Obturation of Root Canal System. .pptx

1. OBTURATION OF ROOT CANAL
SYSTEM
ARAAK ORAL & DENTAL
CARE

2. OBTURATION OF ROOT CANAL
SYSTEM
Obturate means to fill the shaped and disinfected canal with a
temporary or permanent filling material.
It can be achieved by using:
 cements,
pastes,
plastics,
solids
Gutta-percha

3. WHY TO OBTURATE?
it is difficult to consistently and totally disinfect root canal systems.
Therefore, the goal of three-dimensional (3-D) obturation is
to provide an impermeable fluid tight seal within the entire
root canal system, to prevent oral and apical microleakage.

4. OBJECTIVES OF OBTURATION
ARE:
 Elimination of coronal leakage of microorganisms or potential
nutrients
 To confine any residual microorganisms
 To prevent percolation of periapical fluids

6. TIMING OF OBTURATION
No Sensitivity on percussion
No Purulent Exudates
Single visit vs multi visit
Vital Pulp Tissue …..OK
Necrotic Pulp Tissue….. YES/NO

Single-visit endodontics can be done if tooth is asymptomatic

7. EXTENT OF ROOT CANAL FILLING
‰
. Anatomic limit of pulp space is cementodentinal junction (CDJ)
apically and pulp chamber coronally.
 Kuttler (1995) described CDJ as minor apical diameter.
 According to Cohen, apical point of termination should be 1 mm
from the radiographic apex.

8. AN IDEAL OBTURATION
SHOULD
‰
. Fill the entire root canal three dimensionally as close to CDJ as
possible
‰
. Reflect a continuously tapered funnel same as external root
morphology
‰
. Radiographically appear as 3-D filling that extends close
to CDJ

11. 10 REQUIREMENTS FOR AN IDEAL
ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIAL:
GROSSMAN (1982)
1. Easily introduced into root canal
2. Seal the canal laterally as well as apically
3. Not shrink after being inserted
4. Impervious to moisture
5. Bacteriostatic or at least do not encourage bacterial growth
6. Radiopaque
7. Nonstaining the tooth structure
8. Nonirritating
9. Sterile/easily sterilized immediately before obturation
10. Easily removed from the root canal if necessary

12. GUTTA-PERCHA
Gutta-percha is derived from two words:
“GETAH”—meaning gum
“PERTJA”—name of the tree in Malay language
Gutta-percha was initially used as a restorative material and later developed
into an indispensable endodontic filling material.
Being biologically inert, resilient, and electric insulator, it was used for various
purposes such as:
coating the transatlantic telegraph cable
cores of golf balls
Handles of knives
splints for holding fractured joints
to control hemorrhage in extracted sockets
in various skin diseases such as psoriasis and eczema.

14. PHASES OF GUTTA-PERCHA
Natural gutta-percha coming directly from the tree is in α-form
(natural
form) most commercial available product is in β-form (manufactured
form).

15. CLINICAL
CONSIDERATIONS
FOR
GP
 On heating, gutta-percha expands
 Gutta-percha shrinks as it returns to normal temperature.
So, vertical pressure should be applied in all warm guttapercha
 Aging of GP causes brittleness because of the oxidation process.
 cannot be heat sterilized. For disinfection of gutta-percha points,
they should be immersed in 5.25% NaOCl for 1 min.
 After this, gutta-percha should be rinsed in hydrogen peroxide or
ethyl alcohol to remove crystallized NaOCl before obturation.

16. CONT…
 Gutta-percha should always be used with sealer and cement to seal
root canal space as gutta-percha lacks adhering qualities
 Gutta-percha is soluble in certain solvents like chloroform,
eucalyptus oil, etc.
This property can be used to plasticize gutta-percha by treating it
with the solvent for
better filling in the canal.
But it has shown that guttapercha shrinks (1–2%) when solidified
 Gutta-percha also shows some tissue irritation which is due to high
content of zinc oxide

19. ROOT CANAL SEALERS
Purpose of sealing root canals is to prevent periapical exudates from
diffusing into the unfilled part of the canal,
To avoid re-entry and colonization of bacteria and to check
residual bacteria from reaching the periapical tissues.
sealer is used only as adjunct material in obturation

20. REQUIREMENTS OF AN IDEAL
ROOT CANAL SEALER
Tacky when mixed
Able to create hermetic seal
Radiopaque
very fine powder particles
Not shrink upon setting
Nonstaining to tooth structure
Bacteriostatic
Set slowly
Insoluble in tissue fluids
 Nonirritating to periradicular tissue
Soluble in a common solvent
not provoke an immune response in
periradicular tissue
 It should be neither mutagenic nor
carcinogenic

23. OBTURATION TECHNIQUES
There are two basic procedures:
1. Lateral compaction of cold gutta-percha
2. Vertical compaction of warm gutta-percha
Other methods are the variations of
warmed guttapercha technique.

26. TRADITIONAL SEALERS
SHORTCOMINGS
Traditional sealers have serious shortcomings in that they generally:
oshrink on setting
owash out in the presence of tissue fluids
odo not bond to the gutta-percha core material, leaving gaps
NOTE:
microbes are able to travel throughout the length of the canal in 2 h
if only gutta-percha is present in the canal without sealer, The
leakage can be delayed for up to 30 days with the use of a sealer.