面向对象与生活

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The document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts and design principles including polymorphism, inheritance, abstraction and encapsulation. It provides examples of applying these concepts when modeling real-world entities like vehicles, animals that can bark and cargo that can be paid for. Design patterns like singleton, factory and observer are also covered with examples shown in C#.

Billy Gao
gaoxiang@5173.com

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1.

2.

3.

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1.

2.

3.

1)

2)

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…

1.

2.

1)

2)

3)

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Polymorphism

——

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Polymorphism

——

a. overload
b. override

override

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public abstract class Animal
{
public abstract string Bark();
}

public class Cat : Animal
{
public override string Bark()
{ return “ ”}
}

public class Dog : Animal
{
public override string Bark()
{ return “ ”}
}

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11

public abstract class Animal public interface IBarkable
{ {
public abstract string Bark(); string Bark();
} }

public class Cat : Animal public class Cat : IBarkable
{ {
public override string Bark() public string Bark()
{ return “ ”} { return “ ”}
} }

public class Dog : Animal public class Dog : IBarkable
{ {
public override string Bark() public string Bark()
{ return “ ”} { return “ ”}
} }

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is a

is an animal.

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is a

is an animal.

can bark.

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•
•
•
•

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•
•
•
•

public class Cargo
{
public string Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
}

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•
•
•
•

public class Cargo public class PaymentService
{ {
public string Id { get; set; } public void Pay(Cargo cargo)
public string Name { get; set; } {
public decimal Price { get; set; } //
} }
}

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13

…

2000 300.

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public class Cargo
{
public string Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
public enum CargoType { get; set; } //
public double Discount { get; set; } //
}

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…

PaymentService
Cargo

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…

PaymentService
Cargo

Cargo

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…

Cargo

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18

…

Cargo

public interface IChargable
{
void Pay();
}

*All rights reserved by 5173
18

…

Cargo

public interface IChargable
{
void Pay();
}

public abstract class Cargo : IChargable
{
public string Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
public enum CargoType { get; set; }
public double Discount { get; set; }

public abstract void Pay();
}

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…

Cargo

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…

Cargo

public class Book : Cargo
{
public override void Pay() { // 8 }
}

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19

…

Cargo

public class Book : Cargo
{
public override void Pay() { // 8 }
}

public class ElecEquip : Cargo
{
public override void Pay() { // 2000 300 }
}

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•
•
•

•

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User.Sit(Chair
chair)

Chair.Sit(User
user)

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…

24*7

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1.

2.

3.

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…

Y

X

Z

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Hibernate

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cargo.Pay();

Time

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cargo.Pay();

Paying

Time

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cargo.Pay();

Paying Paid
Time

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I.
C#

II. C#

III.

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IV.

Design Patterns Explained

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1.

2.

3.

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Level0 Level1 Level2 Level3 …

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a1 = F(a0);

an+1 = F’(an) (n > 0);

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a1 = F(a0);

an+1 = F’(an) (n > 0);

a1 = F(a0);

*All rights reserved by 5173
40

a1 = F(a0);

an+1 = F’(an) (n > 0);

a1 = F(a0);

an+1 = F’(an) (n > 0);

*All rights reserved by 5173
40

Level 0

*All rights reserved by 5173
41

Level 0

Level 1

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41

Level 0

Level 1

Level 2

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41

Level 0

Level 1

Level 2

Object Level N

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Level 0

Level 1

Level 2

Person Level N-1

Object Level N

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41

Level 0

Level 1

Level 2

Employee Manager Level N-2

Person Level N-1

Object Level N

*All rights reserved by 5173
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Level 0

Level 1

Level 2

Employee Manager Level N-2

Person Level N-1

OOP a1 Object Level N

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面向对象与生活

22. public abstract class Animal { public abstract string Bark(); } public class Cat : Animal { public override string Bark() { return “ ”} } public class Dog : Animal { public override string Bark() { return “ ”} } *All rights reserved by 5173 11

23. public abstract class Animal public interface IBarkable { { public abstract string Bark(); string Bark(); } } public class Cat : Animal public class Cat : IBarkable { { public override string Bark() public string Bark() { return “ ”} { return “ ”} } } public class Dog : Animal public class Dog : IBarkable { { public override string Bark() public string Bark() { return “ ”} { return “ ”} } } *All rights reserved by 5173 11

32. • • • • public class Cargo public class PaymentService { { public string Id { get; set; } public void Pay(Cargo cargo) public string Name { get; set; } { public decimal Price { get; set; } // } } } *All rights reserved by 5173 13

36. public class Cargo { public string Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; set; } public enum CargoType { get; set; } // public double Discount { get; set; } // } *All rights reserved by 5173 16

37. public class Cargo { public string Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; set; } public enum CargoType { get; set; } // public double Discount { get; set; } // } public class PaymentService { public void Pay(Cargo cargo) { // CargoType Discount } } *All rights reserved by 5173 16

44. … Cargo public interface IChargable { void Pay(); } public abstract class Cargo : IChargable { public string Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; set; } public enum CargoType { get; set; } public double Discount { get; set; } public abstract void Pay(); } *All rights reserved by 5173 18

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