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Older adults are at a disadvantage in dealing with
computer technology…
… but computer technology might also provide benefits
for older adults…
… such as cognitive training.

Picture source: Dagblad De Limburger
This idea is backed-up theoretically by the notion of
   Cognitive Reserve and the Use it or Lose it Principle…
Picture source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/neuralwizardry/2378024664/
… but evidence is not clear.

Picture source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/epsos/4913877848/
Need for multifactorial intervention!
Baseline screening (236)



                    Randomization 1 (191)                         Not interested (45)



             Training (123)                    No training (68)



            Randomization 2



Intervention (62)     No intervention (62)



                                 4-months follow-up



                                 12-months follow-up
Our intervention targeted (amongst others) cognitive
functioning.
We found no effect of the intervention on most measures
   of cognitive functioning:
Picture source: http://www.alzheimercentrum.nl
Verbal memory (VVLT)

  35


  30


  25


  20
                                                                                         baseline
  15                                                                                     4 months
                                                                                         12 months

  10


  5


  0
       Training/Intervention   Training/No intervention   No training/No   No interest
                                                           intervention
Speed of information processing (LDST)

  60


  50


  40


  30                                                                         baseline
                                                                             4 months
  20                                                                         12 months


  10


  0
       Training/Intervention   Training/No    No training/No   No interest
                               intervention    intervention
Stroop test (inhibition scores)

  30


  25


  20


  15                                                                         baseline
                                                                             4 months
  10                                                                         12 months


   5


   0
       Training/Intervention   Training/No    No training/No   No interest
                               intervention    intervention
Subjective cognitive functioning (CFQ)

  35


  30


  25


  20
                                                                             baseline
  15                                                                         4 months
                                                                             12 months
  10


  5


  0
       Training/Intervention   Training/No    No training/No   No interest
                               intervention    intervention
That is, we did not find beneficial effects of using
computers and the internet for older adults…
… nor did we find evidence of risks of using computers.
However, we didn’t study subjective experience…
… and our sample was very healthy and autonomous to
begin with.
@


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Sumary of my PhD thesis presented at Gerontechnology 2012

  • 1.
  • 2. Older adults are at a disadvantage in dealing with computer technology…
  • 3. … but computer technology might also provide benefits for older adults…
  • 4. … such as cognitive training. Picture source: Dagblad De Limburger
  • 5. This idea is backed-up theoretically by the notion of Cognitive Reserve and the Use it or Lose it Principle… Picture source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/neuralwizardry/2378024664/
  • 6. … but evidence is not clear. Picture source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/epsos/4913877848/
  • 7. Need for multifactorial intervention!
  • 8. Baseline screening (236) Randomization 1 (191) Not interested (45) Training (123) No training (68) Randomization 2 Intervention (62) No intervention (62) 4-months follow-up 12-months follow-up
  • 9. Our intervention targeted (amongst others) cognitive functioning.
  • 10. We found no effect of the intervention on most measures of cognitive functioning: Picture source: http://www.alzheimercentrum.nl
  • 11. Verbal memory (VVLT) 35 30 25 20 baseline 15 4 months 12 months 10 5 0 Training/Intervention Training/No intervention No training/No No interest intervention
  • 12. Speed of information processing (LDST) 60 50 40 30 baseline 4 months 20 12 months 10 0 Training/Intervention Training/No No training/No No interest intervention intervention
  • 13. Stroop test (inhibition scores) 30 25 20 15 baseline 4 months 10 12 months 5 0 Training/Intervention Training/No No training/No No interest intervention intervention
  • 14. Subjective cognitive functioning (CFQ) 35 30 25 20 baseline 15 4 months 12 months 10 5 0 Training/Intervention Training/No No training/No No interest intervention intervention
  • 15. That is, we did not find beneficial effects of using computers and the internet for older adults…
  • 16. … nor did we find evidence of risks of using computers.
  • 17. However, we didn’t study subjective experience…
  • 18. … and our sample was very healthy and autonomous to begin with.