I made this presentation for classwork.

1. Navigation
Waterways
Md. Fayezur Rahman
MS in Irrigation And Water Management
ID. No. 1801050201
Reg. No. 1752

2. Introduction
 A waterway is any navigable body of water.
 Natural as well as cheaper means of transport.
 Navigation channels can be in rivers or in coastal areas.
 Total waterways length in worldwide is about 2,293,412 km.
 Over 90% of the world’s trade is carried by sea.

4. Navigation in Bangladesh
 Length of inland waterways: 24,000 km (700
Rivers)
 Length of navigable waterways
 Monsoon: 8,433 km
 Dry season: 4,800 km.
 Least available depth range: 3.90 m to 1.50 m
 Annual water discharge (Source:BWDB) : 1400
billion cubic meter

5. Navigation in Bangladesh
 The present (2011) fleet strength
of BIWTC is 97.
 41 are registered passenger
vessels,
 56 are ferries.
 No. of passenger carried (In year) :
87.80 million
 Quantum of cargo carried (In
year): 58 million ton

6. Navigation route in Bangladesh

7. Requirements For Navigable Waterways
 Sufficient depth channel (3.7
meters minimum)
 More width of the waterway
than the tow.
 The radii of the bends should
be high and not sharp.
 Straight alignment of
waterway.
 Locking time.
 Low flow velocities.
 Minimum time required for the
tow.
 Efficient and adequate terminal
facilities.

8. Methods For Achieving Navigability
2) Lock and dam
arrangement.
3) Canalisation.1) Open channel
method.

9. Open Channel
Requirements for Open channel improvement are:
 Constructing and Regulating the flow through Storage reservoirs.
 Excavation and Dredging.
 Contraction works.
 Bank stabilization.
 Straightening the waterway by artificial cut offs.
 Removal of snag, debris and other obstructions.

10. Open Channel
Reservoirs:
 Economically for Navigation purpose alone and planned as multiple-
purpose projects.
Dredging:
 Removal of material from navigable channels is usually accomplished
by dredging.

11. Open channel

12. Lock And Dam
Lock and dam construction can be adopted
where,
 Conditions unsatisfactory for open
channel methods.
 Rivers bringing only a little sediment
load.
 A satisfactory alignment is available.
 Suitable site is available for construction
of small dams.

13. Navigation Locks
Two major items in the design of navigation locks are,
o The Determination of size and
o The design of the filling and empty systems.

15. Navigation Dams
Fixed Dams:
o Usually concrete gravity dams.
o Although early structures were
completely rock-filled timber cribs.
Movable Dams:
o Consists of concrete sills slightly
above the channel bottom and a
damming surface.

16. Canalisation
 Controlling the meandering of a river
through a built up area.
 Ease of transport- saves time and money.
 Maintaining the long-term performance
of channels.
 Reduction of water losses by seepage.
 Improving bank stability.
 Protecting erosion.
 A very costly process although.

17. Functions of Inland Water Transport
Three functions with distinct modes of operations and stakeholders:
 National: Consists in trunk haulage of freight and passenger carriage
between the ports and major economic centres (including international).
 Local: Consists in feeder, distribution and local traffic.
 Ferries: Link sections of roads separated by large channels in the
absence of bridges.

18. Inland Waterways Value
 Over 90% of the world’s trade is carried through waterways.
 Key element of State and local government economic development and
job-creation efforts.
 Essential in maintaining economic competitiveness and national security.
 Provide major bulk commodities such as Petroleum and Products, Coal
and Lignite, Sand, Gravel, Stone, Chemicals, Grain, Seed, Iron and
Steel, Logs and Lumber, Clay, Glass, and Concrete, Non-Metallic
Minerals etc.

19. Inland Waterways Value

20. Constraints of Waterways
 Slow movement and large areas not traversed by commercially navigable
streams.
 Inadequate dredging and shortage of berthing facilities.
 Tariffs regulated by the Government are insufficient.
 Condition of piers, jetties and other infrastructure is poor.

21. “
”
Thank you