2. Also known as the “National Integrated Protected
Areas Systems (NIPAS) Act of 1992
The law protects the natural environment from the
profound effect of human activities like
Increasing population
Resource exploitation
Industrial advancement
Areas considered protected are those with
biologically unique features to sustain human life
Unique plant and animal life
3. Protected area refers to identified portion of land and
water set aside by reasons of their unique physical and
biological significance managed to enhance
biodiversity
The following are considered protected areas
Nature reserves
Wildlife sanctuaries
Natural parks and monuments
Protected land and seascapes
The lead agency for implementing the law is the
DENR
Violators of the law will be penalized from 5000 to
500,000 and imprisonment of 1 year or as determined
by court
4. Also known as “The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act of
1997”
The law recognizes, protects and promotes the rights
of indigenous cultural communities and indigenous
people
The National Commission on Indigenous People
(NCIP) will carry out the formulation and
implementation of policies for this act
Convicted violators will be punished by imprisonment
of not less than 9 months and not more than 12 years
or a fine of not less than 10,000 and not more than
500,000 or both as the court dictates
5. Also known as “The Philippine Fisheries Code of
1998”
The law provides for the development, management
and conservation of the fisheries and aquatic resources
for food security
A position is created on the Department of Agriculture
for an Undersecretary for Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources to oversee the implementation of this act
To ensure services, the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources will prepare and implement a development
plan, issue license and identification for commercial
fishing
6. Violations of prohibited acts by a commercial fishing
boat captain shall be fined 10,000 and imprisonment
of 6 months with automatic revocation of license and
confiscation of catch and fishing gears
For an unregistered fisherfolk who violates , he will be
fined 5000 and confiscation of catch
For foreign fishing vessels poaching in Philippine
waters will be fined 100,000 US dollars in addition to
the confiscation of catch and fishing
equipments/vessel
Possession of explosives, imprisonment from 6
months to 2 years
Actual use of explosive, imprisonment of 5 years to 10
years
7. Selling of illegally caught fisheries, imprisonment of 6
months to 2 years
Use of fine mesh nets, fine of 2,000 to 20,000 and
imprisonment of 6 months to 2 years or both as
determined by court
Coral exportation and exploitation, imprisonment for
6 months to 2 years and a fine of 2,000 or 20,000 or
both as determined by court
Muro ami method of fishing, 2 to 10 years
imprisonment and fine of 100,000 to 500,000 or both
as deemed by court
Sell or export of white sand and
pebbles, imprisonment of 2 to 10 years and fine of
100,000 to 500,000 or both as decided by court
8. Also known as “The Clean Air Act of 1999”
The law protect and advance the right of people to a
balanced and healthful ecology
It promote and protect global environment to attain
sustainable development
It recognizes the responsibility of cleaning the habitat
and environment
It recognizes the responsibility to deal with
environmental problems
The law recognizes the principle that “polluters must
pay”
9. The lead agency is the DENR with its
Environmental Management Bureau (EMB)
together with DOST, DOE and the DOTC
Violation of Standards for Stationary Sources, the
Pollution Adjudication Board shall impose a fine
of not more than 100,000 for every day of violation
Violation of Standards for Motor Vehicles, non
registration of the vehicle at the DOTC
For the driver
First offense – not more than 2000
Second offense – not less than 2000 not more
than 4000
Third offense – 1 year suspension and fine of not
less than 4000 but not more than 6000
10. Also known as the “Ecological Solid Waste
Management A ct of 2000”
The law adopts a systematic, comprehensive and
ecological solid waste management program which
shall ensure protection of public health and
environment and utilize environmentally-sound
methods of resource conservation and recovery
The lead agency is the DENR through its EMB
together with DILG, DOST, DPWH, DOH, DTI and
TESDA
11. Littering on public places and burning of solid waste,
fine of not less than 300 but not more than 1000 or
community service of 1 to 15 days or both
Dumping, squatting and burying on flood prone
areas, fine of not less than 1000 but not more than
3000 or imprisonment of not less than 15 days but not
more than 6 months or both
Operation of open dumps and use of non-
environment ally friendly packaging materials, fine of
not less than 500,000 plus not less than 5% but not
more than 10% of his earnings for the previous year of
operation
An imprisonment of not less than 1 year but not to
exceed 3 years at the discretion of the court for second
or subsequent violation
12. Also known as the “National Caves and Cave Resources
Management and Protection Act”
The law conserves, protects and manages caves and
cave resources as part of the country’s natural wealth
The lead implementing is DENR in coordination with
DOT, National Museum, the National Historical
Institute and LGUs
Prohibited acts include knowingly
destroying, defacing, altering, disturbing, marring or
harming of speleogem or speleothem and
gathering, selling and possessing cave resources
without authority
13. Violators will be fined 20,000 to 500,000 or
imprisonment of 2 to 6 years or both
The person furnishing the capital will be fined 500,000
to 1,000,000 or imprisonment of 6 years and 1 day up to
8 years or both as determined by court
Plus restoration of the area to its original form
whenever practicable or compensation for the
damages
And if the offender is a government employee, he must
be removed from government service
14. Also known as the “Wildlife Resources Conservation
and Protection Act”
The law conserves the country’s wildlife resources and
their habitats for sustainability by protecting,
conserving and regulating it
The DENR is the lead agency for its implementation
together with the DA
For killing and destroying wildlife species,
imprisonment of 6 to 12 years and fine of 100,000 to
1,000,000
15. killing and destroying wildlife species, except in the
following instances;
when it is done as part of the religious rituals of
established tribal groups or indigenous cultural
communities;
when the wildlife is afflicted with an incurable
communicable disease;
when it is deemed necessary to put an end to the misery
suffered by the wildlife;
when it is done to prevent an imminent danger to the
life or limb of a human being; and
when the wildlife is killed or destroyed after it has been
used in authorized research or experiments.
inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the
reproductive system of wildlife species;
16. effecting any of the following acts in critical habitat(s)
dumping of waste products detrimental to wildlife;
squatting or otherwise occupying any portion of the
critical habitat;
mineral exploration and/or extraction;
burning;
logging; and
quarrying
17. For illegal acts under paragraph (b) of the immediately
preceding section, the following penalties and/or fines shall be
imposed;
imprisonment of minimum of four (4) years and one (1) day to
six (6) years and/or a fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00)
to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against species listed as critical;
imprisonment of two (2) years and one (1) day to four (4) years
and/or a fine of Thirty thousand pesos (P30,000.00) to Two
hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against endangered species;
imprisonment of one (1) year and one (1) day to two (2) years
and/or a fine of Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) to Two
hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against vulnerable species;
18. imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to
one (1) year and/or fine of Ten thousand pesos
(P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against
other threatened species; and
imprisonment of one (1) month to six (6) months
and/or a fine of Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) to
Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against other wildlife species.
For illegal acts under paragraphs (c) and (d) of the
immediately preceding section, an imprisonment of
one (1) month to eight (8) years and/or a fine of Five
thousand pesos (P5,000.00) to Five million pesos
(P5,000,000.00) shall be imposed.
19. introduction, reintroduction or restocking of wildlife
resources;
trading of wildlife;
collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-
products and derivatives;
gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host
plants and the like;
maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not
covered by the preceding paragraph; and
transporting of wildlife.
20. For illegal acts under paragraphs (c) and (d) of the
immediately preceding section, an imprisonment of one
(1) month to eight (8) years and/or a fine of Five
thousand pesos (P5,000.00) to Five million pesos
(P5,000,000.00) shall be imposed.
For illegal acts under paragraph (e), the following
penalties and/or fines shall be imposed:
imprisonment of two (2) years and one (1) day to four (4)
years and/or a fine of Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) to
Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00), if
inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical;
imprisonment of one (1) year and one (1) day to two (2)
years and/or a fine of Two thousand pesos (P2,000.00) to
Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00), if inflicted
or undertaken against endangered species;
21. imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to one (1)
year and/or a fine of One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) to
One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00), if inflicted
or undertaken against vulnerable species;
imprisonment of one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6)
months and/or a fine of Five hundred pesos (P500.00) to
Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against species listed as threatened species;
and
imprisonment of ten (10) days to one (1) month and/or a
fine of Two hundred pesos (P200.00) to Twenty thousand
pesos (P20,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against
other wildlife species.
22. For illegal acts under paragraphs (f) and (g) of the
immediately preceding section, the following penalties
and/or fines shall be imposed:
imprisonment of two (2) years and one (1) day to four (4)
years and a fine of Thirty thousand pesos (P30,000.00) to
Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00), if inflicted
or undertaken against species listed as critical;
imprisonment of one (1) year and one (1) day to two (2)
years and a fine of Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) to
Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00), if inflicted
or undertaken against endangered species;
imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to one (1)
year and a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to One
hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against vulnerable species;
23. imprisonment of one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6)
months and a fine of Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) to
Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against species as other threatened species;
and
imprisonment of ten (10) days to one (1) month and a fine
of One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) to Five thousand
pesos (P5,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against other
wildlife species: Provided, That in case of paragraph
(f), where the acts were perpetuated through the means
of inappropriate techniques and devices, the maximum
penalty herein provided shall be imposed.
24. For illegal acts under paragraph (h) and (i) of the
immediately preceding section, the following penalties
and/or fines shall be imposed:
imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to one
(1) year and a fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00)
to One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) if
inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical
species;
imprisonment of three (3) months and one (1) day to
six (6) months and a fine of Twenty thousand pesos
(P20,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00), if
inflicted or undertaken against endangered species;
25. imprisonment of one (1) month and one (1) day to
three (3) months and a fine of Five thousand pesos
(P5,000.00) to Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00), if
inflicted or undertaken against vulnerable species;
imprisonment of ten (10) days to one (1) month and a
fine of One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) to Five
thousand pesos (P5,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken
against species listed as other threatened species;
(e) imprisonment of five (5) days to ten (10) days and a
fine of Two hundred pesos (P200.00) to One thousand
pesos (P1,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against
other wildlife species.
