New Zealand has two main islands - the North Island and South Island. Some key facts: - Capital city is Wellington, largest city is Auckland - First Polynesian settlers were the Maori people between 800-1300 AD, first Europeans were Dutch explorer Abel Tasman in 1642 - Population is over 4 million, with around 10 people for every 39.9 million sheep - Notable natural attractions include glaciers, Milford Sound, and Mount Cook - Unique animals include kiwi, albatross, and moa (extinct bird)