ND Course 2025 v2.pptx presentation on education system

1. Education
System of
Bangladesh

2. Current Problems and Way Forward
Access Quality

3. The need for an
education systems
framework
• This framework, while
originally used for blended
education, helps you think
about different parts of the
system

4. Education
Systems
Framework
Education
Systems
Framewor
k

5. Basic
Assumptio
ns of
Systems
Thinking
There are multiple systems
within the education system –
these systems are
interconnected.
Systems are not right or
wrong. Systems are designed
to produce the results that we
see.
How can systems be designed
to produce different results?

6. Teaching-
Learning
Practices
• Challenge: Memorisation and lecture-
based practices are not sufficient for
quality learning. ”Schooling without
learning is a great injustice” (UNESCO).
• Policy Solution: Think about how to
introduce alternative learning practices to
achieve different objectives. For example,
social constructivist theories of learning
encourage the need for social interaction,
assuming that knowledge is created
through interacting with others.
• Other ways forward: What are teaching-
learning practices that can encourage
interaction among learners?

7. Educational
Content and
Resources
• Challenge: A single textbook may
be not sufficient to support a
learner to engage in quality
learning.
• Policy Solution: Learners need to
engage with multiple different
types of content in different
modalities.
• Other ways forward: Ensuring
learners have access to multiple
learning resources (books, video,
audio, physical, virtual, etc.)

8. Assessment
Challenge: The current form of assessment encourages rote
memorisation and not sufficient to help learners learn about
their own understanding and performance
Policy Solution: Change assessment so that learners and
teacher behavior changes from just using rote memorisation
and that learners can get personalised feedback on their
learning journey
Other ways forward: Using alternative assessment strategies
and technologies to ensure personalised feedback relevant for
the learner.

9. Capacity/Professional Development
Challenge: The problems discussed with learners also appear on
how professional development is designed for teachers, which also
may end up being lecture-based.
Policy Solution: Professional Development also has to be based on
social interaction among teachers and ensure personalised
feedback.
Other ways forward: Develop professional communities of practice
at the school level.

10. Inclusive Infrastructure
Challenge: Infrastructure may not be supporting all kinds of learners
and teachers and may not be supporting changes required in
teaching-learning, assessments, content & resources and professional
development.
Policy Solution: Think about what kind of physical and virtual
infrastructure is required.
Other ways forward: Think about how policy, management,
partnerships and financing can support infrastructure required.

11. Policy
Challenge: Policy may not be updated to support changes required
in other areas. Policy can become top-down, preventing
commuinity ownership.
Policy Solution: Engage multiple actors in policy discussions,
encourage bottom-up demand
Other ways forward: Think about how policy discussions can be
done at scale and what changes need to happen to support
changes required in other areas. Should policy reform all be done in
one stroke or in chunks?

12. Management/Governance
Challenge: Structure may not support decision-making that is
most useful for learners, since decision-making may not be
research-driven, evidence-based or inclusive. Agencies may be
in silos.
Policy Solution: Develop trust among different actors and
agencies. Engage in how evidence and research should be
designed and communicated for busy policy-makers.
Other ways forward: Thinking about how spaces should be
facilitated to develop trust. Think about how to engage
research/evidence ecosystems for policymaking

13. Partnerships
• Challenge: Ego-system, not an ecosystem
• Policy Solution: Develop trust among
actors
• Other ways forward: Invest in impact
networks that help develop trust among
actors.

14. Financing
Challenge: Budget not being
well-spent or under-used,
budget not being spent
efficiently, budget sources
not as diverseified.
Current Policy Solution:
Using research/evidence to
drive better spending.
Improving systems for
ensuring spending is done,
thinking about alternative
financing mechansims to
reduce dependencies.

15. Research, Innovation, Evidence
Challenge: Research and evidence takes time and not well-
communicated.
Current Policy Solution: Invest in systems and partnerships
that can support policymakers with research and evidence
that supports their work.

16. Discourse
and
Storytellin
g
Challenge: Discourse and narratives
perpetuate the current realities
Policy Solution: Identify alternative
discourse and narratives required to
work towards preferred futures of
educaiton
Other ways forward: Create spaces
for alternative discourse as well as
encourage multiple platforms for
storytelling

17. Technical/
Vocational
• Why was there a divide between
technical/vocational education and
primary/secondary/tertiary education?
• What should be the balance? How do
create multiple pathways for learners
to thrive in their lives, even if choosing
a pathway in technical/vocation
education? The balance now should
not be the balance in the future
• How much can schools cover? Why
think beyond schools?

18. Public vs Private
Education debate
• Pros and Cons of Public (pros: standardisation,
freely accessible for majority, cons: may not quickly
adapt, state’s agenda influences public education
curriculum)
• Pros and Cons of private (pros: adaptable, cons:
may not be accessible, private entity’s agenda may
influence curriculum
• State or private sector agenda should not be
detrimental to the learning and wellbeing of the
learners.
• How do you ensure quality for all? Quality for
bottom 50%?

19. Energy of Students
• Inspiration – how do we ensure individual and
collective inspiration for learners?
• Collective Actualisation – how can we nurture
collective purpose and that learners feel connected
to collective purpose?
• Futures Thinking can support learners to feel
connected to collective purpose/

20. Eradicating Illiteracy
• Benefits of illiteracy: Who benefits from illiteracy
existing in society.
• Benefits of 100% literacy: Does this outweight the
benefits of illiteracy? How do we engage who
benefit from people having a lower quality of
education?
• How can 100% literacy be a part of collective
actualisation and collective inspiration? Who can
the actors in this movement?
• How do we define literacy? Is it just basic or also
creative and critical literacy?