Kubernetes won the containers orchestration war. But has it made deploying your apps easier? Let's explore some of Kubernetes extensive app developer tooling, but mainly what the PaaS space looks like in 2024; 17 years after Heroku made it popular. Is Heroku still around? What about Cloud Foundry? And what are those new comers (fly.io, repl.it) worth? Did the Cloud giants replace them all?

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Not a Kubernetes fan?
The state of PaaS in 2024
Anthony Dahanne, Software Engineer @ Broadcom
@anthonydahanne@framapiaf.org
https://blog.dahanne.net
April 11th 2024 @ DevNexus

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All Rights Reserved. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
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Your presenter for this session
Paketo and CloudFoundry Java buildpacks maintainer based in Montréal, QC, Canada
Montreal JUG co-lead Devoxx4kids QC co-lead CNCF Eastern Canada co-organizer
But also community leader!

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This is an opiniated presentation!
• I will NOT cover
• Pricing and comparison in detail
• Frontend Dev. Platforms (I’ll focus on Java Spring backend)
• All PaaS that exist in the world (but some though 😅)
• I am biased
• Towards CloudFoundry and Paketo Buildpacks ❤️🏆
• And VMware Tanzu PaaS 👨💼

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All Rights Reserved. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
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Agenda
• Deploying applications on Kubernetes...
• PaaS: the (demo) app and the technologies used
• CloudFoundry buildpacks
• Cloud Native (CNCF) buildpacks and Paketo
• NixOS and NixPacks
• Others?
• Take aways

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Deploying apps to
Kubernetes…
Are “app-batteries” included?

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Deployment
It all starts with a pod…
But it gets complicated…
Pod
JVM Based app
App Service
StatefulSet
DB Service
API Gateway
Pod
Ingress
Controller
TLS termination
Certificates rotation
Authorization
Authentication
Circuit breaker
Rate limiting
Postgresql
secrets

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Deployment
Or did that start with the source code?
But it gets complicated…
Pod
JVM Based app
V1
Deployment
Pod
JVM Based app
V2
pom.xml
src/main/resources
src/main/java
Container Image
main.class
app.yml
image:v1
image:v2
Image Registry
rollout.yml
GitOps
Controller
Dockerfile?
Jib?
(Paketo) Buildpacks?

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There are some developers' tools to help…
• Tools to trigger build and redeploy after source code is changed
• Skaffold
• Tilt.dev (now part of Docker)
• DevSpace.sh
• Tool to run a local process into a (remote) K8s cluster
• Telepresence

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Platform as a Service
Deploy apps without complexity
• Higher-level abstraction for deploying applications
• Abstraction of the cloud provider / infrastructure
• Tooling (buildpacks) to “magically” turn your code into a
running process (in a pod or not)
• Connectors to “magically” bind your app to services

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The app we’ll use for the deployment demos
Hello meetups-calendar !

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The app we’ll use for the deployment demos
Hello meetups-calendar !
Postgresql
meetups-calendar
Spring Boot 🍃
Based app
explorer/feeder
Spring Boot 🍃
Based app
http
ical subscription
Calendar WebUI
http
REST PUT new events
JDBC
SQL / JPA

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The challengers!
Specialized PaaS providers

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The challengers!
Cloud Providers PaaS

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The challengers!
Running on your own infrastructure PaaS

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Take aways

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Trends are forming for PaaS in 2024
• Most are not trying to compete with Cloud Providers anymore
• They embrace them (Tanzu, Porter)
• Modern PaaS “magically” build your app –with OSS xPacks!
• Allow them to inject specific libraries for your needs (agents, auto configurers)
• Modern PaaS “magically” bind services to your app
• With either environment variables or mounted configuration files

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Thank You
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🏃♂️And let’s run to the raffle! 🎁💝