NEW CURRENCY OF CHINA.pptx
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The renminbi is the official currency of China issued by the People's Bank of China. Until 2005, the renminbi's value was pegged to the US dollar but it has since transitioned to a managed float against a basket of currencies. Including the renminbi in the IMF's special drawing rights basket in 2016 marked the first time an emerging market currency received this status, reflecting the internationalization of China's currency.
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![INTRODUCTION
The renminbi (abbreviated RMB; simplified Chinese: 人民币; traditional
Chinese: 人民幣; pinyin: About this sound renminbi, IPA: [ʐə
̌ n.mǐn.pî];
lit. 'people's currency'; symbol: 元/¥; code: CNY) is the official currency
of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's reserve
currencies.
The yuan (Chinese: 元; pinyin: yuán) is the basic unit of the renminbi, but
the word is also used to refer to the Chinese currency generally,
especially in international contexts. One yuan divides into ten jiao
(Chinese: 角; pinyin: jiǎo), and a jiao in turn divides into ten fen
(Chinese: 分; pinyin: fen). The renminbi is issued by the People's Bank
of China, the monetary authority of China.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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The document discusses the increasing role and importance of the Chinese yuan (renminbi) in the global monetary system. It outlines the history and development of the yuan currency in China. It then analyzes the yuan's growing status as an international currency, comparing it to the role currently played by the US dollar and euro. The document predicts that the yuan will likely become one of the world's major currencies within the next decade as China's economy continues to grow in size and influence. Chinese authorities are taking steps to increase the yuan's use in international trade and as a reserve currency held by other nations and institutions.
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Discuss the effect of China-'s government control of the value and exc.docx
Discuss the effect of China\'s government control of the value and exchange rate of the Yuan.
Solution
Answer
Most developed countries allow the market to set the value of their currency. China has taken a different approach. Until 2005, the government kept its currency pegged to the dollar, with the central bank buying or selling currency as necessary to ensure that one dollar was worth around 8.2 yuan. Since 2005, the currency has been pegged to a basket of world currencies, and the exchange rate has changed over time, but China still actively manages the currency\'s value on a day-to-day basis.
Currency devaluation is like a nationwide sale. A currency devaluation helps countries sell more exports, boosting the economy. There are thousands of businesses in China that sell goods and services to customers in foreign countries. Their goods are generally priced in China\'s yuan. So if the yuan becomes less valuable relative to other currencies, Chinese imports become cheaper in other countries. Chinese devaluation is also bad for other countries exports.
During 2008 financial crisis, Chinese government believed to intervene in the market to make its currency artificially cheap. A cheap yuan gave Chinese exporters an advantage in world markets.
Currently the Chinese economy is in the midst of an economic slowdown and has suffered from stock market turmoil which is giving pressure on the yuan.
China is slowly moving toward flexible exchange rates. The IMF re-evaluates the currency composition of its SDR basket every five years. In the long run, China hopes to emulate developed economies with fully flexible exchange rates. The yuan will be included in the basket of currencies used by the IMF (reserve currency) in 2016.
But many believes that the yuan’s value will continue to be closely monitored and managed by the PBOC.
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other members of society.
Most importantly, money is the unit of account. In the U.S. that is the dollar. Once there is a unit of account, people
can indeed exchange on credit without the use of physical money. In our YEM economy, this unit of account is the
YEM. The more individuals and businesses participate in the YEM economy, the stronger the YEM is.
Talking about the value of YEM, it is communicated by comparing it with the U.S. Dollar. As of today, 1 YEM is
approximately 10 USD. Let us say you want to buy a pair of shoes worth USD100 at a merchant who is accepting USD
and YEM, you could pay USD100 or YEM10. If you pay with YEM, the merchant will use their YEM to pay for other
goods and services within the YEM economy.
As both currencies, the USD and YEM, hold their value simply because people have faith that other parties will accept
it, it is important to understand which currency has more chances to develop in the near future as well as long term.
The USD is a so-called fiat currency. Since it is not linked to any physical asset, Government has the freedom to print
additional money with no limitation. The biggest hazard of printing too much money is hyperinflation. With more of
the currency in circulation, each unit is worth less. In contrast, the total supply of YEM is strictly limited to 100 billion
units, there will never be more than 100 billion YEM circulating.
The USD economy is not just limited to the U.S., because it is still the leading currency for global payments. Now, the
more other currencies are used, the more the value of USD is under pressure. In contrast, YEM has been created just
4 years ago, and the volume of global transactions is growing fast while the supply of YEM is limited. As of today,
about 700 billion USD worth of transactions have been processed in YEM since 2017. At the same time, the value of
YEM went from USD0.01 to USD10.00.
The YEM Foundation as the Regulatory Authority for the YEM is acting comparable to a central bank for any fiat
currency. Their major goal is to protect and grow the value of their currency. While some governments peg their
own currency to one of the major world currencies, others decided to let the currency’s value float.
The United States is just one of the major economies that uses a floating exchange rate. In a floating system, the
rules of supply and ....
big mac index Project
The document discusses factors that cause fluctuations in exchange rates between currencies. Exchange rates change when the values of the component currencies change due to shifts in supply and demand. Demand for a currency can increase due to greater transaction or speculative demand. Transaction demand is correlated with economic activity while speculative demand depends on interest rates. Other factors like inflation also impact exchange rates. Exchange rate fluctuations affect international trade and investment returns.
208 gwes unit 4b
International Monetary System: The International Financial System - Reform of International Monetary Affairs
- The Bretton Wood System and the International Monetary Fund, Controversy over Regulation of International
Finance, Developing Countries' Concerns, Exchange Rate Policy of Developing Economies.
208 gwes unit 4b
International Monetary System: The International Financial System - Reform of International Monetary Affairs
- The Bretton Wood System and the International Monetary Fund, Controversy over Regulation of International
Finance, Developing Countries' Concerns, Exchange Rate Policy of Developing Economies.
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"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.一比一原版(UCL毕业证)伦敦大学|学院毕业证如何办理
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OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.What's a worker’s market? Job quality and labour market tightness
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In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
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- 2. INTRODUCTION The renminbi (abbreviated RMB; simplified Chinese: 人民币; traditional Chinese: 人民幣; pinyin: About this sound renminbi, IPA: [ʐə ̌ n.mǐn.pî]; lit. 'people's currency'; symbol: 元/¥; code: CNY) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's reserve currencies. The yuan (Chinese: 元; pinyin: yuán) is the basic unit of the renminbi, but the word is also used to refer to the Chinese currency generally, especially in international contexts. One yuan divides into ten jiao (Chinese: 角; pinyin: jiǎo), and a jiao in turn divides into ten fen (Chinese: 分; pinyin: fen). The renminbi is issued by the People's Bank of China, the monetary authority of China.
- 3. Until 2005, the value of the renminbi was pegged to the US dollar. As China pursued its transition from central planning to a market economy and increased its participation in foreign trade, the renminbi was devalued to increase the competitiveness of Chinese industry. It has previously been claimed that the renminbi's official exchange rate was undervalued by as much as 37.5% against its purchasing power parity.[6] However, more recently, appreciation actions by the Chinese government, as well as quantitative easing measures taken by the American Federal Reserve and other major central banks, have caused the renminbi to be within as little as 8% of its equilibrium value by the second half of 2012. Since 2006, the renminbi exchange rate has been allowed to float in a narrow margin around a fixed base rate determined with reference to a basket of world currencies. The Chinese government has announced that it will gradually increase the flexibility of the exchange rate. As a result of the rapid internationalization of the renminbi, it became the world's 8th most traded currency in 2013,5th by 2015, but 6th in 2019. On 1 October 2016, the RMB became the first emerging market currency to be included in the IMF's special drawing rights basket, the basket of currencies used by the IMF (reserve currency).
- 4. EFFECTS Inflation control Chances of depreciation of currency Purchasing power under control Challenge for US dollar Impact on import and export No printing cost
- 5. ADVANTAGES Digital currencies require lower fees. When you start comparing cryptocurrencies to some of the most widely spread payment methods and gateways (like PayPal), what you will notice is that the transfer fees are significantly lower. ... Fraud protection. ... Simpler international payments. ... The volatility of prices. ...
- 6. DISADVANTAGES High Risk/High Reward System Impossible to Know the Future Loan Facility problem Security issues
- 7. REASON The main reason behind making this digitalization currency is to keep a track of each and every transaction performed in china by single consumer. Also this will help to predict economic behaviour appropriately.