This deck provides a side-by-side comparison between two popular cloud native programming models: MicroProfile vs. Spring boot. It lists similiarilities and differences between them

1. Emily Jiang, Java Champion
Senior Technical Staff Member, IBM
Liberty Microservice Architect, Advocate
Senior Lead for MicroProfile and CDI
@emilyfhjiang
Creating a cloud-native microservice
– which programming model should I use?

2. @emilyfhjiang

3. MicroProfile
Specs, APIs, TCKs
Community Driven
Lightweight, Iterative
Processes
No Reference
Impls!
@emilyfhjiang

4. MicroProfile 1.0 (Fall 2016)
jaxrs-2.0
cdi-1.2
jsonp-1.0
MicroProfile 1.1 (August
2017)
microProfile-1.0
mpConfig-1.0
MicroProfile 1.2 (Sept 2017)
microProfile-1.1
mpConfig-1.1
mpFaultTolerance-1.0
mpHealth-1.0
mpMetrics-1.0
mpJwt-1.0
2017
2018
MicroProfile 1.3 (Dec 2017)
MicroProfile 1.2
mpConfig-1.2
mpMetrics-1.1
mpOpenApi-1.0
mpOpenTracing-1.0
mpRestClient-1.0
MicroProfile 1.4 (June
2018)
MicroProfile 1.3
mpConfig-1.3
mpFaultTolerance-1.1
mpJwt-1.1
mpOpenTracing-1.1
mpRestClient-1.1
2019
MicroProfile 2.0.1 (July
2018)
MicroProfile 1.4
jaxrs-2.1 // Java EE 8
cdi-2.0 // Java EE 8
jsonp-1.1 // Java EE 8
jsonb-1.0 // Java EE 8
MicroProfile 2.1 (Oct 2018)
MicroProfile 2.0
mpOpenTracing-1.2
MicroProfile 2.2 (Feb 2019)
MicroProfile 2.1
Fault Tolerance 2.0
OpenAPI 1.1
OpenTracing 1.3
Rest Client 1.2
2021
2020
MicroProfile 3.0 (Jun
2019)
MicroProfile 2.2
Health Check 2.0
Metrics 2.0
Rest Client 1.3
MicroProfile 3.2 (Oct
2019)
MicroProfile 3.0
Health Check 2.1
Metrics 2.2
@emilyfhjiang

5. CDI 2.0
Latest release
JAX-RS 2.1 JSON-P 1.1
MicroProfile 3.0
JSON-B 1.0
Fault
Tolerance
2.0
Metrics 2.2
JWT
Propagation
1.1
Health 2.1
Open
Tracing 1.3
Open API
1.1
Rest Client
1.3
Config 1.3
20+
Component
Releases!
10 Platform
Releases!
MicroProfile
3.2
Reactive
Streams
Operators
Reactive
Messaging
Context
Propagation
Standalone releases
@emilyfhjiang

6. Open specifications
Wide vendor support
REST services
OpenAPI support
Security
Fault Tolerance
Configuration
Metrics
Health
Open Tracing
https://wiki.eclipse.org/MicroProfile/Implementation
MicroProfile Implementations
@emilyfhjiang

7. Spring MicroProfile
Getting started
Starter https://start.spring.io/ https://start.microprofile.io/
REST
REST Service Spring MVC JAX-RS
Dependency Injection Spring IoC & DI CDI
API Documentation Spring REST Docs MP Open API
REST Client Spring MVC
Feign
MP REST Client
JSON Binding/Processing Bring Your Own Llibrary
Jackson, JSON-B
JSON-B
JSON-P
Reactive
Reactive Spring Reactor
Use Kafka APIs to connect
with Kafka
MicroProfile Reactive Streams
Operator, RxJava
MicroProfile Reactive
Messaging
Handling 100s of Services
Configuration Spring Boot Config
Spring Cloud Config
MP Config
Fault Tolerance Netflix Hystrix MP Fault Tolerance
Security Spring Security
Spring Cloud Security
EE Security
MP JWT Propagation
Operation Focus
Health Checks Spring Boot Actuator MP Health Check
Metrics Spring Boot Actuator MP Metrics
Distributed Tracing Spring Cloud Sleuth MP Open Tracing
Capabilities
@emilyfhjiang

8. https://start.microprofile.io
Getting started
https://start.spring.io/
@emilyfhjiang

9. 9
Create one microservice

10. B
REST
@emilyfhjiang

11. REST Service
SpringMicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

12. 12
Create loosely coupled
microservices

13. B
Dependency Injection
@emilyfhjiang

14. Dependency Injection
SpringMicroProfile
B
@emilyfhjiang

15. 15
Documenting microservices

16. MicroProfile OpenAPI
A B
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Inventory App
description: App for storing JVM system properties of various
hosts.
license:
name: Eclipse Public License - v 1.0
url: https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
version: "1.0"
servers: - url: http://localhost:{port} description: Simple Open
Liberty.
variables:
port:
description: Server HTTP port.
default: "9080"
paths:
/inventory/systems:
get:
summary: List inventory contents.
description: Returns the currently stored host:properties pairs
in the inventory.
operationId: listContents
responses:
200:
description: host:properties pairs stored in the inventory.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InventoryList’
….
http://localhost:9080/openapi
http://localhost:9080/openapi/ui
@emilyfhjiang

17. © 2018 IBM Corporation
Document APIs in Spring
1. Define the dependencies
2. Define your Rest service
4. Use alwaysDo(), responseFileds(), requestPayload(), links(), fieldWithPath(), requestParameters(), pathParameters() to document
3. Define all necessary test classes
@emilyfhjiang

18. 18
Connecting microservices

19. Rest Clients
BA
@emilyfhjiang

20. REST Clients
Spring
MicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

21. 21
Microservice invocation payload

22. JSON-B & JSON-P
A B
@emilyfhjiang

23. JSON Binding/Processing
MicroProfile
Spring
@emilyfhjiang

24. JSON-B & JSON-P in MicroProfile
A B
...
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public InventoryList listContents() {
return manager.list();
}
public class InventoryList {
private List<SystemData> systems;
public InventoryList(List<SystemData> systems) {
this.systems = systems;
}
public List<SystemData> getSystems() {
return systems;
}
public int getTotal() {
return systems.size();
}
}
@emilyfhjiang

25. Reactive
MicroProfile Reactive Stream Operators
to work with Reactive Streams
Can also use RxJava
MicroProfile Reactive Messaging
Spring
MicroProfile
Use Spring Reactor
Directly use Kafka APIs or Spring boot
annotations to interact with Kafka
streams
@emilyfhjiang

26. 26
Microservice QoS

27. Configuration
A B
@emilyfhjiang

28. Configuration
Spring
MicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

29. Fault Tolerance
A B
@emilyfhjiang

30. Fault Tolerance
SpringMicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

31. Secure Microservices
A B
@emilyfhjiang

32. Security: Consuming Json Web Tokens
Spring
MicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

33. 33
Microservice and Cloud
infrastructure

34. Health
SpringMicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

35. Metrics
Spring
MicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

36. Distributed Tracing
MP OpenTracing
Configuring this features allows us to generate traces for the application
Custom Trace Implementation
Spring Cloud Sleuth
If the Spring cloud sleuth is configured on the class path, the trace information
will get generated automatically.
Spring
MicroProfile
@emilyfhjiang

37. https://start.microprofile.io
Demo
@emilyfhjiang

38. Takeaway
Developers should be free to choose what
they prefer
Enterprise should provide developers with
platforms that enable innovation and
flexibility and are enterprise and production
ready
Liberty supports both MicroProfile/EE and
Spring
 Fast, small, reliable runtime
 Optimized for containers and cloud
Spring is popular
MicroProfile and Jakarta EE are evolving
rapidly (and gaining momentum) as
community-driven and standards-based
efforts for developing microservices and
cloud-native applications in enterprise Java
Both Spring and MicroProfile provide
facilities for developers to build next-
generation applications for cloud
 Share similarities
 There are differences too (and sometimes,
significant)
Lightweight runtimes for Java/Jakarta EE are
readily available nowadays
@emilyfhjiang

39. Spring Impl MicroProfile Impl
Open Source
Driven by Pivotal
Spring way of
things
Open Source
Driven by Community
Open standards
Behaviors in
accordance
specifications
More code
Do what you
want/need with
code (and
configuration)
Less code
Customize server
configuration
Find, mix and
match what you
like
Manage your own
dependencies
Runtime provides
what is needed per
specification
Fat JARs Thin WAR
@emilyfhjiang

40. References
● https://www.ibm.com/blogs/bluemix/2018/09/migrate-java-microservices-from-spring-to-
microprofile-p1/
● https://www.eclipse.org/community/eclipse_newsletter/2019/september/microprofile.php
● https://microprofile.io
○ https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/technology.microprofile
○ https://microprofile.io/projects/
○ https://wiki.eclipse.org/MicroProfile/Implementation
● https://openliberty.io
○ https://openliberty.io/guides/
○ https://openliberty.io/downloads/
○ https://github.com/OpenLiberty/open-liberty
@emilyfhjiang

41. Thank You!
@emilyfhjiang