The document discusses key aspects of Colombia's constitutional history and government structure: 1. It describes the National Front period from 1958-1974 which established power sharing between the Liberal and Conservative parties. 2. It outlines some of the most important constitutional amendments in 1910, 1936, 1945, and 1957 which established things like presidential term limits, social rights, and the National Front system. 3. It discusses the president's ability to declare states of emergency and siege under the 1886 constitution, granting them expanded legislative powers during such periods.

1. Mr. diego villamizar studen.campo e. corrales 5b

2. 1. What is a bureaucracy? Bureaucracy is an organization or organizational structure characterized by explicit and regularized procedures. 2. What was the National Front and what was its main objective? National Front was an electoral and political coalition between liberals and conservatives Colombian force between 1958-1974. The main characteristic of this period was the agreement on equality between the two parties during this process, since it raised these alternated the presidency during his 16 years. 3. Prior to the 1991 Constitution, could a President be reelected? Before the constitution of 1991 President could not be reelected

3. 4 What are the most important Constitutional Amendments done to the 1886 Constitution? The most important amendments were: In 1910: 4 year presidential term, annual meeting of the congress, restores departmental assemblies, the voting restriction for those who could read and write In 1936: social function of private property, labor and social obligation, the right to strike, welfare, religious freedom, free and compulsory primary education. In 1945: tasks of the congress, popular election of mayors, more independence to the judiciary, strengthen the executive branch. 5. What did the 1957 amendment to the Constitution change? Creating a system of government called the National Front and the women will have the same political rights as men 6. What was the goal of the 1968 amendment to the Constitution? Planning in the country, standards for creation of new departments, reducing the number of Congressman and Diputados.

4. 7. Why did President Barco on 1988 launched the iniciative: Acuerdo de la Casa de Nariño or Nariño House Accord? For invited a referendum in 1988 and the creation of a preparatory commission for the process of institutional adjustment reforms and review and approve the notice of referendum 8. What were the main requirements to become President of Colombia The requirements to be president are the same as for Senator: being Colombian of birth and a citizen and have thirty years of age 9. What was a presidential designate? The person who replaces the president during absence 10. Explain the concept reciprocal deference? An interpolation technique using successive quotients of a function with its values so as to obtain a continued fraction expansion approximating the given function by a rational function .

5. 1. To your regard what is a Constitution? A constitution is a system that creates laws and decides what type of country is 2. How many constitutions Colombia had prior to the 1886 Constitution? Colombia has had ten constitutions the last of which--adopted in 1886 5. When was Slavery abolished? The 1853 constitution already had abolished slavery, instituted trial by jury, and enlarged the franchise to include all male citizens over the age of twenty-one

6. 6. What were the fundamental elements brought by each Constitution prior to the one issued on 1886 in regard to the President? · Guarantees of civil liberties, establishes three branches of government--the executive, legislature, and judiciary, · Restored strong executive powers primarily through the president's ability to invoke a state of siege under Article 121 and a state of emergency under Article 122, · Amended, guarantees freedom of religion and conscience but affords the Catholic faith preferential treatment 7. What were the fundamental elements brought by the 1886 Constitution in regard to the President? Restored strong executive powers primarily through the president's ability to invoke a state of siege under Article 121 and a state of emergency under Article 122, 8. What is a Constitutional Amendment? A law or change to an existing law that is added to a governing document

7. 9. Explain the Concept State of Siege? Apart all or part of the republic in the event of foreign war or domestic disturbance 10. What is the main power assigned to the President in a State of Siege in regard to legislation? Under a state of siege, a president may issue decrees having the same force as legislation and may suspend laws incompatible with maintaining public order or waging war. 11. Throughout each constitutional development what has been the position of the Roman Catholic Church? The 1832 and 1840 constitutions had affirmed the extraordinary position of the Roman Catholic Church. 12. What is a Plebiscite? A vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance