New features in HTML 5.1 include responsive image selection using the <picture> tag and srcset attribute, adding extra hidden information using <details> and <summary> tags, creating reverse link relationships with the rev attribute, and more flexible figure captions using <figcaption> which can now appear anywhere within the <figure> container. HTML 5.1 provides web developers more options for creating versatile web applications and experiences, though browser support for all new features may vary.