The document discusses nanobiotechnology and patenting challenges in India. It provides contact information for Altacit offices in Chennai, Bangalore and Coimbatore. It then summarizes key concepts regarding biotechnology, nanotechnology and the convergence of nano and bio technologies. It outlines opportunities for patenting nanobiotech inventions but also challenges at the Indian patent office in examining applications due to factors like lack of prior art, examining guidelines and interdisciplinary knowledge required.

1. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Nanobiotechnology & Patents
BY
SRUTHI S RAGHAVAN

2. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
What is biotechnology?
The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes,
especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production
of antibiotics, hormones, etc – Oxford Dictionary
Eg: genetic engineering, transgenic plants, pharmacogenomics etc

3. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
What is nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology is the science and technology of small things,
particularly things that are less than 100nm in size. One
nanometer is 10^9 meters or about 3 atoms long - National
Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network.
Eg: A human hair is about 60-80,000
nanometers wide.
Key features of nanotechnology:
• Small size, measured in 100s of nanometers or less
• Unique properties because of the small size
• Control the structure and composition on the nm scale in
order to control the properties.

4. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Nano & Bio: Emergence of a
convergent technology
• Biological processes are driven by interactions at the molecular
level
• Nanoscale devices can thus become the perfect partner to study
these interactions.
• Can meet nature at its own interface
The result of intersection of nanotechnology and biology =
Nanobiotechnology or Bionanotechnology

5. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Patenting Nanobiotech Inventions
Can build tools from the
ground up, which may make it
more reliable and predictable
than biochemical molecules.
Change the dynamics of
diagnosis and treatment by
interacting at the molecular
level. Eg: cancer
Can develop therapeutic
nanomaterials that are highly
specific thereby reducing side
effects Eg: caner
Eg: scanning probe
microscopes, quantun dots,
Dendrimers.

6. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Confronting the Big 3
Patent Law at the forefront of Bionanotechnology
Novelty – inherent properties of a known material vs unique properties at the
nano-scale.
Inventive Step/non-obviousness – it may be obvious to make materials smaller, but
the properties at nanoscale may not be obvious
Industrial applicability – the scope of the nanobiotech inventions in industry is
huge. The nano product itself may not be patentable, but the process for making it
may be patentable.
But analysts wonder whether undue experimentation would be necessary to teach
those with ‘ordinary skill’ how to make and use the invention, in the future.
Novelty Inventiveness Applicability

7. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Roadmap to IP protection
Factors that influence bionanotech patents in
medicine
Applicant IP Counsel Patent Office
Lucrative alternative to
stagnant/weak drug
pipelines
Effective solution to
patent cliffs
Securing broad patents
Construct claims that will
secure valid defensible
patent protection
Multidisciplinary
knowledge and expertise
required to adviset patent
clients
Lack of prior art making
search difficult
Examiners are required to
possess knowledge in
diverse disciplines to
carefully evaluate
application.
Identifying broad patent
claims

8. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
BIONANOTECH IN USA
Class 977 for categorising nanotech patents
~ 6000 nanotech patents granted in 2013 alone. Number
of bionanotech patents granted is not known.
Issues raised – patent thickets/overlapping patents,
broad patents, litigations, revocation of patents due to
invalidity.

9. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
BIONANOTECH IN INDIA
Modest investments in Nanobiotech in India - industry still finding a
foothold.
Nanomedicines and nanodevices focusing on 5 therapeutic areas: Oncology,
neuropsychiatry, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and arthritis.
Dabur Pharma’s Nanoxel – a novel drug delivery system for the anti-cancer
drug ‘Paclitaxel’
Biocon & Abraxis Biosciences launched Abraxane – the nanotech based
anti-cancer drug.
Some of the most prolific companies exploring these avenues: Lupin Ltd,
Cipla Ltd, Cadila Healthcare Ltd, Shasun Pharmaceuticals
Few companies are involved in patenting nanobio inventions in India.

10. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CAN IPO HANDLE BIONANOTECH
PATENT APPLICATIONS?
Nanobio research in India is focused primarily on the
healthcare sector and is gaining more attention.
Patenting activity is low and is at an early stage.
Trigger – impossibility in predicting the future
commercial success or viability of an issued patent
Blurring of invention and discovery interface,
convergence of biotech and nanotech may challenge
the IPR regime.

11. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
POSSIBLE ROADBLOCKS:
Section 3d & 3e
Invention or discovery?
Most nano inventions are based on basic
science discoveries.
Discovery of new form of a known
substance (not resulting in an
increase in efficacy), discovery of a
new property of a known substance
or new use of a known process,
machine or apparatus (that does not
result in a new product or employs
atleast one new reactant) (s. 3d)
A substance obtained from/process of
producing a substance which is a
mere admixture which results in only
the aggregation of the properties of
its components (s. 3e)

12. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
EXAMINER WOES
No defined examining group –
could result in broad patents or
patenting basic research due to
the nature of nanobio.
Inadequate or lack of training
or examination guidelines
Inadequate engagement with
outside legal or technology
experts.
Lack of prior art

13. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
FUTURE OF NANO-BIO
Touted to be the next biggest technology with nanotechnology
based products worth $1 trillion by 2015 – by National
Science Foundation.
Could bring breakthrough treatments to taper down the disease
burden of India
Increase affordability and access to medicines & contribute to the
economic growth
BUT...

14. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
POSSIBLE REPURCUSSIONS
- patent thickets
- patent cliffs
- increase in application
pending period due to the
complex nature of the application
- application backlog at the IPO
- broad patents or worse – low quality patents

15. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
When the going gets tough, the tough
gets going
For the IPO: Exploiting the current provisions of
the IP legislation to make room for nanobio
inventions
Experimental use exemption, disclosure
standards, learn from biotech patents
Engage with outside legal and technical experts
undertake training where possible

16. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Contd...
For the Applicant:
Triple-Helix Model
Collaborating, publishing and
sharing of knowledge
Trend watching
Creating synergies Triple-Helix-Model

17. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Contd...
For the IP counsel/patent agents:
- training and undertaking courses in
nanotech where possible
- build expertise
- advise clients by gaining a thorough
understanding of the nano patent
landscape.

18. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Look out, its coming!!
The Small is Getting Big!
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