fact-based understanding of terrorism and its impact.
There is an urgent need for world community to fight terrorism together. There can not be good terrorist and bad terrorist A terrorist is a terrorist
Review Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Poli.docxAASTHA76
Review: Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy
Reviewed Work(s): The Perils of Anarchy: Contemporary Realism and International
Security by Michael E. Brown; Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobilization,
and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958 by Thomas J. Christensen; Deadly Imbalances:
Tripolarity and Hitler's Strategy of World Conquest by Randall L. Schweller; The Elusive
Balance: Power and Perceptions during the Cold War by William Curti Wohlforth; From
Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America's World Role by Fareed Zakaria
Review by: Gideon Rose
Source: World Politics, Vol. 51, No. 1 (Oct., 1998), pp. 144-172
Published by: Cambridge University Press
Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25054068
Accessed: 12-08-2018 23:50 UTC
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide
range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and
facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
https://about.jstor.org/terms
Cambridge University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to World Politics
This content downloaded from 76.109.204.44 on Sun, 12 Aug 2018 23:50:44 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
Review Article
NEOCLASSICAL REALISM AND
THEORIES OF FOREIGN POLICY
By GIDEON ROSE*
Michael E. Brown et al., eds. The Perils of Anarchy: Contemporary Realism and
International Security. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995, 519 pp.
Thomas J. Christensen. Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobiliza
tion, and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958. Princeton: Princeton Univer
sity Press, 1996, 319 pp.
Randall L. Schweller. Deadly Imbalances: Tripolarity and Hitlers Strategy of
World Conquest. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998,267 pp.
William Curti Wohlforth. The Elusive Balance: Power and Perceptions during
the Cold War. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993, 317 pp.
Fareed Zakaria. From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of Americas World
Role. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998,199 pp.
FOR two decades international relations theory has been dominated by the debate between neorealists and their various critics.1 Much
of the skirmishing has occurred over questions about the nature of the
international system and its effect on patterns of international out
comes such as war and peace. Thus scholars have disputed whether a
multipolar system generates more conflict than a bipolar one, or
* For support, criticisms, and suggestions regarding earlier versions of this essay I am grateful to
Richard Berts, Michael Desch, Michael Doyle, Aaron Friedberg, Philip Gordon, Ethan Kapstein, Jeff
Legro, Sean Lynn-Jones, Andrew Moravcsik, Kenne.
A riot is at bottom thelanguage of the unheard.-- Martin.docxbartholomeocoombs
"A riot is at bottom the
language of the unheard."
-- Martin Luther King, Jr.,
American civil rights
leader, 1967
"[Rioters] are lawbreakers,
destroyers of
constitutional rights and
liberties and ultimately
destroyers of a free
America." -- Lyndon B.
Johnson, American
president, 1965
Published on Beyond Intractability (http://www.beyondintractability.org)
Home > Frames, Framing and Reframing
Frames, Framing and Reframing
Frames are the way we see things and define what we see. Similar to the way a new frame
can entirely change the way we view a photograph, reframing can change the way disputing
parties understand and pursue their conflict.
Frames, Framing and Reframing
By
Sanda Kaufman
Michael Elliott
Deborah Shmueli
June 2013
Original Publication September 2003, updated June 2013 by Heidi Burgess
What Frames Are
Frames are cognitive shortcuts that people use to help make
sense of complex information. Frames help us to interpret the
world around us and represent that world to others. They help
us organize complex phenomena into coherent, understandable
categories. When we label a phenomenon, we give meaning to
some aspects of what is observed, while discounting other
aspects because they appear irrelevant or counter-intuitive.
Thus, frames provide meaning through selective simplification,
by filtering people's perceptions and providing them with a field
of vision for a problem.
Frames can significantly affect the intractability of a conflict by
creating mutually incompatible interpretations of events.
Because frames are built upon underlying structures of beliefs,
values, and experiences, disputants often construct frames that
differ in significant ways. A simple example is attitudes towards abortion in the US. "Pro-life"
advocates believe abortion is murder of an innocent, unborn child which has as much right
to live as anyone else--thus they see the fetus as a person, and abortion as a willful act that
murders a person. "Pro-choice" advocates, however, do not see the fetus as a "person" with
human rights--not until it becomes "viable" outside the womb, at any rate. Before then, they
focus on the rights of the mother, asserting that she should have ultimate control and
"choice" about her medical decisions and what happens to her body.
Fames often exist prior to conscious processing of information for decision-making[1] and
affect subsequent individual decisions.[2] Thus, disputants are separated not only by
differences in interests, beliefs, and values, but also in how they perceive and understand
the world, both at a conscious and pre-conscious level.[3]
Frames, Framing and Reframing http://www.beyondintractability.org/print/2467
1 of 10 12/12/16, 5:57 AM
Additional insights into
Framing involves both the construction of interpretive frames and their representation to
others. Disputants may use framing not only as an aid to interpreting events, but also to
promote strategic advantage.[4] Framing can be useful for ration.
Presentation on Book "Politics Among Nations" by Hans J. MorgenthauUroojilyas3
This Presentation is on the Book by Hans J. Morgenthau, known as Politics Among Nations.
This Presentation tells about a Chapter wise review and Summary of every chapter.
This book talks about the Elements of Power for a Country.
A new model of perfectly competitive monopolist competition when products and factors are a perfectly differentiated continuum of points. General Equilibrium is found to be a soliton (a continuum of fixed points), not a single fixed point as presently conceived in the literature. Further, the general equilibrium core surface is found to be a tension minimizing minimal surface. An application of mathematical economics and welfare economics to be submitted to Economic Letters. Copyright, September 7, 2019, Richard
Anthony Baum, Santa Barbara. California, USA, which copyright will be relinquished upon publication.
Helicoid as a Production Minimal Surface and a new original condition called the Product Exhaustion Law for General Equilibrium in a Neoclassical economy which too implies given an isothermal graph of marginal revenue as a function of Capital and Labor, such a surface too is a minimal surface which minimizes tension among resource owners in general equilibrium. Samuelson and Morgan are cited as references.
Terrorism has become a global phenomenon with a 61% increase in the number of people killed in terrorist attacks over the last year. The 2014 Global Terrorism Index provides a fact-based understanding of terrorism and its impact.
There is an urgent need for world community to fight terrorism together. There can not be good terrorist and bad terrorist A terrorist is a terrorist
Review Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Poli.docxAASTHA76
Review: Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy
Reviewed Work(s): The Perils of Anarchy: Contemporary Realism and International
Security by Michael E. Brown; Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobilization,
and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958 by Thomas J. Christensen; Deadly Imbalances:
Tripolarity and Hitler's Strategy of World Conquest by Randall L. Schweller; The Elusive
Balance: Power and Perceptions during the Cold War by William Curti Wohlforth; From
Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America's World Role by Fareed Zakaria
Review by: Gideon Rose
Source: World Politics, Vol. 51, No. 1 (Oct., 1998), pp. 144-172
Published by: Cambridge University Press
Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25054068
Accessed: 12-08-2018 23:50 UTC
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide
range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and
facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
https://about.jstor.org/terms
Cambridge University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to World Politics
This content downloaded from 76.109.204.44 on Sun, 12 Aug 2018 23:50:44 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
Review Article
NEOCLASSICAL REALISM AND
THEORIES OF FOREIGN POLICY
By GIDEON ROSE*
Michael E. Brown et al., eds. The Perils of Anarchy: Contemporary Realism and
International Security. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995, 519 pp.
Thomas J. Christensen. Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobiliza
tion, and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958. Princeton: Princeton Univer
sity Press, 1996, 319 pp.
Randall L. Schweller. Deadly Imbalances: Tripolarity and Hitlers Strategy of
World Conquest. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998,267 pp.
William Curti Wohlforth. The Elusive Balance: Power and Perceptions during
the Cold War. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993, 317 pp.
Fareed Zakaria. From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of Americas World
Role. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998,199 pp.
FOR two decades international relations theory has been dominated by the debate between neorealists and their various critics.1 Much
of the skirmishing has occurred over questions about the nature of the
international system and its effect on patterns of international out
comes such as war and peace. Thus scholars have disputed whether a
multipolar system generates more conflict than a bipolar one, or
* For support, criticisms, and suggestions regarding earlier versions of this essay I am grateful to
Richard Berts, Michael Desch, Michael Doyle, Aaron Friedberg, Philip Gordon, Ethan Kapstein, Jeff
Legro, Sean Lynn-Jones, Andrew Moravcsik, Kenne.
A riot is at bottom thelanguage of the unheard.-- Martin.docxbartholomeocoombs
"A riot is at bottom the
language of the unheard."
-- Martin Luther King, Jr.,
American civil rights
leader, 1967
"[Rioters] are lawbreakers,
destroyers of
constitutional rights and
liberties and ultimately
destroyers of a free
America." -- Lyndon B.
Johnson, American
president, 1965
Published on Beyond Intractability (http://www.beyondintractability.org)
Home > Frames, Framing and Reframing
Frames, Framing and Reframing
Frames are the way we see things and define what we see. Similar to the way a new frame
can entirely change the way we view a photograph, reframing can change the way disputing
parties understand and pursue their conflict.
Frames, Framing and Reframing
By
Sanda Kaufman
Michael Elliott
Deborah Shmueli
June 2013
Original Publication September 2003, updated June 2013 by Heidi Burgess
What Frames Are
Frames are cognitive shortcuts that people use to help make
sense of complex information. Frames help us to interpret the
world around us and represent that world to others. They help
us organize complex phenomena into coherent, understandable
categories. When we label a phenomenon, we give meaning to
some aspects of what is observed, while discounting other
aspects because they appear irrelevant or counter-intuitive.
Thus, frames provide meaning through selective simplification,
by filtering people's perceptions and providing them with a field
of vision for a problem.
Frames can significantly affect the intractability of a conflict by
creating mutually incompatible interpretations of events.
Because frames are built upon underlying structures of beliefs,
values, and experiences, disputants often construct frames that
differ in significant ways. A simple example is attitudes towards abortion in the US. "Pro-life"
advocates believe abortion is murder of an innocent, unborn child which has as much right
to live as anyone else--thus they see the fetus as a person, and abortion as a willful act that
murders a person. "Pro-choice" advocates, however, do not see the fetus as a "person" with
human rights--not until it becomes "viable" outside the womb, at any rate. Before then, they
focus on the rights of the mother, asserting that she should have ultimate control and
"choice" about her medical decisions and what happens to her body.
Fames often exist prior to conscious processing of information for decision-making[1] and
affect subsequent individual decisions.[2] Thus, disputants are separated not only by
differences in interests, beliefs, and values, but also in how they perceive and understand
the world, both at a conscious and pre-conscious level.[3]
Frames, Framing and Reframing http://www.beyondintractability.org/print/2467
1 of 10 12/12/16, 5:57 AM
Additional insights into
Framing involves both the construction of interpretive frames and their representation to
others. Disputants may use framing not only as an aid to interpreting events, but also to
promote strategic advantage.[4] Framing can be useful for ration.
Presentation on Book "Politics Among Nations" by Hans J. MorgenthauUroojilyas3
This Presentation is on the Book by Hans J. Morgenthau, known as Politics Among Nations.
This Presentation tells about a Chapter wise review and Summary of every chapter.
This book talks about the Elements of Power for a Country.
A new model of perfectly competitive monopolist competition when products and factors are a perfectly differentiated continuum of points. General Equilibrium is found to be a soliton (a continuum of fixed points), not a single fixed point as presently conceived in the literature. Further, the general equilibrium core surface is found to be a tension minimizing minimal surface. An application of mathematical economics and welfare economics to be submitted to Economic Letters. Copyright, September 7, 2019, Richard
Anthony Baum, Santa Barbara. California, USA, which copyright will be relinquished upon publication.
Helicoid as a Production Minimal Surface and a new original condition called the Product Exhaustion Law for General Equilibrium in a Neoclassical economy which too implies given an isothermal graph of marginal revenue as a function of Capital and Labor, such a surface too is a minimal surface which minimizes tension among resource owners in general equilibrium. Samuelson and Morgan are cited as references.
A valid production model which forms a minimal surface in economics. Though UCLA, Harvard and the University of California at Santa Barbara have been notified, it will likely be relegated to the dustbins of history without some proper incentive structure.
A model that possibly analytically predicts the future within a small neighborhood (half an epsilon distance) of an open set within the field of economic forecasting. Key to the analysis is a geodesic Budget Constraint in one dimension and the economy being a two dimensional minimal surface economy embedded in three dimensions.
2018 Letter to Regents of UC sent with copy of alleged perjured or at least non-executed 1972 UC Santa Barbara Police Department speeding citation. Santa Barbara County District Attorney's Office expressed no interest upon being alerted by telephone. Evidence of UC Police abuse of power and subsequent cover-up.
Copy of Original 1972 alleged perjured UC Santa Barbara Citation. License plate number was bogus and the citation not executed in my presence. I knew something was wrong, but I was not a lawyer. Public Defenders did not exist yet in Santa Barbara County for non-capital offenses. The officer told me to take him to court if I thought he was wrong. This intimidated me with the thought he was fairly certain he was right. In retrospect, he was obviously wrong. At hearing, Judge failed to catch that in retrospect this was a bogus citation, for which I intend to hold the Regents of UC accountable. Having no experience in law, Judge allowed me to plead Guilty with an Explanation to a charge that in retrospect should have been dismissed and the officer disciplined.
A truthful account of an unfortunate event for the Regents of UC. Officer failed to execute the alleged perjured citation. Judge at hearing failed to inform defendant the citation was not properly executed. Public Defenders were available at the time in Santa Barbara County for only Capital Offenses, not the misdemeanor with which the defendant was charged.
A Robert Bacon Cautionary Tale about suborning false authority within a youth's milieu following meeting a University of California Regents' Attorney in the Philadelphia Art Museum in June, 1998.
Further empirical evidence corruption leads to cover-ups, based on historical fact. Ideally, a whistle blower would expose it to the public and legal system for remediation.
An empirical investigation of how corruption leads to the snuffing of innocence, based on historical fact. Only the names have been changed to protect the innocent.
Isothermal minimal surface economies by Richard Anthony Baum
Oceanic Games of Terror
1. Richard A. Baum February 2, 2007
Oceanic Games of Terror
Consider a continuum of the political spectrum ranging from pacifist to terrorist.
Suppose a type pre-orders political type on the open interval (0, 1). One person’s type is self
known but is not known to others in the global political world. In an attempt to form a polis
based on type and pre-order, suppose an individual may engage in some observable signaling
activity such as organizing a peace rally or destroying the World Trade Center. Suppose
signals may also be pre-ordered on the open interval (0, 1) by a type. To begin with, nobody
knows who is who nor what the distribution is of the terms of bargaining between types.
Choosing signals may evolve a metric which is some measure of distance between
types or a measure of the distance between typical activities of different types. A heuristic
step is to model the flow and evolution of this metric according to the Ricci flow. The Ricci
flow involves two terms: a reaction term and a diffusion term. The reaction term, say during
a crisis, tends to concentrate curvature surrounding a type: picturesquely, the concentration
of curvature surrounding a type in a crisis may be seen as drawing the wagons in a tighter
circle for protection against terrorists, or terrorist cells concentrating in smaller circles of
influence. The diffusion term tends to disperse concentration of curvature and is felt as the
crisis subsides and normalcy sets in again: picturesquely, the wagons unwind and begin their
journey West again or members of terrorist cells start associating with outsiders again.
Competition or conflict evolves the flow of the metric (the Ricci flow). In pre-
modern times, the types would sort themselves out into poleis or nation-states, seeking to
minimize tension within their state by so associating. In a global political world, such
separation to ease internal tension may no longer be viable, precipitating bargaining.