The document discusses multithreading in Java, outlining its benefits such as improved efficiency, responsiveness, and scalability. It explains concepts such as thread creation, synchronization, and the thread life cycle, along with best practices for managing threads and preventing issues like deadlocks and starvation. Key strategies include utilizing thread pools, avoiding deadlocks, and minimizing shared resources.

1. MULTI-THREADING IN JAVA
#Submitted by:
P. Vinay
-238r1a12q1
IT - D

2. Multithreading in
Java
Multithreading is a powerful feature in Java that allows a
program to execute multiple threads concurrently, improving
efficiency and responsiveness. This presentation will explore the
benefits, concepts, and best practices of utilizing multithreading
in Java development.

3. What is Multithreading?
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2Concurrent
Execution
Multithreading enables a single
process to have multiple
threads running
simultaneously, each
performing a specific task.
Resource Sharing Threads
within a process share the same
memory space, allowing efficient
utilization of system resources.
Improved
Responsiveness
Multithreading can enhance the
overall responsiveness of an
application by allowing it to
continue processing other tasks
while waiting for a time-
consuming operation to
complete.

4. Benefits of Multithreading
Increased Efficiency
Multithreading can improve the
overall efficiency of a program by
utilizing system resources more
effectively and reducing idle time.
Enhanced Responsiveness
By allowing the application to
continue
processing other tasks while waiting
for a time-consuming operation,
multithreading can improve the user
experience.
Scalability
Multithreading enables applications
to scale more easily, as additional
threads
can be added to handle increased
workloads.

5. Creating Threads in Java
Thread Pools
Use the java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService to
manage a pool of threads, simplifying thread creation
and lifecycle management.
Extending Thread Class
Create a new class that extends the Thread class and
override the run() method to define the thread's
behavior.
Lambda Expressions
Leverage Java 8's Lambda expressions to create and
start threads concisely.
Implementing Runnable Interface Implement
the Runnable interface, create a Thread instance, and
pass the Runnable implementation to the Thread
constructor.

6. Thread Life Cycle
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New
A thread is created but not yet
started.
Running
The thread is currently being executed by
the JVM.
Runnable
The thread is eligible for execution and is
waiting to be scheduled by the JVM.
Blocked/ Waiting
The thread is temporarily suspended and
cannot run until a certain condition is met.
Terminated
The thread has completed its task and is
no longer
active.

7. Thread
Synchronization
Semaphores
Provide a way to control the
number of threads that can
access a shared resource
simultaneously.
Synchronized Methods
Ensures that only one
thread can
access a method
at a time, preventing
race conditions.
Reentrant Locks
Offer more flexibility and
control over synchronization
compared to synchronized
methods and blocks.
Synchronized Blocks
Allows for more granular
synchronization, locking
specific code blocks instead
of entire
methods.

8. Deadlocks and
Starvation
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Deadlocks
Occur when two or more threads are waiting for
each other to release resources, leading to a
circular dependency.
Starvation
A situation where a thread is continuously denied
access to a shared resource, leading to lack of
progress.
Fair Scheduling
Implementing fair scheduling policies can help
mitigate the risk of starvation in multithreaded
applications.
Resource Allocation
Careful management of shared resources and
the order in which they are acquired can help
prevent deadlocks.

9. Best Practices and Considerations
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Utilize Thread Pools
Use thread pools to manage the lifecycle of
threads, improving performance and reducing
resource consumption.
Avoid Deadlocks
Carefully design the resource acquisition order
and consider using tools like lock hierarchies to
prevent deadlocks.
Monitor and Debug
Implement comprehensive logging and monitoring to
quickly identify and resolve multithreading-related
issues.
2Minimize Shared Resources
Reduce the number of shared resources to minimize
the potential for race conditions and synchronization
issues.

10. THANK YOU