The document outlines the principles and practices of maintenance and repairs for civil structures, emphasizing the importance of preventive, remedial, routine, and special maintenance to ensure longevity and safety. It describes processes such as retrofitting, re-strengthening, rehabilitation, and restoration, as well as factors influencing maintenance decisions. Additionally, it highlights objectives, classifications, necessities, and the benefits of effective maintenance strategies.

1. Maintenance and Repairs of Structures (22602)
WEL – COME CE6I By: Kawthekar S G
H.O.D Civil Engineering

2. Course Teaching Scheme

3. Syllabus Content

4. Suggested Learning Recourses………
Sr.No Title of Book Author Publication
01
Building Repair &
Maintenance management
Ghalot P. S,
Sharma, Sanjay
CBS Publisher
02
Maintenance Engineering for
Civil Engineers
Nayak B. S.
Khanna
Publication
03
Maintenance & Repairs of
Buildings
Guha P. K.
New Central Book
Agencies
04
Maintenance & Repairs of
Buildings
Hutchin Son, BD
Newness -
Butterworth

5. Course Outcome……
• Select the relevant method of maintaining different building structures.
• Test the structures to predicts its stability.
• Select the relevant materials for repair of structures.
• Apply relevant methods of repair for the masonry structure.
• Restore the damages of building structural elements using suitable method
of repair.
• Prepare the structural audit and budget for the maintenance of structure.

6. Chapter No.01 Basic of Maintenance & Repair…..
Max. Marks 08
Unit Outcomes
• Explain the necessity of maintenance & repairs of the civil structure.
• Know the factors that influence on maintenance of given structure with
justification.
• Explain the concept of retrofitting, re-strengthening, rehabilitation and
restoration.
• Know the periodical maintenance and its manual, monsoon maintenance,
maintenance history sheet.

7. Chapter No.01 Basic of Maintenance & Repair…..
Max. Marks 08
• Meaning of Maintenance: Maintenance is preventive in nature. Activities
include inspection and works necessary to fulfill the intended function or
to sustain original standard of service. OR It is the process in which
actions are carried out to restore or retain a structure to its original state to
perform function.

8. Objectives of Maintenance……..
• To ensure the services of structure for desired period of time with high
degree of reliability.
• In case of deterioration maintenance will restore the building and its
services.
• To improve serviceability and utility value of structure.
• To avoid and reduce the deterioration rate of structure.
• To keep structure in serviceable condition.
• Prevention of damages due to natural agencies and to keep them in good
appearance and working condition.

9. Necessity of Maintenance & Repairs….
• Early decay of structure or its parts may arrested in time.
• Proper planning of maintenance, the structure will give best serviceability.
• Structure becomes sustainable & stable to an acceptable standard of
serviceability.
• Regular maintenance work is undertaken to restore or improve the every
facility of structure.
• It prevent or slow down the rate of deterioration.

10. Importance of Maintenance & Repairs….
• Improve life of structure.
• Improve life period gives better return on investment.
• Better appearance and aesthetically pleasant.
• Better serviceability of elements and components.
• Leads to quicker detection of defects.
• Prevents major deterioration.
• Ensures safety to occupants.
• Ensures feeling of confidence on the user.

11. Classification of Maintenance……
•1
• Preventive Maintenance
•2
• Remedial Maintenance
•3
• Routine Maintenance
•4
• Special Maintenance

12. Preventive Maintenance….
• The maintenance work done before the defects occurred or damage
developed in the structure is called preventive maintenance.
• It includes through inspection, planning the programs of maintenance and
executing the work.
• It depends upon the specification, condition and use of structure.

15. Remedial Maintenance….
• The maintenance work done after the defects or damages occurs in the
structure.
• It involves the following basic steps.
Finding the deterioration
Determining the causes
Evaluating the strength of existing structure
Evaluating the need of the structure
Select the implementing the repair procedure

16. Routine Maintenance….
• It is the service maintenance attended to the structure periodically.
• It is also known as periodical maintenance or Time based maintenance.
• Periodical maintenance is a process of maintaining the structure and its
components to keep it functioning to an optimum condition at the
performance level for which it was designed.

17. Routine Maintenance….
• It involves checking, cleaning, lubrication & re-tightening screw.
• This maintenance is applicable in equipment's or building elements that
has expected life span. This maintenance are done based on a set time
interval may be weekly, monthly, & yearly.

19. Repair……
• Repair is the process of re-constructing or renewing any damaged part of
structure so that structure performs its function.
• The repairing also carried out to improve the architecture and aesthetic
shape of damaged structure. In order to bring back the normal functioning
as quick as possible.

20. Retrofitting……
• It is a process of enhancing the resistance of damaged or weak structure by
appropriate technique of maintenance and repair.
• It is also defined as the operation or process in which replacing,
strengthening, repairing etc. to be carried out to improve the performance
of damaged structure.

21. Retrofitting……
• It better option catering to economic consideration.
• It make structure reusable with safety & comfort.
• The basic purpose of retrofitting is to upgrade the strength, rigidity, &
ductility of existing structure.

22. Retrofitting technique is adopted due to…..
• Structure was not initially designed by the structural designer.
• If IS code is revised in last year.
• Due to lack of experience in supervision.
• Due to sub standard quality of structure.
• To retain and maintain historical view of important structures.
• When structure is expanded, renovated and rebuilt.
• Due to changes of functional use of structure

23. Difficulties faced while adopting retrofitting…..
• Lack of standard or specifications about the retrofitting method.
• Non- availability of materials, data, equipment’s and records of structure.
• Non-availability of skilled and trained labors.
• Some techniques may produce additional forces.

24. Re-strengthening……..
• It is the process of adding strength to any part of an existing building to
provide higher strength than its original. Or is the process of upgrading
structure to improve performance under existing load to increase the
strength of structural members to carry additional loads.
• Objectives…………………
• Reducing the source of weakness.
• Increasing strength.
• Increasing the integral action of various elements of building.
• Increasing the structural properties.

25. Rehabilitation……………….
• It is the process of returning a structure to its earlier condition or prior to
damage.
• It is the process of making optimum use of property through repairs,
alternations, and addition.
• Rehabilitation is related to the reconstruction of damaged structure to the
same function as that of structure prior to the damage.

26. Restoration……
• Restoration involves protecting the buildings from further damage to
achieve a high level of authenticity by replicating materials and techniques
as closely as possible.
• The process also involves carrying out other modern work such as
replacing outdated utilities.
• It is the process of regaining the original strength of structure before
damage occurs.
• It is carried out to increase the strength of load bearing elements by
addition of temporary structure.

27. Factors influencing the maintenance & repairs..
• Cost
• Faulty workmanship
• Age of building
• Use of sub-standard materials
• Insufficient funds
• Availability of physical resources
• Urgency of maintenance
• Non application of maintenance policy
• Owners attitude and wrong behavior of occupants
• Misuse of structure and structural components
• Social Consideration

28. Merits & Demerits of maintenance & repairs..

29. Periodical Maintenance…….
Preventive, predictive, or seasonal maintenance activities performed on a
routine basis (typically based on calendar or operating hours).
It is the process of maintaining the structure and its components to keep it
functioning to an optimum condition at the performance level for which it
was designed.
It involves checking, cleaning, lubrication, re-tightening etc.
It is also known as time based maintenance (TBM)

30. Importance of Periodical Maintenance…….
Damage of structure can be prevented.
It enhance the service life of structure or elements.
Save cost in terms of money, time & energy.
Less risk to damage without notice.
It gives safer work environment.
It saves from major incident due sudden structural failure.