Firewalls is an information security program that prevents specific type of information between the outside world and the inside world.
VPN Technology is a secure and separate network, which allows users connect to the internet through an encrypted tunnel by encapsulating the packet.
A VPN creates a secure connection over a public network like the Internet by using encryption, authentication, and tunneling. It allows remote users to securely access a private network. There are different VPN protocols like PPTP, L2TP, and IPsec that use encryption, encapsulation, and authentication to securely tunnel network traffic over the public Internet. VPNs can be used for remote access VPNs, intranet VPNs between offices, or extranet VPNs for partners and suppliers.
VPN allows for secure communication over public networks through tunneling protocols like PPTP, L2TP, and IPsec. There are three main types of VPN implementations: intranet within an organization, extranet between an organization and outside users, and remote access for mobile users. VPNs provide advantages like reducing costs of long-distance lines and charges while allowing flexibility and efficiency. However, they also have disadvantages like requiring expertise in security issues and performance depending on external factors. Industries like healthcare, manufacturing, retail, and banking commonly use VPNs to securely transfer private information between locations.
Overview of VPN protocols.
VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) are often viewed from the perspective of security with the goal of providing authentication and confidentiality.
However, the primary purpose of VPNs is to connect 2 topologically separated private networks over a public network (typically the Internet).
VPNs basically hook a network logically into another network so that both appear as one private local network.
Security is a possible add-on to VPNs. In many cases it makes perfectly sense to secure the VPNs communication over the unsecure public network.
VPN protocols typically employ a tunnel where data packets of the local network are encapsulated in an outer protocol for transmission over the public network.
The most important VPN protocols are IPSec, PPTP and L2TP. In recent years SSL/TLS based VPNs such as OpenVPN have gained widespread adoption.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
A VPN creates a secure connection over a public network like the Internet by using encryption, authentication, and tunneling. It allows remote users to securely access a private network. There are different VPN protocols like PPTP, L2TP, and IPsec that use encryption, encapsulation, and authentication to securely tunnel network traffic over the public Internet. VPNs can be used for remote access VPNs, intranet VPNs between offices, or extranet VPNs for partners and suppliers.
VPN allows for secure communication over public networks through tunneling protocols like PPTP, L2TP, and IPsec. There are three main types of VPN implementations: intranet within an organization, extranet between an organization and outside users, and remote access for mobile users. VPNs provide advantages like reducing costs of long-distance lines and charges while allowing flexibility and efficiency. However, they also have disadvantages like requiring expertise in security issues and performance depending on external factors. Industries like healthcare, manufacturing, retail, and banking commonly use VPNs to securely transfer private information between locations.
Overview of VPN protocols.
VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) are often viewed from the perspective of security with the goal of providing authentication and confidentiality.
However, the primary purpose of VPNs is to connect 2 topologically separated private networks over a public network (typically the Internet).
VPNs basically hook a network logically into another network so that both appear as one private local network.
Security is a possible add-on to VPNs. In many cases it makes perfectly sense to secure the VPNs communication over the unsecure public network.
VPN protocols typically employ a tunnel where data packets of the local network are encapsulated in an outer protocol for transmission over the public network.
The most important VPN protocols are IPSec, PPTP and L2TP. In recent years SSL/TLS based VPNs such as OpenVPN have gained widespread adoption.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Understanding User Behavior with Google Analytics.pdfSEO Article Boost
Unlocking the full potential of Google Analytics is crucial for understanding and optimizing your website’s performance. This guide dives deep into the essential aspects of Google Analytics, from analyzing traffic sources to understanding user demographics and tracking user engagement.
Traffic Sources Analysis:
Discover where your website traffic originates. By examining the Acquisition section, you can identify whether visitors come from organic search, paid campaigns, direct visits, social media, or referral links. This knowledge helps in refining marketing strategies and optimizing resource allocation.
User Demographics Insights:
Gain a comprehensive view of your audience by exploring demographic data in the Audience section. Understand age, gender, and interests to tailor your marketing strategies effectively. Leverage this information to create personalized content and improve user engagement and conversion rates.
Tracking User Engagement:
Learn how to measure user interaction with your site through key metrics like bounce rate, average session duration, and pages per session. Enhance user experience by analyzing engagement metrics and implementing strategies to keep visitors engaged.
Conversion Rate Optimization:
Understand the importance of conversion rates and how to track them using Google Analytics. Set up Goals, analyze conversion funnels, segment your audience, and employ A/B testing to optimize your website for higher conversions. Utilize ecommerce tracking and multi-channel funnels for a detailed view of your sales performance and marketing channel contributions.
Custom Reports and Dashboards:
Create custom reports and dashboards to visualize and interpret data relevant to your business goals. Use advanced filters, segments, and visualization options to gain deeper insights. Incorporate custom dimensions and metrics for tailored data analysis. Integrate external data sources to enrich your analytics and make well-informed decisions.
This guide is designed to help you harness the power of Google Analytics for making data-driven decisions that enhance website performance and achieve your digital marketing objectives. Whether you are looking to improve SEO, refine your social media strategy, or boost conversion rates, understanding and utilizing Google Analytics is essential for your success.
Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to Indiadavidjhones387
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
Gen Z and the marketplaces - let's translate their needsLaura Szabó
The product workshop focused on exploring the requirements of Generation Z in relation to marketplace dynamics. We delved into their specific needs, examined the specifics in their shopping preferences, and analyzed their preferred methods for accessing information and making purchases within a marketplace. Through the study of real-life cases , we tried to gain valuable insights into enhancing the marketplace experience for Generation Z.
The workshop was held on the DMA Conference in Vienna June 2024.
Instagram has become one of the most popular social media platforms, allowing people to share photos, videos, and stories with their followers. Sometimes, though, you might want to view someone's story without them knowing.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Understanding User Behavior with Google Analytics.pdfSEO Article Boost
Unlocking the full potential of Google Analytics is crucial for understanding and optimizing your website’s performance. This guide dives deep into the essential aspects of Google Analytics, from analyzing traffic sources to understanding user demographics and tracking user engagement.
Traffic Sources Analysis:
Discover where your website traffic originates. By examining the Acquisition section, you can identify whether visitors come from organic search, paid campaigns, direct visits, social media, or referral links. This knowledge helps in refining marketing strategies and optimizing resource allocation.
User Demographics Insights:
Gain a comprehensive view of your audience by exploring demographic data in the Audience section. Understand age, gender, and interests to tailor your marketing strategies effectively. Leverage this information to create personalized content and improve user engagement and conversion rates.
Tracking User Engagement:
Learn how to measure user interaction with your site through key metrics like bounce rate, average session duration, and pages per session. Enhance user experience by analyzing engagement metrics and implementing strategies to keep visitors engaged.
Conversion Rate Optimization:
Understand the importance of conversion rates and how to track them using Google Analytics. Set up Goals, analyze conversion funnels, segment your audience, and employ A/B testing to optimize your website for higher conversions. Utilize ecommerce tracking and multi-channel funnels for a detailed view of your sales performance and marketing channel contributions.
Custom Reports and Dashboards:
Create custom reports and dashboards to visualize and interpret data relevant to your business goals. Use advanced filters, segments, and visualization options to gain deeper insights. Incorporate custom dimensions and metrics for tailored data analysis. Integrate external data sources to enrich your analytics and make well-informed decisions.
This guide is designed to help you harness the power of Google Analytics for making data-driven decisions that enhance website performance and achieve your digital marketing objectives. Whether you are looking to improve SEO, refine your social media strategy, or boost conversion rates, understanding and utilizing Google Analytics is essential for your success.
Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to Indiadavidjhones387
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
Gen Z and the marketplaces - let's translate their needsLaura Szabó
The product workshop focused on exploring the requirements of Generation Z in relation to marketplace dynamics. We delved into their specific needs, examined the specifics in their shopping preferences, and analyzed their preferred methods for accessing information and making purchases within a marketplace. Through the study of real-life cases , we tried to gain valuable insights into enhancing the marketplace experience for Generation Z.
The workshop was held on the DMA Conference in Vienna June 2024.
Instagram has become one of the most popular social media platforms, allowing people to share photos, videos, and stories with their followers. Sometimes, though, you might want to view someone's story without them knowing.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...
Next Generation Firewalls and VPN Technology
1. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATICS
A report on
Next Generation Firewalls
&
VPN Technology
Date: 10/02/2017
Course: Information Security
Course Code: INFT 308
3. Next Generation Firewalls and VPN Technology | 3
ABSTRACT
Next Generation Firewalls
Next-generation firewalls (NGFWs) have developed out of necessity in today’s computing
environments, where malware attacks have grown in sophistication and intensity and have
found ways of exploiting weaknesses in traditional firewalls. Because the firewall is the first
line of defence against such attacks, and protection of the corporate network is of the utmost
importance, it stands to reason that firewalls have evolved as well to meet the threat. Where
traditional firewalls have fallen down is in their inability to inspect the data payload of
network packets and their lack of granular intelligence in distinguishing different kinds of
web traffic. With most network traffic using web protocols, traditional firewalls cannot
distinguish between legitimate business applications and attacks, so they must either allow all
or reject all. Clearly, something beyond a traditional firewall was needed that could carry out
advanced security functions without impacting the latency of the network, which is what led
to the development of NGFWs.
4. Next Generation Firewalls and VPN Technology | 4
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT............................................................................................3
CHAPTER ONE – NEXT GENERATION FIREWALLS................................5
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................5
Firewalls ...............................................................................................5
Next Generation Firewalls......................................................................6
Next generation firewalls services .............................................................7
Application identification.......................................................................7
User identification.................................................................................7
Content identification............................................................................7
Policy control ........................................................................................8
High-performance architecture..............................................................9
Traditional Firewalls and Next-generation Firewalls..................................9
Similarities between the two..................................................................9
Differences between the two ..................................................................9
CHAPTER TWO – VPN TECHNOLOGY ..................................................10
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................11
VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN) TECHNOLOGY...............................12
How a VPN Works?..............................................................................12
What Makes a VPN? ............................................................................13
VPN Technologies ................................................................................14
5. Next Generation Firewalls and VPN Technology | 5
CHAPTER ONE – NEXT GENERATION FIREWALLS
INTRODUCTION
Firewall has been used for many years as something to keep the bad people out of the
corporate network and keeping your data safe. Now, the phrase on the lips of networking
professionals is Next Generation Firewalls, where the safety of the application is king.
The firewall has come a long way since the packet-filtering days of time long past. The first
firewalls were developed by the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) back in the late
1980s. These early firewalls operated mainly on the first four layers of the Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) model, intercepting traffic on the wire and inspecting the properties of
every individual packet to determine if they matched a configured set of rules (source and
destination address and port numbers, for example). These packets would then either be
dropped or forwarded as appropriate. This method of traffic inspection, while rapid, was soon
found to be unnecessarily resource-intensive and led directly to the introduction of circuit-
level firewalls, later known as ―stateful‖ firewalls, pioneered by Check Point Software
Technologies. This first next-generation of firewalls looked deeper into the transport layer
headers and maintained a table of currently active connections allowing the ―state‖ of a
connection (new, active, non-existent) to be used as a part of the rule-set. The introduction of
the stateful firewall led to the packet-filtering firewall, becoming known as stateless.
Firewalls
Antivirus software has been a cornerstone of computers security since the early days of the
Internet; firewalls have been the cornerstone of network security. Applications are the
channel through which everything flows. A vector for our business and personal lives along
with their associated benefits and risks. Such risks include new and emerging threats, data
leakage, and noncompliance. Traditional firewalls operate, why they cannot meet today’s
application and threat challenges, and how data leakage and compliance issues are defining
network security and the need for a better firewall.
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Most firewalls are configured to allow all traffic originating from the trusted network to pass
through to the untrusted network, unless it is explicitly blocked by a rule. For example, the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) might be explicitly blocked to prevent
certain network information from being inadvertently transmitted to the Internet.
Port-based firewalls have poor vision
Figure 1: Port-based firewalls can’t see or control applications
Firewalls see all traffic and, therefore, are the ideal resource to provide rough access control.
The problem, however, is that most firewalls are ―far-sighted.‖ They can see the general
shape of things, but not the finer details of what is actually happening. This is because they
operate by inferring the application-layer service that a given stream of traffic is associated
with, based on the port number used in the packet’s header, and they only look at the first
packet in a session to determine the type of traffic being processed, typically to improve
performance. The net result is that traditional, ―port-based‖ firewalls have basically gone
blind. Besides being unable to account for common evasion techniques such as port hopping,
protocol tunnelling, and the use of nonstandard ports, these firewalls simply lack the visibility
and intelligence to discern which network traffic.
Next Generation Firewalls
A next-generation firewall is application-aware deal in ports and protocols, next-generation
firewalls drill into traffic to identify the applications traversing the network. Passing through
it, taking action to block traffic that might exploit Web application vulnerabilities.
To restore the firewall as the cornerstone of network security, next-generation firewalls “fix
the problem at its core.” Next-generation firewalls classify traffic by the application’s
identity in order to enable visibility and control of all types of applications running on
networks. The essential functional requirements for an effective next-generation firewall
include the ability to:
Identify applications regardless of port, protocol, evasive techniques.
Accurately identify users and subsequently use identity information as an attribute for
policy control.
Provide real-time protection against a wide array of threats, including those operating
at the application layer.
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Integrate, not just combine, traditional firewall and network intrusion prevention
capabilities.
Support multi-gigabit, in-line deployments with negligible performance degradation.
NEXT GENERATION FIREWALLS SERVICES
Application identification
Application protocol detection and decryption.
Application protocol decoding.
Application signatures.
Heuristics
Figure 2: Application-centric traffic classification identifies Figure 3: NGFW techniques used to identify applications
applications flowing across the network, irrespective of the regardless of port, protocol, and encryption.
port and protocol in use.
User identification
With user identification, is another powerful mechanism to help control the use of
applications in an intelligent manner. For example, a social networking application
that would otherwise be blocked because of its risky nature can be enabled for individuals or
groups that have a legitimate need to use it, such as the human resources department.
Content identification
Content identification infuses next-generation firewalls with capabilities previously unheard
of in enterprise firewalls, such as real-time prevention of threats within permitted traffic,
control of Web surfing activities, and file and data filtering. Threat prevention: This
component prevents spyware, viruses, and vulnerabilities from penetrating the network,
regardless of the application traffic on which they ride.
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Figure 4: User identification integrates enterprise directories for user-based policies, reporting, and forensic
With content identification, information technology departments gain the ability to stop
threats, reduce inappropriate use of the Internet, and help prevent data leaks all without
having to invest in a pile of additional products and risk appliance.
Figure 5: Content identification unifies content scanning for threats, confidential data, and URL filtering.
Policy control
Identifying the applications in use (application identification), who is using them (user
identification), and what they are using them for (content identification) is an important first
step in learning about the traffic traversing the network. Learning what the application does,
the ports it uses, its underlying technology, and its behaviour is the next step towards making
an informed decision about how to treat the application.
Examples of policy control options in next generation firewalls (NGFWs) include;
Allow or deny
Allow but scan for exploits, viruses, and other threats
Allow based on schedule, users, or groups
Decrypt and inspect
Apply traffic shaping through qualify od service (QoS)
Apply policy-based forwarding
Allow certain application functions
Any combination of the aforementioned
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High-performance architecture
It is important to select a next-generation firewall that is designed from the start to deliver
high performance. There’s also the tremendous traffic volume confronting today’s security
infrastructure, not to mention the latency sensitivity of many applications. Rated throughput
and reasonable latency should be sustainable under heavy loads, even when all application
and threat inspection features are engaged simultaneously, which is the ideal configuration
from a security perspective. This multi-pass approach requires low-level packet processing
Figure 6: Single-pass parallel processing architecture and separate control and data planes provide enterprise
performance.
routines to be repeated numerous times. System resources are used inefficiently and
significant. Next generation technology (NGFW) that uses single-pass architecture eliminates
repetitive handling of packets, reducing the burden placed on hardware and minimizing
latency. Other innovations, such as customized hardware architecture that maintains separate
data and control planes, help provide an enterprise-class solution.
Traditional Firewalls and Next-generation Firewalls
Similarities between the two
Static packet filtering that blocks packets at the point of interface to a network, based on
protocols, ports, or addresses.
Stateful inspection or dynamic packet filtering, which checks every connection on every
interface of a firewall for validity
Port address translation that facilitates the mapping of multiple devices on a LAN to a
single IP address
Differences between the two
According to Gartner, firewall is ―a deep-packet inspection firewall that moves beyond
port/protocol inspection and blocking to add application-level inspection, intrusion
prevention, and bringing intelligence from outside the firewall.‖
Integrated signature-based intrusion prevention system (IPS), which specifies which kinds
of attacks to scan for and report on
Capability to incorporate information from outside the firewall, including directory-based
policies, white lists, and black lists
Secure sockets layer (SSL) decryption to enable identification of undesirable encrypted
applications.
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CHAPTER TWO – VPN TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a communication network which provides secure data
transmission in an unsecured or public network by using any combination of technologies. A
virtual connection is made across the users who are geographically dispersed and networks
over a shared or public network, like the Internet. Even though the data is transmitted in a
public network, VPN provides an impression as if the data is transmitted through private
connection. This paper provides a survey report on VPN security and its technologies.
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INTRODUCTION
A virtual private network (VPN) is the collection of private and public network such as
Internet, and performs secure data transmission. A virtual private network can establish
secured virtual links among different organizations, such as branch offices. It will not provide
any other external service between them and it will not allow any other organization to
interrupt them. A VPN sends data between two systems across a public network in such a
way that the transmitted data is transparent to the other systems connected in the network.
This transparency in data transmission is possible because VPN emulates point to point link
between the two systems. Point to point link is provided by encapsulation of data. Data
encapsulation is done by wrapping the data with a header, which provides routing
information. This process is called as tunnelling.
To provide confidentiality to the encapsulated data, the data is secured by encryption. When
data reaches a tunnel end point, the encapsulated data is decrypted and forwarded to its final
destination point. VPN allows organizations to connect to their branch offices or to other
companies over a public network while maintaining secure communications. The VPN
connection across the Internet logically operates as a wide area network (WAN) link between
the sites. The secure connection across the internet appears to the user as a private network
communication despite the fact that this communication occurs over a public internetwork
hence the name virtual private network.
A typical VPN might have a main local-area network (LAN) at the corporate headquarters of
a company, other LANs at remote offices or facilities, and individual users that connect from
out in the field. A VPN is a private network that uses a public network (usually the Internet)
to connect remote sites or users together. Instead of using a dedicated, real-world connection,
such as leased line, a VPN uses "virtual" connections routed through the Internet from the
company's private network to the remote site or employee.
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VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN) TECHNOLOGY
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a secure and separate network, which let users connect
to the internet through an encrypted tunnel bypassing their public network and securely
transfers their internet data packets through it, VPN is just like a firewall in computers which
protects you from the local area network (LAN) attacks, VPN works as an online firewall to
protect you from all the cyber hazards and attackers, to use a VPN an active connection is
mandatory. VPNs are a mix of various technologies which;
Gives you Anonymity over the internet
Hides your IP address and internet activities from your intrusive security protocol
(ISP) and other snoopers like government surveillance and security agencies
provide internet security and privacy
Let you bypass geo-restrictions and access all the blocked websites when you are
outside your country
Gives you absolute protection from cyber attackers like hackers, spammers, etc.
Let you share files using peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing websites
How a VPN Works?
Virtual Private Network (VPN) uses mix of various technologies like dedicated connection
and encryption protocols to create virtual point-to-point connections and connects you to the
internet through an encrypted tunnel and transmits all your internet data through this tunnel
and the data transmitter is so secure that even if intercepted, the snooper cannot read the data
because of the encryption. This way VPNs can provide you security and anonymity over the
internet which is required when you are torrenting or using peer–to-peer (P2P) file sharing
platforms or to avoid hacking, spamming, snooping by the government and surveillance
agencies and other cyber-attacks. VPNs also let you change your geographical location
without being physically moving to any other country you can show the internet you are in
that country, how? The answer is simple, VPN alters your IP address and let you choose any
country’s server provided by it and changes your IP address to that country’s IP address. This
way you can access all the blocked websites of any country you wish to.
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What Makes a VPN?
There are two common types of VPNs.
Remote-Access VPN: Also called a Virtual Private Dial-up Network (VPDN), this is
a user-to-LAN connection used by a company that has employees who need to connect
to the private network from various remote locations. Typically, a corporation that
wishes to set up a large remote-access VPN provides some form of Internet dial-up
account to their users using an Internet service provider (ISP). The telecommuters can
then dial a 1-800 number to reach the Internet and use their VPN client software to
access the corporate network. Remote-access VPNs permit secure, encrypted
connections between a company's private network and remote users through a third-
party service provider.
Site-to-Site VPN: Through the use of dedicated equipment and large-scale encryption,
a company can connect multiple fixed sites over a public network such as the Internet.
Each site needs only a local connection to the same public network, thereby saving
money on long private leased-lines. Site-to-site VPNs can be further categorized into
intranets or extranets. A site-to-site VPN built between offices of the same company is
said to be an intranet VPN, while a VPN built to connect the company to its partner or
customer is referred to as an extranet VPN.
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A well-designed VPN can greatly benefit a company. For example, it can:
Extend geographic connectivity
Reduce operational costs versus traditional WANs
Reduce transit times and traveling costs for remote users
Improve productivity
Simplify network topology
Provide global networking opportunities
Provide telecommuter support
Provide faster Return On Investment (ROI) than traditional WAN
What features are needed in a well-designed VPN? It should incorporate these items:
Security
Reliability
Scalability
Network Management
Policy Management
VPN Technologies
A well-designed VPN uses several methods in order to keep your connection and data secure.
Data Confidentiality: This is perhaps the most important service provided by any
VPN implementation. Since your private data travels over a public network, data
confidentiality is vital and can be attained by encrypting the data. This is the process
of taking all the data that one computer is sending to another and encoding it into a
form that only the other computer will be able to decode.
Most VPNs use one of these protocols to provide encryption.
o IPsec: Internet Protocol Security Protocol (IPsec)
o PPTP/MPPE — Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE).
o L2TP/IPsec - Layer 2 Tunnelling Protocol (L2TP).
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Data Integrity: While it is important that your data is encrypted over a public
network, it is just as important to verify that it has not been changed while in transit.
For example, IPsec has a mechanism to ensure that the encrypted portion of the
packet, or the entire header and data portion of the packet, has not been tampered
with. If tampering is detected, the packet is dropped.
Data Origin Authentication: It is extremely important to verify the identity of the
source of the data that is sent. This is necessary to guard against a number of attacks
that depend on spoofing the identity of the sender.
Anti-Replay: This is the ability to detect and reject replayed packets and helps
prevent spoofing.
Data Tunnelling/Traffic Flow Confidentiality: Tunneling is the process of
encapsulating an entire packet within another packet and sending it over a network.
Data tunneling is helpful in cases where it is desirable to hide the identity of the
device originating the traffic.
Tunneling requires three different protocols.
o Passenger protocol: the original data that is carried.
o Encapsulating protocol: the protocol that is wrapped around the original
data.
o Carrier protocol: the protocol used by the network over which the
information is traveling.