Neha Yadav is a senior embedded software engineer with over 8 years of experience developing software for embedded products. She has extensive experience developing communication protocols and software for home automation systems using technologies like Zigbee, Wi-Fi, GSM, and RS-485. At her current company, she leads projects developing gateways and controls systems for home automation and monitoring UPS systems using various wireless technologies. She has expertise in microcontrollers from manufacturers like ST, TI, and Freescale and programming languages including C, C++, and Assembly.
Iaetsd arm based remote surveillance and motion detectionIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes an arm-based remote surveillance and motion detection system using MJPEG compression. The system uses an ARM9 processor and Linux operating system to capture video from a camera. The video is compressed using MJPEG and transmitted over the internet. Users can view the live video stream and detect motions using a web browser. The system is designed for applications like security, transportation and home monitoring due to its low cost, stability and security compared to traditional DSP-based solutions.
An alarm device or system of alarm devices gives an audible, visual or other form of alarm signal about a problem or condition. Alarm devices are often outfitted with a siren.
Alarms in an operation and maintenance (O&M) monitoring system, which informs the bad working state of (a particular part of) the system under monitoring. First-out alarm safety alarms, which go off if a dangerous condition occurs.
A Study of Motion Detection Method for Smart Home SystemAM Publications
Motion detection surveillance technology give ease for time-consuming reviewing process that a normal video
surveillance system offers. By using motion detection, it save the monitoring time and cost. It has gained a lot of interests
over the past few years. In this paper, a proposed motion detection surveillance system, through the study and evaluation
of currently available different methods. The proposed system is efficient and convenient for both office and home uses as
a smart home security system technology.
Distance measuring unit with zigbee protocol, Ultra sonic sensorAshok Raj
With Zigbee protocol, developed a distance measurement unit using an ultrasonic sensor, Arduino and X-bee trans-receiver for communication between displays and monitoring unit.
Software used: Arduino
This document provides an introduction to smart sensors, including their components, architecture, evolution, applications, and advantages. A smart sensor combines a sensor and interfacing electronic circuits to allow for logic functions, two-way communication, and decision making. They have evolved from early generations with little electronics to current generations that are fully integrated network-capable systems. Key applications of smart sensors include accelerometers, optical sensors, infrared detectors, and integrated multi-sensors. Their advantages include reduced size, improved reliability, and lower costs.
The document describes the design and implementation of an ultrasonic distance measurement system. It uses the pulse echo method to measure distance. An ultrasonic transducer transmits pulses which are reflected by an object and received by another transducer. The time delay between the transmitted and received pulses corresponds to the distance. The system is divided into a digital section containing a microcontroller and LCD, and an analog section comprising ultrasonic transducers, amplifiers, comparator. It measures distance by calculating the time of flight of ultrasonic pulses and displaying it on an LCD screen.
Neha Yadav is a senior embedded software engineer with over 8 years of experience developing software for embedded products. She has extensive experience developing communication protocols and software for home automation systems using technologies like Zigbee, Wi-Fi, GSM, and RS-485. At her current company, she leads projects developing gateways and controls systems for home automation and monitoring UPS systems using various wireless technologies. She has expertise in microcontrollers from manufacturers like ST, TI, and Freescale and programming languages including C, C++, and Assembly.
Iaetsd arm based remote surveillance and motion detectionIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes an arm-based remote surveillance and motion detection system using MJPEG compression. The system uses an ARM9 processor and Linux operating system to capture video from a camera. The video is compressed using MJPEG and transmitted over the internet. Users can view the live video stream and detect motions using a web browser. The system is designed for applications like security, transportation and home monitoring due to its low cost, stability and security compared to traditional DSP-based solutions.
An alarm device or system of alarm devices gives an audible, visual or other form of alarm signal about a problem or condition. Alarm devices are often outfitted with a siren.
Alarms in an operation and maintenance (O&M) monitoring system, which informs the bad working state of (a particular part of) the system under monitoring. First-out alarm safety alarms, which go off if a dangerous condition occurs.
A Study of Motion Detection Method for Smart Home SystemAM Publications
Motion detection surveillance technology give ease for time-consuming reviewing process that a normal video
surveillance system offers. By using motion detection, it save the monitoring time and cost. It has gained a lot of interests
over the past few years. In this paper, a proposed motion detection surveillance system, through the study and evaluation
of currently available different methods. The proposed system is efficient and convenient for both office and home uses as
a smart home security system technology.
Distance measuring unit with zigbee protocol, Ultra sonic sensorAshok Raj
With Zigbee protocol, developed a distance measurement unit using an ultrasonic sensor, Arduino and X-bee trans-receiver for communication between displays and monitoring unit.
Software used: Arduino
This document provides an introduction to smart sensors, including their components, architecture, evolution, applications, and advantages. A smart sensor combines a sensor and interfacing electronic circuits to allow for logic functions, two-way communication, and decision making. They have evolved from early generations with little electronics to current generations that are fully integrated network-capable systems. Key applications of smart sensors include accelerometers, optical sensors, infrared detectors, and integrated multi-sensors. Their advantages include reduced size, improved reliability, and lower costs.
The document describes the design and implementation of an ultrasonic distance measurement system. It uses the pulse echo method to measure distance. An ultrasonic transducer transmits pulses which are reflected by an object and received by another transducer. The time delay between the transmitted and received pulses corresponds to the distance. The system is divided into a digital section containing a microcontroller and LCD, and an analog section comprising ultrasonic transducers, amplifiers, comparator. It measures distance by calculating the time of flight of ultrasonic pulses and displaying it on an LCD screen.
The document discusses passive infrared (PIR) sensor technology. It explains that PIR sensors can detect infrared radiation emitted by warm bodies like humans. The sensor contains a crystalline element that generates a surface charge when exposed to heat in the form of infrared radiation. When the amount of infrared radiation changes, the amount of charge also changes. PIR sensors have two sensing elements connected in a way that cancels out signals from temperature changes and sunlight, allowing it to detect only moving objects. Typical applications of PIR sensors include automatic lighting systems, security systems, and burglar alarms.
This document discusses the implementation of a wireless sensor network in railways. It begins by describing wireless sensor networks and their components. It then discusses how wireless sensor networks were originally developed for military applications but are now used widely in industrial and civilian sectors. The document outlines some key features and applications of sensor nodes. It describes the need for wireless sensor networks in railways to improve safety. Specifically, it discusses implementing gate control, avoiding collisions between trains, identifying faulty tracks, and regularizing rail traffic. Diagrams provide examples of how sensors could be used for speed indication, signaling, tripping the high tension during abnormal conditions, and detecting track failures.
Pir sensor based security alarm system using um 3561 (2)Ushaswini Chowdary
This document describes a PIR sensor-based security alarm system that uses a PIR sensor and UM3561 siren IC. The system detects infrared radiation emitted from humans using a PIR sensor and triggers the UM3561 IC to produce an alarm siren. It uses low-power, inexpensive components like a PIR sensor, UM3561 siren IC, transistors, resistors, speaker and battery. When the PIR sensor detects human infrared radiation within its 5m range, it sends a signal to the UM3561 IC to generate an alarm siren through the speaker. This provides a low-cost solution for security and other applications.
This document discusses motion sensing and detection. It defines motion and sensors, and describes different types of motion sensors including active sensors like RADAR and LiDAR, and passive sensors like infrared sensors. It outlines various motion sensing technologies such as passive infrared, ultrasonic, and microwave sensing. Applications of motion sensing in devices like the Leap Motion controller, Kinect, and PlayStation Move are also covered.
B.Tech.Final Year ECE Project Report on Ultrasonic distance measure robotSushant Shankar
ULTRA-4 or ultrasonic distance measure robot is a robot which perform many action such as it gives the actual position of wall or obstacle which comes in front of it, measures the distance which displayed by 7-segment and also show the moving images of the objects by camera.
The application area of ultra-4 is very wide such as rescue oprations, spy robot, versatile use in autonomus technology,use in mining,it has found essential use in light industry (e.g. toy industry) agriculture and power engineering and used in car parking system.
This document discusses motion sensing technology. It begins by defining a sensor and describing motion sensors, which detect movement. The main types of motion sensors are active sensors, which emit and detect signals, and passive sensors, which detect infrared radiation. Motion sensing has applications in security, lighting, and games. The document explores specific motion sensing technologies like infrared, ultrasonic, and microwave sensors. It also discusses the use of motion sensors in mobile devices and games like the Kinect. In conclusion, the document states that while important for gaming now, motion sensing will have more impact in non-gaming applications.
The document discusses passive infrared (PIR) sensor technology. It explains that PIR sensors can detect infrared radiation emitted by warm bodies like humans. The sensor contains a crystalline element that generates a surface charge when exposed to heat in the form of infrared radiation. When the amount of infrared radiation changes, the amount of charge also changes. PIR sensors have two sensing elements connected in a way that cancels out signals from temperature changes and sunlight, allowing it to detect only moving objects. Typical applications of PIR sensors include automatic lighting systems, security systems, and burglar alarms.
This document discusses the implementation of a wireless sensor network in railways. It begins by describing wireless sensor networks and their components. It then discusses how wireless sensor networks were originally developed for military applications but are now used widely in industrial and civilian sectors. The document outlines some key features and applications of sensor nodes. It describes the need for wireless sensor networks in railways to improve safety. Specifically, it discusses implementing gate control, avoiding collisions between trains, identifying faulty tracks, and regularizing rail traffic. Diagrams provide examples of how sensors could be used for speed indication, signaling, tripping the high tension during abnormal conditions, and detecting track failures.
Pir sensor based security alarm system using um 3561 (2)Ushaswini Chowdary
This document describes a PIR sensor-based security alarm system that uses a PIR sensor and UM3561 siren IC. The system detects infrared radiation emitted from humans using a PIR sensor and triggers the UM3561 IC to produce an alarm siren. It uses low-power, inexpensive components like a PIR sensor, UM3561 siren IC, transistors, resistors, speaker and battery. When the PIR sensor detects human infrared radiation within its 5m range, it sends a signal to the UM3561 IC to generate an alarm siren through the speaker. This provides a low-cost solution for security and other applications.
This document discusses motion sensing and detection. It defines motion and sensors, and describes different types of motion sensors including active sensors like RADAR and LiDAR, and passive sensors like infrared sensors. It outlines various motion sensing technologies such as passive infrared, ultrasonic, and microwave sensing. Applications of motion sensing in devices like the Leap Motion controller, Kinect, and PlayStation Move are also covered.
B.Tech.Final Year ECE Project Report on Ultrasonic distance measure robotSushant Shankar
ULTRA-4 or ultrasonic distance measure robot is a robot which perform many action such as it gives the actual position of wall or obstacle which comes in front of it, measures the distance which displayed by 7-segment and also show the moving images of the objects by camera.
The application area of ultra-4 is very wide such as rescue oprations, spy robot, versatile use in autonomus technology,use in mining,it has found essential use in light industry (e.g. toy industry) agriculture and power engineering and used in car parking system.
This document discusses motion sensing technology. It begins by defining a sensor and describing motion sensors, which detect movement. The main types of motion sensors are active sensors, which emit and detect signals, and passive sensors, which detect infrared radiation. Motion sensing has applications in security, lighting, and games. The document explores specific motion sensing technologies like infrared, ultrasonic, and microwave sensors. It also discusses the use of motion sensors in mobile devices and games like the Kinect. In conclusion, the document states that while important for gaming now, motion sensing will have more impact in non-gaming applications.
1. Motion sensing in Consumer Devices
– By Showri Bekal
Motion sensing, which is the current wave in user interface (after multi-touch of course) is driving the
Consumer Electronics devices into new uncharted territories. Chances are high that you have already
used a product which has motion sensing. For example if you have used a camera which has electronic
image stabilization, or a camera which changes the image orientation to landscape or portrait
depending how you hold the camera, or if have used iPod, iPhone, iPad, or if you have used the laptop
that shuts off harddisk when its falling, or if you have shaken your phone to change music and the list
goes on. The most famous application of the motion sensing technology is of course the legendary
product from Nintendo – The Wii Remote. In this article we will walk through how motion sensing
work, the trend in consumer devices industry to adapt motion sensing and applications of motion
sensing.
The two key instruments behind motion sensing are Gyroscope and Accelerometer. Gyroscope is a
simple but amazing instrument that can be used to detect orientation. The principle on which
gyroscope is based can be seen all around us from bi-cycles to space station. Gyroscope is used in
destructive purposes like maintaining the bore sight of the canons on destroyers on high seas. But
when such beautiful inventions are used constructively in consumer devices it opens up an entire new
vista of opportunities, as demonstrated by the now famous Wii remote. While Gyroscopes measure
angular momentum, accelerometer are instrument that detect movement. Use of both Gyroscope and
Accelerometer allows motion detection in all of 6 Dimension ( 3 linear + 3 rotational along linear axes).
Accelerometer
Accelerometer can measure linear acceleration with reference to an inertial frame, as long as there is
no rotation. They can be used to measure tilt. But accelerometers have a limitation, they cannot tell
the difference between gravity and linear motion. So under certain conditions accelerometer cannot
give correct results. This becomes clear if we see how an accelerometer is constructed.
Accelerometer construction
Accelerometer can be constructed based on various physical principles. The different type of
accelerometers based on the physical principle used in the construction are: Capacitive, Piezoelectric,
Piezoresistive, Hall effect etc. The cutting edge of accelerometer construction is the MEMS (Micro-
Electro Mechanical System). While MEMS technology already produce devices with form factors
suitable for consumer electronic devices, the future of accelerometer is in nano-technology and the
quantum tunneling effects, which will result in smaller and higher accuracy accelerometers.
The diagram above is a model of multi-axis-capacitive accelerometer.
When the free mass held by string moves, the attached capacitor plate
pass by fixed capacitor plate. The capacitance, which is directly
proportional to the overlapping area is converted to a voltage vector.
The vector represents the direction and extent of motion.
2. Gyroscope
While an accelerometer says I am accelerating at x m/s2 a gyroscope says I am rotating at x deg/sec.
Gyroscopes measure all type of rotation including horizontal and their response is more than that of
accelerometer. Their limitation being, able to respond only to rotation and not linear motion.
Gyroscopes are constructed based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum. Once a
gyroscope is set in motion its spin axis remains pointing in the same direction irrespective of the
external torque applied. This principle is used to measure the changes in orientation of the gyroscope
frame.
Applications of Motion Sensing
There are many products in market that are using accelerometers at the time of writing this article:
Nitendo Wii, iPhone, iPod touch, Apple iPad, Google Nexus One, HTC Hero, Samsung Omnia, Samsung
Omnia HD,Samsung Rogue (U960), Motorola Droid, Nokia N96, Nokia N97, Nokia 5800, Nokia N97
mini, Sony Ericsson W910i, Sony Ericsson C902, Palm Pre, Blackberry Storm, HTC Touch Diamond, HTC
Dream,Microsoft Zune HD etc.
The most imaginative use of the accelerometer, I think, is 'The Wand'. The wand, as the name suggest,
looks like a wand, similar to one used by Harry Potter. Its capabilities are no lesser, a flick of
the hand is all that requires to change the TV channel ! Few movements to increase decrease volume.
Imaginative combination of accelerometers and wireless remote has really brought magic to life.
But the best application of motion sensing in my opinion is the Google's SkyMap app for the Android
phone. Just point your phone in any direction in the sky to display the name of the constellations,
planets visible in that direction.
Of course Pace is not behind in adaptation of motion sensing, our own Le-
Cube has an accelerometer to detect whether the box is placed vertically
or horizontally and adjust the LCD display accordingly
Today Accelerometer has more adoption in Consumer Devices than
Gyroscope. As we have seen each have their limitation. The trend is
moving towards using both accelerometer and gyroscope to offset each
others disadvantages. InvenSense – a company that produces MEMS
bases gyroscope, is confident that in future gyroscope only system is
feasible. While Texas Instruments, ST Microelectronics are pioneers in MEMS based accelerometers.
InvenSense is a prominent player in
MEMS based Gyroscopes. Accelerometers are available at less than $1 per axis while gyroscope from
Invensense are available at $2 per axis. Form factor being almost same the price battle might finally
decide which technology is used en-masse.
Which ever way the technology take us motion sensing is here to stay and the user interface is up for
complete revamp.
Author
Showri Prasad Bekal
Project Parker / US Cable