Multan is an ancient city in Pakistan dating back 6000 years. It has been ruled by various empires and was invaded numerous times throughout history. The city has a hot climate and is located along the Chenab River, with the surrounding fertile land used for agriculture. Multan has a population of over 3 million people and is an economic center, with industries such as textiles, food processing, and crafts. The city has significant religious and historical sites that reflect its diverse cultural heritage. Multan is also known for producing mangoes and other agricultural exports.

1. Multan
The City of Saints

2. History
• Multan is one of the oldest cities of the world dating back
6000 years when it was known as Maloha, a cultural and
trade hub between Central Asia and South Asia.
• It was conquered by Alexander the Great in 326 BC.
• Multan was conquered along with Sindh by Muhammad bin
Qasim in 712 AD.
• Multan was attacked by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1005 CE.
• Timur, Babur and many other rulers invaded this city.

3. Geography
• The city of Multan is located in the South of Punjab. The Chenab
River is located on the east of the city. The nearest major cities
are Dera Ghazi Khan, Bahawalpur and Layyah.
• The area around the city is best for agriculture, with
many citrus and mango farms. There are many canals that cut
across the Multan District, providing water from nearby farms. The
canal system of Pakistan is the best in the world. This makes the
land very fertile.
A map dated from 1669 showing Multan

4. Climate
• Multan features an arid climate with very hot
summers and mild winters. The city witnesses
some of the most extreme weather in the
country.
• Dust storms are a common occurrence within the
city.

5. Demographics and Languages Spoken
• Estimated population of Multan is about 3,117,000 as of 2015.
Languages Percentage of speakers
Punjabi 40%
Urdu 30%
Siraiki 28%
Others 2%

6. Economy
• Major Industries of Multan are fertiliser, cosmetics,
cotton production and processing, large textile units,
flour mills, sugar and oil mills. It is famous for its
handicrafts and cottage industries.
• Multan is agriculture-based, there is plenty of livestock
which has led to the production of dairy products,
meat/poultry processing units, leather manufacturing,
tinned goods and pharmaceuticals.

7. Culture
• Multan is one of the oldest cities in South Asia, with many tombs, shrines,
temples, cathedrals and mausoleums, as well as Multan Fort. It has diverse
culture.

8. Main Places
Delhi Gate Eid Gah Mosque Multan Garrison Club

9. Main Places
Monument of Patrick Alexander Vans Agnew Tomb of Shah Rukn e Aalam Tomb of Bahauddin Zikria

10. Main Places
Ghanta Ghar (The Clock Tower) – Built in 1884 by British Raj for office purposes

11. Main Places
Main Entrance of the Multan Fort at Damdama Multan Picture Library

12. Main Places
Cannon used by the Britishers during the Siege Multan during the Siege of 1848- 1849

13. Ghanta Ghar Chowk

14. Educational Institutes
• Literacy rate of Multan is 43.7%.
Nishter Medical College Nishter Hospital

15. Educational Institutes
Bahauddin Zakariya University Institute of Southern Punjab (ISP)

16. Importance of Multan
Multani Sohan Halwa known for its International Quality Standard and has won ANIM International Awards

17. Halwa

18. Blue Painting And Blue Pottery

19. Blue Painting and Blue Pottery

20. Importance of The Region
Multani Mitti or Fuller’s Earth is Lime rich clay used in cosmetics for its beneficiary purpose

21. Mangoes

22. Mangoes
Multan is famous for its rich, pulpy and mouth watering Mangoes which are famous worldwide. Major
companies such as Nestlé prefer Multan mangoes over other regions.

23. Notable People
• Yousaf Raza Gillani – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan
• Shah Mehmood Qureshi – Vice Chairman of PTI
• Javed Hashmi – Former member of PTI
• Malik Muhammad Rafique Rajwana – Governor of Punjab
• Fariduddin Ganjshakar – Saint

24. And This…
Inzamam Ul Haq